(The Gist of Science Reporter) Liquid Crystal Display

 [MARCH-2018]

Liquid Crystal Display

LCD, short for Liquid Crystal /Display, is the technology behind most of the screens today. Liquid crystals have an ordered crystalline structure with elongated molecules oriented in specific directions that can flow like a liquid. LCD works on the principle of blocking light rather than emitting it. The thin, flat panel consists of a layer of liquid-crystal matrix, electrodes and polarizing filters which enables specific filters to pass from a backlight source to the screen. Each pixel in the pixel matrix has three colour sites with colour tilter for red, green or blue. The most commonly used liquid crystal structure is twisted nemantic. In the absence of electric field, a nemantic field shifts the polarization of light to 90 degrees and the screen appears black. When the voltage is applied, the orientation of liquid crystals is twisted due to the electric field produced and the polarization shift is reduced displaying the colours on the screen. Earlier LCD screens used to have a passive matrix, known to appear blurry when images moved quickly on the screens. Modern phones have an active matrix variety which contain Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs) and are cheaper.

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Courtesy: Science Reporter