UPSC Mains Exam Syllabus - Malayalam (Literature)

::Paper – 1::

(Answers must be written in Malayalam)

Section "A"

1—Early phase of Malayalam Language :

• 1.1 Various theories : Origin from proto Dravidian, Tamil, Sanskrit.
• 1.2 Relation between Tamil and Malayalam : Six nayas of A. R. Rajarajavarma.
• 1.3 Pattu School—Definition, Ramacharitam, later pattu works—Niranam works and Krishnagatha.

2—Linguistic features of :

• 2.1 Manipravalam—definition. Language of early manipravala works—Champu, Sandesakavya, Chandrotsava, minor works. Later manipravala works—medieval Champu and Attakkatha.
• 2.2 Folklore—Southern and Northern ballads, Mappila songs.
• 2.3 Early Malayalam Prose—Bhashakautaliyam, Brahmandapuranam, Attaprakaram, Kramadipika and Nambiantamil.

3—Standardisation of Malayalam :

• 3.1 Peculiarities of the language of Pana, Kilippattu and Tullal.
• 3.2 Contributions of indigenous and European missionaries to Malayalam.
• 3.3 Characteristics of contemporary Malayalam; Malayalam as administrative language. Language of scientific and technical literature—media language.

Section "B"

Literary History

4—Ancient and Medieval Literature :

• 4.1 Pattu—Ramacharitam, Niranam Works and Krishnagatha.
• 4.2 Manipravalam—early and medieval manipravala works including attakkatha and champu.
• 4.3 Folk Literature.
• 4.4 Kilippattu, Tullal and Mahakavya.

5—Modern Literature—Poetry :

• 5.1 Venmani poets and contemporaries.
• 5.2 The advent of Romanticism—Poetry of Kavitraya i.e., Asan, Ulloor and Vallathol.
• 5.3 Poetry after Kavitraya.
• 5.4 Modernism in Malayalam Poetry.

6—Modern Literature—Prose :

• 6.1 Drama.
• 6.2 Novel.
• 6.3 Short story.
• 6.4 Biography, travelogue, essay and criticism.

IAS Mains General Studies Study Kit

::Paper - 2::

(Answers must be written in Malayalam)

Section "A"

This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and is designed to test the candidate’s critical ability.

Unit 1

• 1.1 Ramacharitam—Patalam 1.
• 1.2 Kannassaramayanam—Balakandam first 25 stanzas.
• 1.3 Unnunilisandesam—Purvabhagam 25 slokas including Prastavana.
• 1.4 Mahabharatham Kilippattu—Bhishmaparvam.

Unit 2

• 2.1 Kumaran Asan—Chintavisthayaya Sita.
• 2.2 Vailoppilli—Kutiyozhikkal.
• 2.3 G. Sankara Kurup—Perunthachan.
• 2.4 N. V. Krishna Variar—Tivandiyile pattu.

Unit 3

• 3.1 O. N. V.—Bhumikkoru Charamagitam.
• 3.2 Ayyappa Panicker—Kurukshetram.
• 3.3 Akkittam—Pandatha Messanthi.
• 3.4 Attur Ravivarma—Megharupan.

Section "B"

Unit 4

• 4.1 O. Chanthu Menon—Indulekha.
• 4.2 Thakazhy—Chemmin.
• 4.3 O. V. Vijayan—Khasakkinte Ithihasam.

Unit 5

• 5.1 M. T. Vasudevan Nair—Vanaprastham (Collection).
• 5.2 N. S. Madhavan—Higvitta (Collection).
• 5.3 C. J. Thomas—1128-il Crime 27.

Unit 6

• 6.1 Kuttikrishna Marar—Bharataparyatanam.
• 6.2 M. K. Sanu—Nakshatrangalute Snehabhajanam.
• 6.3 V. T. Bhatttathirippad—Kannirum Kinavum.

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