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(Online Course) GS Concepts : Energy - Wind Energy Programme in India
Subject : Environment
Chapter : Energy
Topic: Wind Energy Programme in India
The Wind power programme in India was initiated towards the end
of the Sixth Plan, in 1983-84. A market-oriented strategy was adopted from
inception, which has led to the successful commercial development of the
technology. The broad based National programme includes wind resource assess-ment
activities; research and development support; implementation of demonstration
projects to create awareness and opening up of new sites; involvement of
utilities and industry; development of infrastructure capability and capacity
for manufacture, installation, operation and maintenance of wind electric
generators; and policy support. The programme aims at catalyzing
commercialisation of wind power generation in the country. The Wind Resources
Assessment Programme is being implemented through the State Nodal Agencies,
Field Research Unit of Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM-FRU) and
Center for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET).
Wind in India are influenced by the strong south-west summer monsoon, which
starts in May-June, when cool, humid air moves towards the land and the weaker
north-east winter monsoon, which starts in October, when cool, dry sir moves
towards the ocean. During the period march to August, the winds are uniformly
strong over the whole Indian Peninsula, except the eastern peninsular coast.
Wind speeds during the period November to march are relatively weak, though
higher winds are available during a part of the period on the Tamil Nadu
coastline.
A notable feature of the Indian programme has been the interest among private
investors/developers in setting up of commercial wind power projects. The gross
potential is 48,561 MW (source C-wet) and a total of about 14,158.00 MW of
commercial projects have been established until March 31, 2011.
The break-up of projects implemented in prominent wind potential states (as on
March 31, 2011) is as given below
State-wise Wind Power Installed Capacity In India
State |
Gross Potential (MW) |
Total Capacity (MW) till 31.03.2011 |
Andhra Pradesh | 8968 | 200.2 |
Gujarat | 10,645 | 2175.6 |
Karnataka | 11,531 | 1730.1 |
Kerala | 1171 | 32.8 |
Madhya Pradesh | 1019 | 275.5 |
Maharashtra | 4584 | 2310.7 |
Orissa | 255 | -- |
Rajasthan | 4858 | 1524.7 |
Tamil Nadu | 5530 | 5904.4 |
Others | 4 | |
Total (All India) |
*Recently revised by state Government to 5200 MW
Wind power potential has been assessed assuming 1% of land availability for wind
farms requiring @12 ha/MW in sites having wind power density in excess of 200 W/sq.m.
at 50 m hub-height
State-Wise Cumulative Wind Generation Data in (BU) (As on 31.01.2011)
S. No | Name of the State | up to 2005 | 2005-06 | 2006-07 | 2007-08 | 2008-09 | 2009-10 | up to Jan 2012 | Cumulative |
1 | AndhraPradesh | 0.721 | 0.079 | 0.111 | 0.101 | 0.333 | .106 | .067 | 1.518 |
2 | Gujarat | 1.332 | 0.286 | 0.455 | 0.851 | 2.104 | 2.988 | 2.309 | 10.325 |
3 | Karnataka | 1.409 | 0.935 | 1.397 | 1.840 | 1.723 | 2.895 | 2.362 | 12.561 |
4 | Kerala | 0.047 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | .065 | .059 | 0.171 |
5 | MadhyaPradesh | 0.300 | 0.030 | 0.070 | 0.069 | 0.003 | .082 | .039 | 0.593 |
6 | Maharashtra | 2.650 | 0.790 | 1.714 | 1.804 | 2.207 | 2.778 | 2.368 | 14.311 |
7 | Rajasthan | 0.494 | 0.427 | 0.532 | 0.682 | 0.758 | 1.127 | 1.049 | 5.069 |
8 | TamilNadu | 11.970 | 3.444 | 5.268 | 6.066 | 6.206 | 8.146 | 8.017 | 49.117 |
Total | 18.925 | 5.991 | 9.547 | 11.413 | 13.334 | 18.187 | 16.270 | 93.665 |
Installed Capacity Per State (MW)
State | March 2011 | March 2010 | March 2009 | March 2008 | March 2007 | March 2006 |
Tamilnadu | 5904.4 | 4907 | 4304.5 | 3873.4 | 3492.7 | 2894.6 |
Karnataka | 1730 | 1473 | 1327.4 | 1011.4 | 821.1 | 584.5 |
Maharashtra | 2310.8 | 2078 | 1938.9 | 1755.9 | 1487.7 | 1001.3 |
Rajasthan | 1524.8 | 1088 | 738.4 | 538.8 | 469.8 | 358.1 |
AndhraPradesh | 200.2 | 236 | 122.5 | 122.5 | 122.5 | 121.1 |
MadhyaPradesh | 275.5 | 229 | 212.8 | 187.7 | 57.3 | 40.3 |
Kerala | 32.8 | 28 | 27.0 | 10.5 | 2 | 2 |
Gujarat | 2175.5 | 1864 | 1566.5 | 1252.9 | 636.6 | 338 |
Others | 0 | 4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
Total | 14158 | 11807 | 10242.3 | 8754.0 | 7090.8 | 5341 |