Mind Map for UPSC Exam (Women in Politics)


Mind Map for UPSC Exam (Women in Politics)


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Study Material for IAS Prelims: GS Paper -1 + CSAT Paper-2

Online Crash Course for UPSC PRE Exam

Mind Map Important Topics:

Women in Politics

Constitutional Provisions

  • Art 326- Universal adult suffrage
  • 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment
  • Art 15 and 16: Reservation and non-discrimination based on sex.

Historical Development

  • Bharat stree mandal was formed in 1910 and focused on helping women
  • In 1927, the All India women's conference was formed
  • helpful in the passage of the Hindu code of bills between 1952 and 1960.
  • Women were also active in the freedom movement
  • Huge participation in Civil disobedience movement and Quit India Movement.
  • New wave started after 1970's
  • The Committee on the Status of Women in India released a report in 1974, and had a significant influence in the reemergence of activism towards gender equality.
     

Challenges

  • Illiteracy- Though literacy among women have improved it is still less than that of men.
  • Sex ratio- Sex ratio in India has just started improving. It is 943/1000. However more alarming is child sex ratio at 914/1000
  • Beto bachao Beth Padhao will help in developing future leaders.
  • Physical and sexual violence discourages women to come into politics.
  • Economic dependence on men is very big factor in developing women leadership.

Current Situation

Reservation to Public offices

  • One third of seats are reserved in panchayat and municipal elections. While some states have increased to 50%.
  • Bill for reservation of women in Parliament is still pending in Lok Sabha.
  • Concerns remain in reserving seats for women in elected positions. Without training women become proxy for men.

Gender gap index of world economic forum.

  • India ranked low at 87th place globally in terms of gender equality despite a jump of 21 places.

Women representation in parliament

  • In the 16th Lok Sabha, 61 women leaders have made their way to the Parliament. This is the highest ever number of Lok Sabha seats won by women.

Click Here to Download Full MAP in PDF

Study Material for IAS Prelims: GS Paper -1 + CSAT Paper-2

Online Crash Course for UPSC PRE Exam

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