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Gist of The Hindu: April 2016


Gist of The Hindu: April 2016


A new beginning with Iran

It was a remarkable moment in international diplomacy. Until last year, it was unimaginable that there would be a peaceful solution to the Iranian nuclear crisis. Even when a deal was reached in July, critics continued to attack the efforts, questioning the operating challenges of the accord and Iran’s dubious nuclear record. But proving its critics wrong again, Iran quickly acted to rein in its nuclear programme. It decommissioned its enrichment centrifuges, removed the core of its heavy-water reactor and shipped out most of its low-enriched uranium stockpile — all in months. On Saturday, the International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed Iran had complied with its commitments. Within hours, nuclear sanctions were removed, signalling Iran’s reintegration with the global economy. The implementation of the deal demonstrates the willingness of both the U.S. and Iran to move past their history of hostilities and begin a new future of cooperation. U.S. President Barack Obama and his Iranian counterpart Hassan Rouhani deserve credit for their visionary determination. It was not easy to effect structural changes in the thinking of their respective foreign policy establishments and chart a new course of constructive engagement. Both faced criticism at home. There were regional challenges as well, such as the steadfast opposition from Israel. Still they stuck to the path of diplomacy which brought new hopes to a region that is otherwise tormented by conflicts.

Over the past few months, U.S.-Iran ties have substantially improved. Though both sides maintain that cooperation is limited to the nuclear deal, in actuality it is much broader. Tehran and Washington are engaged in Syria and Iraq. They share common interests in Afghanistan. The quick release of American sailors whose patrol boats drifted into Iranian waters signalled the shift in ties. The prisoner swap deal, announced just hours before the sanctions were lifted and under which Iran released four Americans and the U.S. seven Iranians, is another indicator. But the question is whether these changes are sustainable and, if so, what effects they can have on the troubled West Asian geopolitics. In Iran there appears to be a consensus on enhanced engagement with the West. Despite the anti-American public posturing, often from the hard-line quarters of the establishment, Iran’s political elite remains largely supportive of President Rouhani’s moves. But it’s not the case in the U.S., where the Republican front runners for the presidential election are highly critical of the deal. It is not clear what could happen to the Iran-U.S. détente if a Republican is elected to the White House. But if both nations overcome these challenges and sustain the momentum, it can transform the region for the better in the long run. India should take the cue from the deal. A peaceful, stable Iran is vital for its interests, particularly for energy security and connectivity. New Delhi should get Tehran on board, again.

National Family Health Survey: Civil Services Mentor Magazine - April - 2016


National Family Health Survey


The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a large-scale, multi-round survey conducted in a representative sample of households throughout India. The NFHS is a collaborative project of the International Institute for Population Sciences(IIPS), Mumbai, India; ORC Macro, Calverton, Maryland, USA and the East-West Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), Government of India, designated International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) as the nodal agency, responsible for providing coordination and technical guidance for the NFHS. NFHS was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) with supplementary support from United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). Technical assistance for the NFHS was provided by ORC Macro and the East-West Center.

The First National Family Health Survey (NFHS-1) was conducted in 1992-93. The survey collected extensive information on population, health, and nutrition, with an emphasis on women and young children. The Second National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2) was conducted in 1998-99 in all 26 states of India with added features on the quality of health and family planning services, domestic violence, reproductive health, anemia, the nutrition of women, and the status of women. The results of the survey are currently being published.

The Third National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) was carried out in 2005-2006. Eighteen Research Organizations including five Population Research Centres carried out the survey in 29 states of India. The funding for NFHS-3 is provided by USAID, DFID, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, UNICEF, UNFPA, and MOHFW, GOI. ORC Macro, USA, is providing technical assistance for NFHS-3, and the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) and the National AIDS Research Institute (NARI) are providing technical assistance for the HIV component.

Padma Awards and Gallantry Awards: Civil Services Mentor Magazine - April - 2016


Padma Awards and Gallantry Awards


Padma Awards

Padma Awards are one of the highest civilian Awards of the country. Padma awards have been divided into three categories, namely, Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri. Work in various fields like art, social work, public affairs, science and engineering, trade and industry, medicine, literature and education, sports, civil service, etc. has been awarded in Padma awards. ‘Padma Vibhushan’ is highest among the three awards, it is awarded for exceptional and distinguished service; ‘Padma Bhushan’ is in between Padma vibhusan and Padma shri, it is awarded for distinguished service of high order and ‘Padma Shri’ for distinguished service in any field. Names of the Padma award recipients of that year are disclosed on the republic day every year.

These awards are conferred by the President of India at ceremonial functions which are held at Rashtrapati Bhawan usually around March/ April every year. This year the President of India has approved conferment of Padma Awards to 112 persons as per the list below. The list comprises of 10 Padma Vibhushan, 19 Padma Bhushan and 83 Padma Shri Awardees. 19 of the awardees are women and the list also includes 10 persons from the category of foreigners, NRIs, PIOs (include one posthumous) and 4 Posthumous awardees.

(News) UPSC Aspirants from Hindi belt demand 3 more attempts


UPSC Aspirants from Hindi belt demand 3 more attempts


More than 200 civil service aspirants staged a protest outside Department of Personnel & Training (DoPT) Minister Jitendra Singh’s residence demanding three additional attempts on a temporary basis.

“These attempts are being demanded in lieu of the Civil Services Aptitude Test (CSAT) paper, which was introduced in 2011 and has been discriminatory against students coming from rural and regional language background. Aspirants raised slogans against Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) and appealed for justice from the DoPT minister and the Prime Minister. They were later detained and taken to Parliament Street police station,” said Aunrag Nigam, convener of UPSC Aspirants Forum.

The aspirants added that after CSAT began, there was a sharp and continuous decline in students coming from rural India and regional languages. “Students coming from Hindi belt clearing the preliminary stage declined from 35 percent to a 12 percent within two years. The government’s own data and Nigvekar Committee report backs these statistics,” they said.

(Info) Proposal for making attestation process simple and citizen friendly

(Info) Proposal for making attestation process simple and citizen friendly

"Proposal for making attestation process simple and citizen friendly"

The Department of Personnel & Training (DoPT), Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions (Government of India) has decided to review the proposal for making attestation process simple and citizen friendly.

A note on the proposed reforms has been placed on the DoPT's website for comments and comments on the above subject are invited within 15 days.

Current Public Administration Magazine (January - 2016) - Taking pride in prejudice


Sample Material of Current Public Administration Magazine

Social Development


Taking pride in prejudice

When racism plays out in subtle ways in everyday life, it doesn’t provoke debate. It is only when it takes a violent turn, as it did in Bengaluru, that we are forced to address it

It is a time of denial. Barely a month has passed with many flatly refusing to accept that Rohith Vemula’s suicide had something to do with caste discrimination. Now, some politicians are claiming that violence against a Tanzanian woman in Bengaluru has nothing to do with race. Karnataka Home Minister G. Parameshwara said the incident stemmed from “road rage”. A few nights back, a Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh functionary, Rakesh Sinha, said on a television show that “Indians are not racist at all”.

These statements reflect the serious nature of the problem of racism in India: a stubborn refusal to acknowledge something that is so obvious. Perhaps the fact that violent expressions of racism spring up only once in a while allows us to present the problem with other coordinates, such as law and order and road rage. When racism plays out in subtler, less physically damaging ways in everyday life, it doesn’t provoke debate, as this form of racism is internalised. It is only when it takes a violent turn that we are forced to address it.

Current Public Administration Magazine (October - 2015) - Why Legal Pluralism Matters


Sample Material of Current Public Administration Magazine

Social and Legal Issue


Why Legal Pluralism Matters

The best way to reform Mohammedan law is not to reform it at all. Let its inconvenient and archaic features wither away. Once it is accepted that this is the policy, it will wither away fast enough. If there is a frontal attack on personal law, it will survive with a tenacity it has been unable to show in countries where the majority of the population are and always have been Muslims,” said the eminent jurist John Duncan Martin Derrett. The Supreme Court judges should pay heed to these words. In an unprecedented move, a two-judge bench has suo moto ordered the registration of a PIL to examine the constitutionality of discriminatory Muslim law. The attorney general has asserted that it is not a matter for the court to decide, but for Parliament to debate.

There is a state of confusion on the uniform civil code (UCC). A few months ago, while a Central government appointed committee advocated uniformity in civil laws, the Kerala High Court refused to even examine the discriminatory nature of Muslim personal law (MPL) on the issue of inheritance and opined that these questions, including the UCC, should be best left to the legislature. Surprisingly, the Central government in paragraph 13 of its counter-affidavit before the Kerala HC explicitly stated, “it is the consistent policy of the Central government not to interfere in the personal laws of minorities, unless necessary initiative for such changes comes from a sizeable cross sections of such communities”. The Narendra Modi government would find it extremely difficult to take a different position in the apex court.

It is an erroneous perception that we in India have different personal laws because of religious diversity. As a matter of fact, the laws differ from state to state. It seems the framers of the Constitution did not intend total uniformity in the sense of “one law for the whole country”, because the power to legislate in respect of personal laws has been given to both Parliament as well as the state legislative assemblies.

(Current Affairs) Sports | March - 2016

Sports

Sania Mirza and Martina Hingis equaled record for longest winning streak in doubles

  • Sania Mirza and her Swiss partner Martina Hingis have equalled the record for the longest women’s doubles winning streak by advancing to the WTA Sydney International semifinals with a straight-set win.
  • The top seeds got the better of China’s Chen Liang and Shuai Peng 6-2, 6-3 in less than an hour and remain on course for a second successive title this year.
  • With Wednesday’s result, Mirza and Hingis won their 28th consecutive match to equal the record set by Puerto Rican Gigi Fernandez and Belarus’ Natasha Zvereva in 1994.

Messi got record fifth Ballon d’or

  • Barcelona forward Lionel Messi won his fifth world player of the year crown at theFIFA Ballon d’Or ceremony
  • He pipped current holder and three time winner Cristiano Ronaldo, as well as his Barcelona teammate Neymar, to the award.
  • Messi and Ronaldo, 30, have hogged the Ballon d’Or between them since 2008.
  • Barca’s Luis Enrique won the coach of the year award at the Ballon d’Or ceremony in Zurich

(Current Affairs) Awards and Prizes | March: 2016

Awards and Prizes

Golden Globe Awards

  • The Revenant, a biographical Western film set in 1823 Montana and South Dakota, bagged three awards — best drama film, best actor in a drama for Leonardo Di Caprio and best director forAlejandro G. Inarritu
  • In the TV realm, Amazon Studio’s Mozart in the Jungle won under the category of best comedy series and best actor in a comedy series for GaelGarcia Bernal. The series is inspired by the Mozartin the Jungle: Sex, Drugs,and Classical Music—oboist Blair Tindall’s 2005memoir.
  • The best motion picture comedy or musical award went to The Mar-tian, leaving behind films like The Big Short, Joy,Spyand Trainwreck.
  • The award for the best actress in a motion picture—drama was won by BrieLarson for Room
  • Actors Jennifer Lawrence and Matt Damon took home the awards for best actress and best actor in a motion picture — comedy for Joy and The Martian.
  • Actress-singer LadyGaga won her first nomination and victory as best actress in a limited series or motion picture for her role as the countess inAmerican Horror Story:Hotel.
  • Sylvester Stallone won the best supporting actor in a motion picture for ‘Creed’; Leonardo Di Caprio bagged the best actor in a drama award for ‘The Revenant’; Kate Winslet fetched the award for best supporting actress in a motion picture for ‘Steve Jobs’.

(Current Affairs) Science & Technology, Defence, Environment | March: 2016

Science & Technology, Defense, Environment

Antartic a may be a place for largest canyon in the world

  • The world’s largest canyon — over 1,000 km long and in places as much as one km deep, — may lie under the Antarctic ice sheet, a team of scientists, including Indian researchers, has revealed.
  • The canyon system is made up of a chain of winding and linear features buried under several kilometres of ice in one of the least unexplored regions of the Earth’s land surface — Princess Elizabeth Land (PEL) in East Antarctica.
  • Very few measurements of the ice thickness have been carried out in this particular area of the Antarctic, which has led to scientists dubbing it one of Antarctica’s two “Poles of Ignorance.”

The Gist of Science Reporter: March 2016


The Gist of Science Reporter: March 2016


Chennai Paying the Price of Flawed Development

Chennai has been living through a nightmare for the past few days. Battered by torrential rains and swamped by swirning masses of water that had nowhere to go, the city and its adjoining areas virtrually hardship to its citizens.

While world leadres were debating in paris on new ways and methodologies to control global warming lesst it lead to rising sea levels and drowining cities, was chennai dispalying to the world a “flash-forward” of the times to comes? Was chennai’s misery on account of climate change? Well, the unprecedented rains could have been due to El nino, which could be a manifestation of climate change.

But more than that a blind run for development at all costs is extacting a heavy cost now. Chennai is situated colse to the cost, in a low laying area that is flat, with many areas just at the sea leval making drainage a challenge even under normal circumstances. So, in a place like chennai if development is pursued with little or no cognisance of the hydrology it is a sure invitation to disasters of this kind.

Under a development overdrive for quite some time, planners and developers have sacificed several natural landmarks for artificial structures. According to the National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM), the city once had a network a about 650 water bodies including big lakes, ponds and storage tanks where rainwater could find temporary refuge before it drained into the ocean. Today, there are only 27 left. And those water bodies that have managed to survive have been drastically emassulated.

The NIDM study also points to the highly altered land use pattern in chennai. It says in some aras “almost 99% of the green cover has been replaced by non-vegetative development”. “As s result , the water – holding capactiy of the city’s surface has gone down drastrically,” the study adds.

The few remaining water storage havens are also heavily choked due to massive infrastructure development happening in and around the city. Chennai’s new airport is built on the floodplains of the River Adyar. An IT corridor and a knowledge corridor consisting of engineering college have been constructed on water bodies. Residential complexes and automobile and telecom SEZs are builton important drainage course and catchments. The natural tendency of water flow has not been taken into account before construction of expressways and bypass rods.

Rampant encroachment of river beds for construction and an increasing population leading to generation of waste & filth and silt & sewage of unmanageble proportion has reduced chennai’s Cooum River into a stringking sewer and sapped the ability of the Adyar River to carry flood water. With hardly any unobstructed channels for the water to get out, the city has no other option than to droun under its own water.

(Current Affairs) India and The World | March: 2016

India & The World

NRIs likely to get Aadhhhaar number

  • The government is considering giving Aadhaar cards to non-resident Indians and a decision on it will be taken soon, External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj said while inviting the diaspora community to actively participate in India’s growth story.
  • Ms. Swaraj said it had been decided that women workers would be al- lowed to go to Gulf countries for employment only through the government agencies to ensure they were not duped by recruiting agents or firms.
  • The PBD, webcast by almost all Indian Missions and Posts, was organised for the first time by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) after the government’s decision to merge Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs (MOIA) with it.
  • Earlier the MOIA used to host the event. January 9 was chosen as the day for PBD as it was on this day in 1915 that Mahatma Gandhi, the “greatest Pravasi,” returned home from South Africa to lead India’s freedom struggle.
  • Asking the diaspora to participate in government’s various flagship programmes including the Skill India, the Digital India and the Clean Ganga initiatives.
  • She said Prime Minister NarendraModi wanted the Aadhaar card scheme to be extended to the NRIs.

(Current Affairs) Economy & Energy | March: 2016

Economy

Before clearing National IPR policy gohhvt. to hold discussions with WIPO

  • Commerce and Industry Ministry will hold discussions with the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO), the global body for promotion and protection of intellectual property rights (IPR), before approaching the cabinet for clearance of the national IPR policy.
  • There will be discussions between the WIPO and the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) on some components of the proposed national IPR policy.
  • These could include ways to integrate a formal awareness strategy into the policy to ensure respect for IPRs, as well as on an effective enforcement framework and capacity building measures.
  • The government's decision to formulate a national IPR policy followed criticism from developed countries, including the US, of India's “weak” IPR system as it allegedly does not do enough to effectively protect IPRs.
  • The U.S. had on January 11 sought public comments for the 2016 version of the Special 301 Report.
  • The report “identifies countries that de ny adequate and effective protection of IPR or deny fair and equitable market access to US persons who rely on IP protection.”
  • Noting America’s concerns on India’s IPR system, the 2015 Special 301 report said India will remain on the ‘Priority Watch List’.

(Result) UPSC: Recruitment of Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner - 2016

(Result) UPSC: Recruitment of Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner - 2016

"UPSC has released Result for Recruitment of Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner. Office Notice is as follows:"

UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION ADVERTISED 170 POSTS OF ASSISTANT PROVIDENT  FUND COMMISSIONER IN EMPLOYEES PROVIDENT FUND ORGANIZATION, MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT VIDE SPECIAL ADVERTISEMENT NO. 52/2015, VACANCY NO.15065201720, PUBLISHED ON 20.06.2015. THE COMMISSION CONDUCTED A RECRUITMENT  TEST ON 10.01.2016. ON THE BASIS OF THE RECRUITMENT TEST, THE COMMISSION HAS  SHORTLISTED CANDIDATES BEARING THE FOLLOWING ROLL NOS. “PROVISIONALLY”. ONLY SUCH CANDIDATES WHO SATISFY/FULFIL ALL THE ELIGIBILITY CONDITIONS SHALL  BE CALLED FOR INTERIVEW.

The Gist of Kurukshetra: March - 2016


The Gist of Kurukshetra: March 2016


Girl Child Issues: Need to Ensure Stringent Policies

India is growing dynamically in every field. Today, the boom in economy, innovative technologies and improved infrastructure has become nation’s pride. The country has witnessed advancements in all fields but bias against girl child is a serious matter to be looked into urgently. Girl Child is the pride and dignity of our nation. The right and prompt opportunity to be born, chance to grow in a safe and secure environment, opportunity to develop own full potential are some of the major issues concerning the girl children in India. There are many problems that a girl child undergo in her life which subsequently hinder her empowerment. There are several institutions (Government and nongovernment) that are attempting to bring in changes in practices related with discrimination against the Girl Child in India. Discrimination against a girl child begins in the mother’s womb, when she is deprived of her right to live. Census data suggests that the necessity for a male child, a deep rooted cultural need, has not only lived through the years but has also increased by many points. Simple techniques allow easy determination of sex of the foetus. The practice of female foeticide is widespread despite it being an illegal activity. Modernisation, growth and education were expected to create a safe and healthy environment for the girl child, but the country is witnessing the opposite. Actions have been taken in the form of laws, schemes and awareness campaigns by both the government and the independent bodies. However, one needs to look into effectiveness of all such initiatives and parameters that could be used to measure the same.

(Current Affairs) International Events | March: 2016

International Events

WHO declares end to Ebola

  • The World Health Organisation declared an end to the deadliest Ebola outbreak ever after no new cases emerged in Liberia, though health officials warn that it will be several more months before the world is considered free of the disease that claimed more than 11,300 lives over two years.
  • Success comes after a harrowing toll: nearly 23,000 children lost at least one parent or caregiver.
  • Some 17,000 survivors are trying to resume their lives though many battle mysterious, lingering side effects. Studies continue to uncover new information about how long Ebola can last in bodily fluids.
  • Liberia, which along with Sierra Leone and Guinea was an epicentre of the latest outbreak, was first declared free of the disease last May, but new cases emerged two times forcing officials there to restart the clock.

(Current Affairs) National Events | March: 2016

National Events

FS level talks between India and Pak rescheduleds

  • After days of suspense, India and Pakistan agreed on Thursday to put off talks between the Foreign Secretaries that were due to be held on Friday in Islamabad.
  • the postponement of talks to a later date is a matter of “mutual convenience”, but the announcement at the last hour indicated that India had held out for more action from Pakistan against the perpetrators of the Pathankot attack before deciding to put off the talks that had been announced by Pakistan for January 15.
  • However, despite media reports quoting several police and intelligence officials on the “protective detention” and questioning of JeM founder Masood Azhar, there was no confirmation from the Pakistani government of this.
  • India had noted the Pakistan government’s discussion on sending a Special Investigation Team comprising a six-man investigation committee including ISI and Military intelligence officials.

The Gist of Press Information Bureau (PIB): March 2016


The Gist of Press Information Bureau: March 2016


NSCN (K) as terrorist organization under UAPA

The Government has declared the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (Khaplang), NSCN (K), all its formations and front organizations as a terrorist organization under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967. A Gazette Notification issued on November 6, 2015 mentions that the NSCN (K), a militant outfit, came into existence in 1988 and is active along the Indo-Myanmar border. NSCN (K) has resorted to terrorism by killing innocent civilians and security forces and engaged in other violent activities including the June 4, 2015 attack on the Army convoy in Chandel district of Manipur.

Qaumi Ekta Week

With a view to foster and reinforce the spirit of Communal Harmony, National Integration and pride in vibrant, composite culture and nationhood, the “Qaumi Ekta Week” (National Integration Week) was observed all over the country, from tomorrow to 25th November, 2015. The National Foundation for Communal Harmony (NFCH), an autonomous organisation with the Ministry of Home Affairs, organises Communal Harmony Campaign coinciding with the Qaumi Ekta Week and observes the Communal Harmony Flag Day on 25th November. The Foundation promotes Communal Harmony and strengthens National Integration. It also provides financial assistance for relief and rehabilitation of children rendered orphan or destitute in communal, caste, ethnic or terrorist violence.

The observation of the ‘Quami Ekta Week’ helped to highlight the inherent strength and resilience of our nation to withstand actual and potential threats to the eclectic and secular fabric of our country, and nurture a spirit of communal harmony in its widest sense. This occasion also provides an opportunity to reaffirm age old traditions and faith in the values of tolerance, co-existence and brotherhood in a multi-cultural and multi-religious society.

IBSA Fund for the Alleviation of Poverty and Hunger

The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has approved the signing of the Tripartite Agreement among India, Brazil and South Africa (IBSA), on the IBSA Fund for the Alleviation of Poverty and Hunger. The decision will help in strengthening the IBSA Fund which is a unique vehicle in the context of South-South cooperation. The IBSA countries contribute US$ 1 million each annually to the Fund, which till January 2015 has accumulated to US$ 28.2 million, with total implemented/approved projects commitment of US$ 26.2 million, and remaining US$ 2.09 million available for programming. India on its part has contributed US$ 9.1 million so far to the Fund.

The IBSA Fund undertakes development projects in third countries. The first project to be financed by the IBSA Fund was in support of agriculture and livestock development. The IBSA Fund was conferred the South-South Partnership Award at the 2006 UN Day event held in New York in December 2006. This indicates the importance and recognition of the IBSA Fund in the context of South-South developmental cooperation.
The IBSA Fund for the Alleviation of Poverty and Hunger was set up in 2004 as one of the three pillars of cooperation under the IBSA Dialogue Forum. The other two pillars are consultation and coordination on global political issues and trilateral collaboration in concrete areas and projects. The IBSA Dialogue Forum launched in June 2003, was conceived as a forum for cooperation among three vibrant democracies of the South that are recognized as having global relevance and impact. All three are developing nations with pluralistic, multi-cultural, multi-ethnic, multi-lingual and multi-religious societies.

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