IGNOU HISTORY NOTES : History Of Modern Europe (Mid 18th to 20th Centuries)- NATIONALISM AND THE NATION- STATE

IGNOU HISTORY Study Notes for IAS, UPSC Exams

History Of Modern Europe Mid 18th to Mid 20th Centuries

NATIONALISM AND THE NATION- STATE

Structure

P6.0 Objectives
16.1 Introduction
16.2 The Meaning of Nationalism
16.3 Idea of Nationalism and Nation-State
16.4 Stages in the Development of Nationalism
16.4.1 Nationalism before 1789: Proto-nationalism
16.4.2 Modem Nationalism: the Nineteenth Century
16.5 How Nationalism and the Modern State Create the Nation-State
16.5.1 Absolutism and Modem State
16.5.2 Modem State and System of States
.16.5.3 Nations and Nation-States ,
16.6 Relation between Democratic and Nationalist Mobilizations
16.6.1 Liberal Democracies and Nationalism
16.6.2 Factors Affecting National Mobilization and Democratization
16.6.3 Ethnic-Linguistic Basis of Nationalism in the Late Nineteenth Century
16.6.4 Nationalist Movements and Democracy
16.7 Nat~onalism, and Social Class: Germany and Britain
16.8 Italian Nationalism and Popular Mobilization
16.9 Phases of National Identity Development : Eastern Europe
16.9.1 Cultural Nationalism: Phase A and B . .
16.9.2 Spread of National Idea and Nationalism
16.10 Let Us sum Up
16.1 1 Answers to Check Your Progress Exercises

16.0 OBJECTIVES

After reading this Unit you shall be ahle to learn:

how the ideas of nationalism evolved in Europe;
the role of nationalism and modern state in creating the nation-state;
the role of language and democratic politics in mobilizing people and fostering the growth of nationalism and nation-state; and
phases in development of national identities in some Eastern European countries.

16.1 INTRODUCTION

National~sm is a modern phenomenon. Even though its idea can be traced back in time,
national~sm in the modern sense emerged only during the eighteenth century in western Europe.
During the 19th and 20th centuries it spread throughout the world. Natioeism aligned with
the modern state in g~ving rise to nation-state. In certain cases, the modern state fostered a
sp~rit of ~iat~onalism to provide Ule people inhahiting its boundaries with a viable nationalist
ideology. Both together gave rise popular mobilizations which further strengthened the state
and helped the formation of nation-states.