(Content) A Brief History of Modern India- Spectrum

A Brief History of Modern India by Spectrum

1. The Revolt of

Economic Causes
Political Causes
Administrative Causes
Socio -Religious Causes
Influence of Outside Events
Discontent Among Sepoy's
Beginning and Spread
Storm Cent res and Leaders of the Revolt
Suppression of Revolt
Causes of Failure of Revolt
Hindu-Muslim Unity Factor
Nature of the Revolt
Consequences
Summary

2. Religious and Social Reform Movements

Genesis of the Awakening
Social Reform
A General Survey of Sociocultural Reform Movements and their Leaders
Positive Contributions of Reform Movements
Negative Aspects of Reform Movements
Summary

3. The Struggle Begins

Moderate Phase and Early Congress
Factors in Growth of Modern Nationalism
Political Associations Before the Indian National Congress
Pre-Congress Campaigns
Indian National Congress - its Aims and Objectives
Methods of Political work of the Early Moderates
Contributions of Moderate Nationalists
An Evaluation of the Early Nationalists
Role of Masses
Attitude of the Government
Summary

4. National Movement

Why Militant Nationalism Grew
The Swedish and Boycott Movement
The Movement Under Militant Leadership
Extent of Mass Participation
All India Aspect
Annulment of Partition
Why did the Swedish Movement Fizzle out?
Assessment
The Surat Split
The Government Strategy
Revolutionary Terrorism
Morley-Minot Reforms
First World War and Nationalist Response
Home Rule League Movement
Lucknow Session of the Indian National Congress—1916
Montague’s Statement—August 1917
Summary

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5. National Movement

1919-1939 Era of Mass Nationalism
Why Nationalist Resurgence Now
Montague-Chalmers Reforms and Government of India Act, 1919
Relate Act
Emergence of Gandhi
Gandhi in India
Gains from Champlain, Ahmadabad and Heda
Satyagraha Against the Rowlatt Act - First Mass Strike
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (April 13,1919)
Khilafat and Non - Cooperation Movement
Swarajists and No-Changers
Emergence of New Forces During the 1920s
Revolutionary Terrorism During the 1920s
Growth of Communalism
Anti-Simon Commission Upsurge
Nehru Report
The Run-up to Civil Disobedience Movement
Civil Disobedience Movement
First Round Table Conference (November 1930-January 1931)
Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Evaluation of Civil Disobedience Movement
Karachi Congress Session—1931
Second RTC and Second Civil Disobedience Movement
Communal Award and Poona Pact
Gandhi’s Harijan Campaign
Strategic Debate
The First Stage Debate
Government of India Act, 1935
The Second Stage Debate
28 Months of Congress Rule in Provinces
Summary

6. National Movement : Towards

Freedom and Partition - 1939 - 1947
Second World War and Nationalist Response
August Offer
Individual Satyagrahas
Cripes Mission
Quit India Movement
Famine of 1943
Rajagopalachari formula
Desai-Liaqat Pact
Wave ll Plan
The Indian National Army
Post-War National Upsurge - June 1945 to February 1946
Congress Election Campaign and INA trials
Three Upsurges - Winter of 1945-46
Election Results
The Cabinet Mission
Communal Holocaust and the Interim Government
Attlee’s Statement—February 20, 1947
Towards Partition
Mountbatten Plan, June 3, 1947 I
Indian Independence Act
Problems of Early Withdrawal
Integration of States
Why Congress Accepted Partition?
Summary

7. Administrative Changes After 1857

Administration - Central, Provincial, Local
Changes in the Army
Public Services
Princely States
Administrative Policies
Foreign Policy
Summary

8. Economic Impact of British Rule in India

Industrialization—Ruin of Artisans and Handicrafts men
Impoverishment of Peasantry
Emergence of New Land Relations, Ruin of Old Zamindars
Stagnation and Deterioration of Agriculture
Commercialization of Indian Agriculture
Development of Modern Industry
Rise of Indian Bourgeoisie
Economic Drain
Famine and Poverty
Nationalist Critique of Colonial Economy
Summary

9. Development of Indian Press

Early Regulations
Struggle by Early Nationalists to Secure Press Freedom
Vernacular Press Act, 1878
During and After the First World War
During the Second World War
After Independence

10. Development of Education

A Humble Beginning by Charter Act of 1813
Orientalist-Anglicism Controversy
Efforts of Thomson 293
Wood’s Des-patch (1854) Hunter Education Commission (1882-83)
Indian Universities Act, 1904
Government Resolution on Education Policy—1913
Saddler University Commission (1917-19)
Education Under Dyarchy
Hartog Committee (1929)
Wardha Scheme of Basic Education (1937)
Sergeant Plan of Education
After Independence 299
Kothari Education Commission (1964-66)
Development of Vernacular
Education Development of Technical Education
Evaluation of British Policy on Education

11. Brief Notes on Some Aspects of British Rule

British Social and Cultural Policy in India
Civil Services
Police
Judiciary
Development of Constitution from 1773 to 1858

12. The Indian States

East India Company’s Struggle for equality with Indian States from a Position of Subordination (1740-1765)
Policy of Ring Fence (1765-1813)
.Policy of Subordinate Isolation (1813-1857)
Policy of Subordinate Union (1857-1935)
Policy of Equal Federation (1935-1947)
Integration and Merger

13. Civil Rebellions and Tribal Uprisings—1757-1900

Bengal and Eastern India
Western India
South India
North India
Weaknesses of these Uprisings

14. Peasant Movements - 1857 - 1947

Peasantry Under Colonialism
A Survey of Early Peasant Movements
Changed Nature of Peasant Movements After 1857
Weaknesses
after Movements
Peasant Activity in Provinces
During the War
Post - War Phase
Balance - Sheet of Peasant Movements

15. The Movement of the Working Class

Earlier Efforts
During Swadeshi Upsurge
During the First World War and After
During and After the Second World War
After Independence

16. The Evolution of Nationalist Foreign Policy

1880 to First World War - Anti - Imperialism and Pan - Asian Feeling
World War I
1920s and 1930s - Identifying with Socialists
After 1936 - Anti - Fascism
After Independence

Ready Reference Data

1. Personalities Associated with Specific Movements
2. Governors-General and Viceroys of India: Significant Events in their Rule
3. North-East Frontier Tribal Movements Year, Region, Major Causes
4. Other Tribal Movements - Period, Region, Causes and Consequences
5. Constitutional Development in India at a Glance
6. Indian National Congress Annual Sessions
7. Famous Trials of the Nationalistic Period
8. Socio-Religious Reform Movements
9. Caste Movements
10. Peasant Movements
11. Newspapers and Journals