Current Affairs for IAS Exams - 04 October 2022


Current Affairs for IAS Exams - 04 October 2022

::NATIONAL::

Indigenous toys to promote learning in anganwadicentres

  • Ministry of Women and Child Development (MoWCD) has deployed a novel method of promoting indigenous toys for learning among very young children.

About:

  • It includes terracotta toys from Gujarat, Kondapalli and Etikoppaka toys of Andhra Pradesh, Channapatna toys of Karnataka, and Bamboo toys of Tripura.
  • These local, indigenous and DIY (do it yourself) toys are used in anganwadi centers to educate children and their families about healthy living and good nutritional practices.
  • MoWCD has compiled a State-wise national repository of indigenous toys and shared with States and UTs.

Benefits of Learning with Toys:

  • Promotion of experiential learning, teamwork and social interaction
  • Better learning outcomes in mathematics, languages, science etc.
  • Connect students with their own cultural heritage
  • Boost the local toy industry through demand creation
  • Promote Innovation and Entrepreneurship in toys sector

Child Welfare Committee (CWC)

  • Government has notified Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection Amendment) Model Amendment Rules, 2022 that bar a person associated with an organization receiving foreign funds to be a part of Child Welfare Committee (CWC).

About:

  • CWCs were established under Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 for Children in need and care of protection.

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::INTERNATIONAL::

Ocean Observing System Report Card 2022

  • Report has been released annually since 2017 in partnership with Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC-UNESCO) and other Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) partners.

About: 

  • GOOS is a permanent global system for observations, modeling, and analysis of marine and ocean data.
  • It highlighted biological observations for the first time and identifies gap in system.
  • It pointed at inequality in operational services across oceans like Indian, Atlantic and Southern Ocean.

Crucial findings of the report: 

  • Oceans take up 26% of 40 gigatons of carbon emitted to atmosphere annually (48% remains in atmosphere while terrestrial biosphere takes rest).
  • Only 5% cent of platforms at sea carry biogeochemical sensor, including carbon dioxide sensors.
  • Argo profiling float array is providing 15% less data as compared to pre-pandemic

Palm oil Alliance

  • It is formed by apex edible oil industry associations of five major palm oil importing countries, including- India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal.

About Palm oil:

  • It is edible vegetable oil produced from palm fruit of ElaeisGuineensis (African oil Palm) or Elaeis Oleifera (indigenous to South and Central America).
  • It is rich in Vitamin A and E with no trans fatty acids; commonly used in food products and industrial applications.

Key highlights: 

  • Asia accounts for 40% of global palm oil demand with India as largest importer accounting for nearly 15% (13-14 million tonnes).

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::ECONOMY::

Market-Based Economic Dispatch Mechanism

  • Ministry of Power has proposed to move towards a centralized power model through Market-Based Economic Dispatch (MBED)Mechanism.

About:

  • MBED is an electricity market operations reform for dispatching the entire annual electricity consumption through a central market operator.
  • Currently, India follows decentralized power model under the Electricity Act, 2003.
  • It aims to move towards a “One Nation, One Grid, One Frequency, One Price” framework.

Benefits: 

  • Reduced power purchase cost,
  • To increase the grid flexibility to facilitate renewable energy generation etc.

State Concerns: 

  • The loss of autonomy, 

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::SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY::

Coffee Ring Effect 

  • Researchers have given new insights on the ‘coffee-ring effect’.

About:

  • For about two decades now, the ‘coffee ring effect’ has been known as when a drop of spilt coffee dries up, the outermost edge of the dried drop is a little darker than the centre, forming a darker ‘ring’.
  • This is caused by the outward drift of suspended coffee particles from the centre, causing a denser, darkened rim.
  • Now, researchers from Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, have shown that after reaching the rim, as the drop dries, some of the particles undergo an inward drift too.

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