(Online Course) History for IAS Mains: Aryans and Vedic Period - Expansions of Aryans in India
Aryans and Vedic Period
Topic: Expansions of Aryans in India.
Question : Throw light on geographical expansion of Vedic Aryans?
It is on the basis of Authority of Rig-Veda we find general description about the region of the Rig-Vedic Aryans. The Rig Veda gives reference to 42 rivers among them 19 has been described. It is on the basis of the geographical location of the rivers we can described about the geographical location of Vedic Aryans. As well as Rig-Veda mention about western tributary to the river Indus. These were Subasto (swat). Susma (sohan),
During later Vedic phase Vedic Aryans were settled in upper Gangetic basis. We come to know about the Kuru tribes which was the product of assimilation between two Rig-Vedic tribes Bharation and Purus, that they were settled in the upper part of upper Gangetic basis. Like wise on the basis of later Vedic literature we are informed that panchalayas were settled in middle part of the upper Gangetic basis. Later Vedic Aterya Brahmanas. According to Aterya Brahmanas the Aryans were settled in region between the river Yamuna and Ganga. Then Tateriya Arenyka give greater importance to the region between Yamuna and Ganga it means as Saptsandhna region was the nuclear of Vedic civilization so was the region between Yamuna and Ganga for have Vedic civilization then the end of later Vedic period of civilization drifted further to the east and the by side of the river Sarayu koshala state was founded, by the side of river Varnwati the state of Kashi was founded and by side of river Sadanira Viseha the state of Videha Madhawa came into existence. A later Vedic text Salpath Bhraman gives us the information that the region near river Sadanira was cleared by Videha madhawa through fire. In this way the river Sadanira (Gandak) become the eastern boundary. One later Vedic text Atharwaveda for the first time mentioned about the region Magadha and Anga. But these region remain outside the pale of Aryadom.
Whatever information have given by later Vedic literature are being coroborated by PGW sites as well. We have observed a large no. of PGW sites in upper Gangetic basin. From these sites first evidence of iron was unearthed so this sites should have been associated with later Vedic phase so on the basis of literary and Archaeological evidence are come to know during Rig-Vedic phase the geographical expansion were confined to the region between Easter Afganistan and river Yamuna. Up to this end of Vedic phase it reached up to the river Sadanira (Gandak) in the eastern.