IGNOU HISTORY NOTES : History Of China and Japan (1840-1949) - The Chinese Revolution

IGNOU HISTORY Study Notes for IAS, UPSC Exams

History Of China and Japan (1840-1949)

The Chinese Revolution

Structure

35.0 Objectives
35.1 lnttoduction
35.2 Some Observations
35.3 Post-war Situation and Political Forces in China
35.4 Outbreak of the Civil War
35.5 KMT Mensives and their Defeat : 1946-1947
35.6 Communist Victories (1 94849)
35.7 Difficulties for the New Regime
35.8 New Regime : Eqonomic, Political and Social Framework
35.8.1 Lond Reforms
35.8.2 Industry
35.8.3 Social Change
35.9 Significana of the Chinese Revolution
35.10 Let Us Sum Up
35.11 Key Words
35.12 Answers to Check Your Progress Exercises

35.0 OBJECTIVES

After reading this Unit you will be able to:

identify the political forces active in China after the Second World War.
learn about the civil war in India
know the reasons for the defeat of KMT,
identify the difficulties faced by the Communist regime,
understand the economic, political and social framework of the new regime, and
assess the significance of the Chinese Revolution.

35.1 INTRODUCTION

This Unit detils with the pqriod between from 1945 to 1949. That is from the date of
the surrender of Japan up to the period when foundation of the Peoples' Republic of
China was formally proclaimed. These four years marked a period of dvil war
between the forces of the Kuomintang and the Communists. The civil war ended
with the victory of the Communists. A new regime, based on peoples7 democracy,
was thus established in China. After taking into amount these aspects the Unit also
discusses the difficulties faced by the new regime and the econom'ic. social and
political framework adopted thereby.