Literary Organisations

"   National Book Trust

Set up in 1957, its work is to produce and encourage the production of good literature and make it available at cheaper rates. It subsidizes the publication of university level text book written by Indian authors. It organizes national book fairs and regional book fairs.

"   National Educational Resources Centre (NER C)   The centre was establ ished in 1972  and  is   also   known   as   

Raja Rammohan Roy National Educational Resource Centre. Its main function is to promote Indian Authorship, Indigenous pro- duction of University Level Books and to provide Documentation and  Statistical analysis of printed material. It ranks 3rd in the world after USA and UK in the publish- ing of English books.

"   Asiatic Society Asiatic Society, Kolkata, was founded in 1776 by

Sir William Jones (1764 - 1794) an eminent indologist, with the objective of inquiring into the History, Science, Arts and Literature of Asia. It has contributed to the growt h a nd development of mos t of the major Antiquarian, Scientific and Literary in- stitutions of India. Its historic importance was recognized and the government declared it an institution of ‘‘National Importance’’ in 1984.

The society maintains a museum which con- tains approx. 47000 manuscripts in various languages. With its library of printed books, archives and the collection of manuscripts, it  is one of the leading centres of study of indology in the world.

?  National Library, Kolkata

The National Library, Kolkata was established in 1948 with the passing of the imperial Li- brary (Change of Name) Act, 1948. The basic functions of the Library, which enjoys the sta- tus of an institution of national importance, are: (1) Acquisition and conservation of all signifi- cant production of printed material as well as of  manuscripts of national importance, (ii) Collection of printed material concerning the country, no matter where this is published; (iii) Rendering of bibliographical and documentary services of current and retrospective material, both general and specialised (iv) Acting as re- ferral centre, purveying full and accurate knowledge of all sources   of bibliographical information and Participation in  international bibliographical activities; and (v) Acting as a centre for international book exchange and in- ternal loan.

?  Central Reference Library, Kolkata The  Central Reference Library is a subordi- nate  office of the Department of Culture at present  under the ministry of Culture, Gov- ernment  of  India. This institution has been carved out of the National Library in order to compile the Indian National Bibliography after the promulgation of the delivery of books act, 1954.

?  State Central Library, Mumbai Established in 1804, the Asiatic Society focuses on study and research in languages, philoso- phy, arts and natural & social sciences on Asia in general and India in particular. Besides a mu- seum, the Asiatic Society maintains a state central library. The Asiatic Society of: Bombay is a public state library in the city of Mumbai. It was established in 1803 as 'The Royal Asi- atic Society,  Bombay  Branch." The society, founded by Sir James Mackintosh was known as the Literary Society of Bombay, and first met on November 26, 1830. It was later moved to the present Tower Hall building which was built in 1804. The library is currently run on an annual grant by Maharashtra.

?  Central Secretariat Library, Delhi The Central Secretariat Library (CSL) origi-nally known as Imperial Secretariat Library, Kolkata was established in 1891. Since 1969 the Library has been housed at Shastri Bhawan, New Delhi. It has a collection of over seven lakh documents mainly on Social Sciences and Humanities. It is a depository of Indian Offi- cial Documents, Central Government and has a strong collection of State Government: docu- ments also.

?  Connemara Public Library, Chennai Connemara Public Library at Chennai is one of the four National Depository libraries, which receive a copy of all books, newspapers and periodicals published in India. Established in 1890 the libray is a repository of centuries old publications, wherein lie some of the most re- spected works and collections in the country. It also serves as a depository library for the UN.

?  Saraswati Mahal Library, Thanjavur The Thanjavur Maharaja Serfoji's Sarasvati Mahal Library is one of the few medieval Li- braries that exist in the world. It is an un- bounded repository of culture and inexhaust-ible treasure-house of knowledge built up by t he s uccess ive dynasties  of Nayaks  and Marathas of Thanjavur. It contains very rare and valuable collection of manuscripts on all aspects of art, culture and literature The En-

Some Important Institutes

#  Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manava Sangrahalaya, Bhopal

#  National Mission for Manuscripts, Delhi

#  Allahabad Museum, Allahabad

#  Asiatic Society, Kolkata

#  Central Institute of Buddhist Studies, Jarnmu and Kashmir

#  Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies (CIHTS)

#  Centre for Cultural Resources and Training, New Delhi

#  Delhi Public Library, Delhi

#  Gandhi Samriti and Darshan Samiti, New Delhi

#  Indian Museum, Kolkata

#  Kalakshetra Foundation, Thiruvanmayur Chennai

#  Khuda Baksh Oriental Public Library, Patna

#  Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Institute of Asian Studies (MAKAIAS), Kolkata

#  National Council of Science Museums, Kolkata

#  National Museum Institute of History of Art, Conservation and Museology (MMIHACM), Delhi

#  Nav Nalanda Mahavihara, Nalanda, Bihar

#  Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi (Teen Murti Bhavan)

#  Raja Ram Mohan Roy Library Foundation, Kolkata

#  Raza Library, Rampur

#  Salar Jung Museum, Hyderabad

#  Saraswathi Mahal Library, Tanjore

#  Victoria Memorial Hall, Kolkata

cyclopedia Brittanica in its survey of Libraries of world mention this as "the most remarkable library in India."

?  Raza Library, Rampur

The Rampur Raza Library is a treasure house of  Indo Islamic lear ning and Art. It was founded by Nawab Fatzullah Khan in 1774 AD. His descendants continued to enrich the col- lection. After the independence and merger of Rampur State in the Union of India, the library was brought under the management of a Trust till the Govt. of India took over the library on 1st July 1975 under the Act of Parliament which declared it as an institution of National impor- tance. Its affairs are managed by the Rampur Raza Library Board whose Chairman is the Governor of U.P.

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Lalit Kala Academy

!     Established in 1954. Headquarters: New Delhi. Since its inception, the Academy has been organising national exhibition of contem- porary Indian art with 15 national awards, each of Rs. 50,000. Every three years, the Academy also organises Triennial India, an International exhibition of contemporary art in New Delhi.

!     Regional Centres : Chennai, Lucknow, Kolkata and Bhubaneshwar and Garhi Artist Studies, Delhi.

!    The Academy honours eminent artists and art historians every year by electing them as fellows of the Academy. To propogate Indian art outside, the Academy regularly participates in International Biennials and Triennials abroad and also organises exhibitions of works of art from other countries. To foster contracts with artists from outside, it sponsors exchange of artists with other countries under the various cultural exchange programmes and agreements of the  Government.

!    The present chairman of Lalit Kala Academy: Ashok Vajpyee.

Sangeet Natak Academy

It was established on January 28, 1953 by a  resolution of the Ministry of Education headed by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad signed on 31st May 1952.   Headquarter – New Delhi;

The Sangeet Natak Academy - India’s Na-tional Academy for  Music,  Dance  and Drama – is the first Academy of the Arts, set up by the Republic of India. It encour- ages the forms of Dance, Drama and Mu-sic,  offers  Scholarships  to Artists  and Teachers of traditional arts and gives awards to outstanding  Artists .  The  Academy Awards are the highest National recogni- tion conferred on participating artists. The Academy  also  confers Fellowships to Scholars, their numbers being restricted to 30 living recipients. The Fellowship and Awards carries a cash prize of Rs. 50,000 a  shawl and ‘Tamrapatra’. "    The present chairperson of Sangeet Natak Academy  - Ram Nivas Mirdha

Sahitya Academy

"   Sahitya Aca demy is  the Indi an N ational Academy of letters meant to promote the cause of  Indian literature through publications, translations, seminars, workshops, cultural exchange programmes and literary meets organised all over the country. The Academy was founded in March 1954 as an  autonomous body fully   funded by the Department of Culture. The Academy has recognised 24 languages. It has an Advisory Board for each of the languages that suggests various programmes and publications in the concerned languages. Its head office is in New Delhi.

"   The highest honour conferred by the Academy on a writer is by electing him its fellow. This honour is reserved for the ‘Immortals of Literature’ and limited to 21 at any given time.

"   The present Chairman of Sahitya Academy is Sunil Gangopadhyay.

National School of Drama

It is one of the foremost theatre institutions of the World and the only one of its kind in India. It was set up by Sangeet Natak Acad- emy in 1959, later in 1975 it became an au- tonomous body, totally financed by Depart- ment of Culture. The objective of NSD is to train students in all aspects of theatre, in- cluding Theatre History Production, Scene Design, Costume Designs, Lighting, Makeup etc. The training course at NSD Art and Cul- ture is of three years duration. Each year, 20 students are admitted to the course.

?  Archaeological Survey of India

The Archaeological Surrey of India (ASI) was established in 1861. It functions as an attached office of the   Department of Culture. Under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act of 1958, the ASI has declared 3,612 monuments to be of national importance in the country. Since its establish- ment one hundred and forty two years ago, the ASI has grown into a large organisation with an all India network of offices, branches and circles,   Conservation, preservation md maintenance of the Centrally protected monu- ments and sites are the prime tasks of ASI. The major activities of the Archaeological Sur- vey of India are:

i)    Maintenance, conservation and preservation of Centrally protected monuments/sites and re- mains;

ii)    Conducting   archaeological explorations and excavations;

iii)   Chemical preservation of monuments   and antiquarian remains;

iv)   Architectural survey of monuments;

v)   Development    of  epigraphical research and publications;

vi)   Setting up and re-organisation of site muse- ums and

vii)  Training in Archaeology.

?  National Archives of India

The National Archives of India is the official custodian of   the non-current records of the Government of India  and is holding them in trust for the use of administrators and schol- ars. It is an Attached Office of the Ministry of Culture. It was set up in March 1891 in Calcutta (Kolkata) as the Imperial Record Department and subsequent to the transfer of the National Capital from Calcutta to New Delhi in 1911. It has a Regional   Office at Bhopal and three record centres at Bhubandeswar, Jaipur and Pudducherry.

SUBORDINATE OFFICES

?  Anthropological Survey of lndia, Kolkata The Anthropological Survey of India's contri- bution for understanding the people of India by its coverage of the entire length and breadth of the  country and its human surface in the People of India project, its publications and ethnographic films have been widely used and acknowledged all over the world.

Since its inception, the it has been involved in studying the bio-cultural profile of Indian popu- lations for over half a century, from its head- quarters in Kolkata and seven regional centers spread over the length and breadth of the coun- try.

Three main thrust areas of research in the Anthropological Survey of India are:

"   Understanding and documenting socio-cultural aspects of the People of India including audio- visual documentation, collection and preser- vation of museum arte-facts

"   Understanding the physical and biological varia- tion among the people of India through estab- lished methods and also the new technologies. understanding pre-historic, paleo-anthropo- logical and linguistic aspects of the people of India

?  Indira Gandhi National Centre For the Arts - New Delhi

The India Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) is a premier national institution en- gaged in the pursuit of knowledge on arts and culture and in the exploration of relationships of arts and culture with various disciplines of learning and diverse aspects of life. It was es- tablished in 1985 in the memory of the Late Prime Minister Smt to Indira Gandhi. The IGNCA promotes interaction and understand- ing between diverse communities, regions, social strata, and between India and other parts of the world. The IGNCA has been designated as a nodal agency for setting up a National Data Bank on Arts, Humanities and Cultural Heritage.

?  Indian Society of Oriental Art

Set up in Kolkata, it promotes knowledge of ancient and modern Indian and oriental art; collects objects of art; holds exhibitions, lectures seminars etc. it also researches and study. It has a collection of rare and modern ,art books.

?  Indian Council for Cultural Relations

It was founded on 9 April 1950 by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the first Education Minister of independent India. An autonomous body to establish and promote cultural relations and exchanges between India and other countries. It  has overseas offices at Suva (Fiji), San Francisco (US), Georgetown (Guyana). It organises   Nehru  Memorial   award  for International Understanding. It has established cultural centers for Indians abroad.

?  Indian Council of Historical Research

It enunciates and implements a national policy of historical research and encourages scientific writing of history. It gives grants for seminars, research activities, and publications in the field of history. It maintains a large and expanding library cum documentation centre exclusively for  researchers and scholars.

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Abujmaria       Known variously as Abudjamadis, Abujmariya and Hill Maria, these tribes are found in the geographic illy inaccessible areas of Abujhmar Mountains and Kutrumar Hills in the Bastar dist rict of Madhya Pradesh. They speak a Dravidian language called Abujmaria. The Hill Miria tribes are considered as a sub-group oi the Gonds, who are historically the most important group of original Indian tribes.

Adivasika        These are forest dwellers found mainly in Northern Kerala, near Calicut.

Adivasi Girasia These  tribes inhabit  'he Banaskantha and Sabarkantha dis- tricts of Gujarat and are believed to be  the  des cendant s  of  the Rajputs who married Biil wormn. The name "Girasia" refers to the Rajput and other landholders liv- ing in the Gujarat and Rajasthan regions.  Theirlanguage,  al so known as Adivasi Girasia, is an Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Bhil subgroup.

Adiyan            Also known as Eravas ,  these people are found in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

Aka                 These tribes are 5 found mainly in the Andaman Islands, Arunachal Pradesh and  also  in  par t s  of Assam. The Aka people are so named for a black, sticky paint they use on their faces. They used to speak Aka (now an extinct lan- guage) on the Andunan Islands and Aka Lel, a dialect of Nisi, in Assam. The Aka people in Assam celeb - ate the Nechido Festival every year on the first day of November.

Alars                Also  known  as  Chathans or Chatans, these tribes are found in the Kerala-Palghat region. They speak Alar and Malayalam.

Amindivi          These  tribes are found   in Lakshadweep.

Amri Karib      Known by different names like Mikir, Manchati, Mikiri, Karbi, these tribes are found in the Mikir and Rengma Hills of Assam. They speak Amri, a dialect of Mikir.

Anal                 These tribes are found in Manipur.

Angami:           These tribes are found in Kohima, the capital of Nagaland.

Ao                    The Aotribe  is  found in  the Mokokchung  District of Nagaland. The main festivals of the Aos are Moatsuand Tsungremmong celebrated during the first week of May and August, respectively.

Apatani            These tribes, also described as Apa, are found south of the Tibetan border in the states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland. Their language is also kncwn as Apatani. These tribes are re- nowned for their cultivation, es- pecially the Terraced rice fields, which are located along the sides of the valleys.

Arnatas            Also known is Aranacan  and Eranadans, these tribes are fouid in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala. They speak Aranatan and malayalam.

Baiga               Known by names like Baigai, Bega and Bhumis these people are found in Bihar, Maharashtra. Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal Their language is also known as Baiga.

Banchharas       These tribes are found in Madhya Pradesh.

Bangni             The Bangni (also known as the Dafla or the Nishi) inhabit the hills of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Their native language, Nisi, be- longs to the Tibeto-Burman lan- guage family.

Bangri              These tribes are located mainly in the states of Haryana, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Delhi. Their language, Bangaru, is a member of the Indo- Aryan language family.

Banjaras          Known by different names in dif- ferent places like Lamani, Lambadi, Bangala, Banjori, Banjuri, Gohar- Herkeri, Goola, Gurmarti, Kora, Labhani Muka, Lambara, Lavani, Lemadi, Lumadale, Sugali, Tanda, Vanjari, Waji, Gormati and Singali, these tribes are mainly concen- trated in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya   Pradesh,   Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, TamilNadu, Maharashtra Karnataka, Orissa and West Bengal. Their common language is Lamani.

Barda               These tribes are found in Gujarat.

Bavacha          These tribes are found in Gujarat.

Barel    The Barels are considered to be the sub-group of Bhils. They speak Barel language.

Bathudi           The Bathudis live primarily in the districts of  Mayurbhanj

Chamars          These tribes are known by differ- ent names like Chamari, Chambhar Boli and Chambhari. These are found in the States of Madhya Pr adesh,  Uttar  Pradesh  and Maharashtra. Their language is known as Chamari.

Chameali Pahari The Chameali Pahari tribes are primarily located in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Jammu & Kash- mir.

Changs             These tribes are found in the Tuensang District of Nagaland.

Chang-Pas       These are the tribes found in the northern upland valleys of the Indus River in Jammu & Kashmir. They speak in Tibetan dialect.

Charan            These tribes are found in Gujarat.

Chekhasang     Chekhasang and Pouchry Tribes are found in the Phek District of Nagaland. Chakhesang culture and customs are quite different from the other Naga tribes. There are evidences of the ex is tence of head-hunting among the villagers in the ancient days.

Chenchus         Known  variously as Chenchucool am,  Chenchwar, Chenswar and Choncharu, these tribes are found primarily in the state of Andhra Pradesh and also in parts of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Orissa. Their native language (also-called Chenchus) belongs to the Dravidian language family. Many also speak Telugu.

Cheros             These tribes, which claim to be the descendants of the Rajputs, are found in Bihar, Orissa, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal and are primarily concentrated in Palamau, Shahabad, Champaran and other surrounding districts. The Chero speak a language that is also called Chero.

Chettier           Chettie' is tlie Hindu fishermen caste of Tamil Nadu.

Chola Naickans Also known as Chola Naikar, these tribes are fourtd mainly in the Nilambur jungle in Kerala. They speak  Canarese,  a  dialect  of Kannada.

Dafla                These   tribes   are   found   in Arunachal Pradesh.

Damarias         These   tribes   are   found   in Rajasthan.

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India - Chhau dance - Chhau dance is a tr adi tion fr om eas tern India that enacts episodes from epics including the Mahabharata and Ramayana, local folklore and abstract themes. Chhau dance is intimately connected to regional festivals, notably the spring festival Chaitra Parva. Its or igin is traceable to indigenous  forms  of  dance and  martial practices. Chhau is taught to male dancers from families of traditional artists or from local communities. The dance is performed at night in  an open space to traditional and folk melodies, played on the reed pipes mohuri and shehnai. The reverberating drumbeats of a variety of drums dominate the accompanying music ensemble. It binds together people from different social strata and ethnic background with  diverse social  practices, beliefs, professions and languages.

India - Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan : Kalbelia community’s were once professional snake handlers. Today, women in  flowing black skirts dance and swirl, replicating the movements of a serpent, while men  accompany  them  on  the  khanjari percussion instrument and the poongi, a woodwind instrument traditionally played to capture snakes. The dancers wear traditional tattoo designs, jewellery and garments richly embroidered with small mirrors and silver thread.Kalbelia songs  disseminate

mythological knowledge through stories, while special traditional dances are performed during  Holi ,  the  festival  of  colours . Transmitted from generation to generation, the  songs and dances form part of an oral tradition for  which not extsor training manuals exist. Song and dance are a matter of pride for the Kalbelia community.

India - Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala - Mudiyettu is a ritual dance drama from Kerala based on the mythological tale of a battle between the goddess Kali and the demon Darika. It is a community ritual in which the entire village participates. After the summer cr ops ha ve b een ha rvested, t he villagers reach the temple in the early morning on an appointed day. Mudiyettu performers purify themselves through fasting and prayer, then draw a huge image of goddess Kali, called as kalam, on the temple floor with coloured powders, wherein the spirit of the goddess is invoked. This prepares the ground for  the lively enactment to follow, in which the divine sage Narada importunes Shiva to contain the demon Darika, who is immune to defeat by mortals. Shiva instead commands that Darika will die at the hand of the goddess Kali. Mudiyettu is performed annually in

Bhagavati Kavus’ ,the  temples of the goddess, in different villages along the rivers Chalakkudy  Puzha , Periyar and Moov attupuzha .  Respons ibility  for  its transmission lies with the elders and senior per for mers ,  who  enga ge  t he  younger generation as apprentices during the course of  the performance. Mudiyettu serves as an important cultural site for transmission of traditional values, ethics, moral codes and aesthetic norms of the community to the next generation, thereby ensuring its continuity and relevance in present times.

IMPORTANT MONU MENTS OF INDIA N ame                                            Location		Features
Ajanta Caves                       Aurangabad, Maharas Elephanta Caves                 Island near Mumbai Ellora Caves                         Aurangabad, Maharas Jalianwala Bagh                   Amritsar, Punjab   Lothal                                     Gujarat   Nalanda                                 Near Patna, Bihar   Sanchi                                    Near Bhopal Madhya Pradesh Sarnath                                  Varanasi Uttar Pradesh Memorials and Monuments Akbar ’s Tomb                       Sikandra, Near Agra Uttar Pradesh Anand Bhawan                   Allahabad Uttar Pradesh   Bibi-ka-Maqbara                 Aurangabad, Maharashtra Gandhi Sadan in 1948        New Delhi   Jamia Milia                            Delhi Kranti Maidan                     Mumbai   Rajghat                                  New Delhi Shakti Sthal                          New Delhi Shantivan                              New Delhi Teenmurti House                 New Delhi   Tomb of Ahmed Shah        Ahmedabad, Gujarat   Tomb of Sher Shah Suri     Sasaram, Bihar Vijay Ghat                              New Delhi   Important Temples and Mosques Ahmed Shah ’s Mosque     Ahmedabad Bodh Gaya temple              Bodh Gaya, Bihar   Bhubaneswar Temples       Bhubaneswar, Orissa Dilwara Temple                     Mt. Abu, Rajasthan		Originally Buddhist monasteries having unique architecture, sculpture and painting. Consisting of  seven  caves  famous for the Trimurti and other sculptures Ancient cave temples especially famous for ‘Temple of Kailash’ Famous for  indiscriminate  firing by GenO' Dyer on April 13, 1919 on Congress meet- ing demanding independence.. Archaeological excavations revealed existence of Indus Valley civilisation Ruins of an cient Buddhist University founded by Kumaragupta in 427 AD Ancient Buddhist monastery famous for ‘Great Stupa’ Famous for Stupas where Buddha preached his first sermon   Famous for its carvings and ar chitecture of Hindu and Mughal art. Ancestral h ouse of the Nehru family which Mrs. Indira Gandhi gifted for conversion into a national memorial. Mausoleum built by Aurangazeb in 1660 AD in memory of his wife Rabia Durrani. Birla House where Mahatma Gandhi was assas- sinated Muslim University founded by Dr Zakir Hussain Historical venue where Gandhiji gave Quit In- dia call in 1942. Samadhi of Mahatma Gandhi on th e banks of the Yamuna. Situated on the banks of Yamuna where Mrs. Indira Gandhi was cremated Near Rajghat where Pt Jawaharlal Nehru was cre- mated. Residence of the first Prime Minister of India, Pt Jawaharlal Nehru. Now converted into a national memorial. Domed structure famous for paving of multicol- oured marble. Domed structure Samadhi of Lal Bahadur Shastri on the bank of the Yamuna.   Built in 1414 AD, its pillars have Hindu emblems. 60 m high temple built by Ashoka, the Great. Site where Buddha attained enlightenment. Stone temples Jain temple lavishly decorated with carvings.

      

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Bharata Natyam  is a classical dance form originating in Tamil Nadu. In ancient times it was performed as ‘dasiattam’ by Devadasis. Bharatanatyam is popularly called  poetry in Motion. E.Krishna Iyer was one  of those who raised the social status of Bharata atyam and greatly popularized it. Ifollows  the  principle  of  Nat ya Shastra. Rugmini devi Arundale gave it  a  new life and revived it by stablishing ‘Kalakshetra’ at Adayar, Chennai.

 

 

Kathak : It is a North Indian Classical dance form. The story of   Kathak begins  in  ancient  times  with  the performances of professional storytellers called Kathakas who recited stories from epics and mythology with some elements of dance. The work of the Maharaj family of dancers (Acchan Maharaj, Shambu Maharaj, Lachhu Maharaj and Birju Maharaj) helped in spreading the popularity of Kathak.

 

Kathakali : This dance form is from Kerala. Kat haka li or iginated from Rama natt am. Traditinally a Kathakali onducted at night and ends in early morning. But now it has been reduced to three hours or even lesser.In Kathakali, the story is enacted purely by the movements of the hands  and by facial expressions and bodily movements. The makeperformance is usually up of Kathakali artists are Pachcha, Kathi, Kari, Thaadi and Minukku.

 

 

Kuchipudi  is the classical form of Andhra Pradesh. The dance is accompanied by song which is  typi cally carnatic music.The technique of Kuchipudi makes use of fast rhythmic footwork and sculpuresque body movements. Kuchipudi is a combination of Natya, Nritta and Nritya.

 

Manipuri dance is a classical dance from Manipur. The dancers feet never strike the ground hard. Movements of the body and feet and facial expressions in Manipuri dance are suitable and aim at devotion and grace.

 

Mohiniyattam is a dance form from Kerala. It is considered a very graceful dance meant to  be performed as solo recital by women. Maharaja Swathi Tirunal, poet Vallathol Narayana  Menon through Kerala Kalamandalam founded by him and Smt.Kalamandalam Kalyanikutty Amma revived Mohiniyattom.

 

Odissi : Classical dance form of Odisha (Orissa). Odissi is the oldest classical dance rooted in rituals and tradition. It is particularly distinguis hed  from other classical Indian dance   forms by the importance it places upon the independent movement of head, chest and pelvis.

Sattriya is a classical dance form from Assam.It was recognized as a classical dance by Sangeet Natak Academi on November 15, 2000. Sattriya Nritya was usually performed in the Sattras (Assam monasteries) in a highly ritialistic manner by male dancers alone. But in the second half of the 19th Century Sattriya Nritya moved from the monastery to the metropolitan stage. The core of Sattriya Nritya has usually been mythological stories.

 

 

Kelucharan Mohapatra, Pankaj Charan Das, Hare Krishna Behera ,  Sonal  Man singh, Kabita Dwivedi, Kiran Sehgal, Madhvi   Mudgal ,   Sharon Lewon, Myrta Barvil. Indarani Rahman, Priyambada Mohanty.

 

Bharata Natyam      Rujkmini   Devi   Arundale(of Kalakhestra Fame) T Bala- sarswathi, Yamini Krishna Mur- thy, Padma Subramaniyam, Mri- nalini Sarabhai, Vaijayantimala Bali, Leela Samson.

 

Kuchipudi              T. Bala sarswathi ,Esther Sherman, Ragini Devi, Indrani Rahman, Swapna Sundari, . Sobha Naidu, Raja  Reddy, Radha Reddy, Vempati Chinna Satyam, Satyanarayanan Sharma ,  Sudha  Sekhara , Rajaram Rao, G. Sarala

 

Kathakali               Mukunda Raja (of Kalmandalam fame), Koppan Nair, V Kunju Kurupu, Gopinathan Krishnan,  VN Menon, Kottakkal Sivaraman.

 

Mohiniattam           Kalyani Amma, Shanta Rao, Roshan  Vejifdar,   Bharati Shivaji, Kanak Rele.

 

Manipuri                Jhaveri Sisters, Charu Mathur, Sadhona Bose, Bipin Singh, Rita  Devi , Savita Ivkihta , Tandor Devi.

 

Kathak                   Bitju Maharaj, Kalka-BindaGharana, Kunudini Lakhia, Damayanti Joshi, Rani Karna, Saswati Sen, Roshan Kumari, Gopi Krishna, Sitara Devi, Sambhu Maharaj ,  Ananda Shankar, Shovna  Narayan, Bhandana Mangal, Kulgrani Bhatt, Gitanjali Lal.

 

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