Mind Map for UPSC Exam (Indus Water Treaty)
Mind Map for UPSC Exam (Indus Water Treaty)
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Mind Map Important Topics:
Indus Water Treaty
How the treaty Worked till now
- Since the ratification of the treaty in 1960, India and Pakistan have not engaged in any water wars.
- Most disagreements and disputes have been settled via legal procedures, provided for within the framework of the treaty.
- Kishanganga Hydro electric project designed to divert water from the Kishanganga River to a power plant in the Jhelum River basin.
- Construction on the dam was temporarily halted by the Hague's Permanent Court of Arbitration in October 2011 due to Pakistan's protest.
- In February 2013, the Hague ruled that India could divert a minimum amount of water for power generation.
INDUS
- The waters of the Indus basin begin in Tibet and the Himalayan mountains in the states of Jammu and Kashmir
- They flow from the hills through the states of Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir and Sindh.
- There was only a narrow strip of irrigated land along these rivers
- Developments over the last century have created a large network of canals and storage facilities that provide water for more than 26 million acres.
Indus Water Treaty
- It is a water-distribution treaty between India and Pakistan, brokered by the World Bank
- The treaty was signed in Karachi by PM of India Jawaharlal Nehru and President of Pakistan Ayub Khan
- According to this treaty, control over the three "eastern" rivers was given to India, while control over the three "western" rivers was given to the Pakistan
- Eastern rivers include Beas, the Ravi and the Sutlej Western rivers include the Indus, the Chenab and the Jhelum.
- Since Pakistan's rivers flow through India first, the treaty allowed India to use them for irrigation, transport and power generation.
- Transition period of 10 years was permitted in which India was bound to supply water to Pakistan from these rivers until Pakistan was able to build the canal system
- The countries agree to exchange data and co-operate in matters related to the treaty.
- For this purpose, treaty creates the Permanent Indus Commission, with a commissioner appointed by each country.