General Knowledge for IAS Exams (Indian Polity and Governance)

JURISDICTION AND SEAT OF HIGH COURTS

India has unified judiciary system and S.C. is at the apex. It is the final interpretor of the constitution. The Supreme Court of India consists of 31 Judges (including the Chief Justice of India). The judges hold office until they attain the age of 65 years. The Supreme Court of India has original jurisdiction in any dispute arising:

(a) between the Government of India and one or more States or
(b) between the Government of India and any State or States on the one side and one or more states on the other or
(c) between two or more States.

There are 21 High Courts in the country, three having jurisdiction over more than one State. Among the Union Territories, Delhi alone has a High Court of its own. Each High Court, comprises a Chief Justice and such other Judges as the President may, from time of time appoint. The Chief justice of a High Court is appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the State. They hold office upto 62 years of age. To be eligible for appointment as a judge, one must be a citizen of India and should have held a judicial office in India for 10 years or must have practiced as an advocate of a High Court or two or more such courts in succession for a similar period.

Jurisdiction and Seat of High Courts

• Originally known as Assam High Court, renamed as Guwahati High Court in 1971.
• Originally known as Mysore High Court, renamed as Karnataka High Court in 1973.
• Originally known as Punjab High Court, renamed as Punjab and Haryana High Court in 1966

The structure and functions of subordinate courts are more or less uniform throughout the country. The district judge appointed by governor. The National Judicial Academy has been set up by the Government of India to provide in-service training to Judicial Officers. The Academy is located in Bhopal with its registered office in New Delhi.

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