Weekly Current Affairs Update for IAS Exam VOL. - 60 (19th January 2015 TO 25th January 2015)

Weekly Current Affairs Update for IAS Exam

VOL. - 60 (19th January 2015 TO 25th January 2015)

Issue : VOL. - 60 (19th January 2015 TO 25th January 2015)

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Covered Topics:

:: PIB ::

Text of Statement To Media By The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, during the visit of President of Sri Lanka, Shri Maithripala Sirisena, to India It is a great pleasure and privilege to welcome President Maithripala Sirisena and Mrs. Sirisena to India. We are honoured that you have chosen India as your first overseas destination. Let me congratulate you on behalf of the people of India for your historic victory. The election reflects the strength of democracy in Sri Lanka. Your mandate carries the collective voice of Sri Lanka. It represents the aspirations of your people for a united, inclusive peaceful and prosperous nation.

India is Sri Lanka’s closest neighbour and friend. The goodwill and support of the people of India will always be with you. The timeless links of history, religion and culture provide a solid foundation of our partnership. We also share a broad range of interests - economic development for our countries; peace and prosperity in South Asia; maritime security in the region. Indeed, I believe that our destinies are inter-linked. Our security and prosperity are indivisible.

President Sirisena and I had excellent discussions today on our bilateral relations and international issues. President and I are committed to unlock the vast potential of our economic cooperation. We are pleased to be Sri Lanka’s largest trading partner. I know that India enjoys a huge trade surplus. I expressed my support for a more balanced growth in trade in both directions. I conveyed our readiness to promote greater flow of Indian investments and tourists into Sri Lanka. We discussed expansion of cooperation in energy sector, both conventional and renewable. Our Commerce Secretaries will meet soon to review our bilateral commercial relations. We also intend to further improve air and sea connectivity between India and Sri Lanka. The bilateral agreement on civil nuclear cooperation is yet another demonstration of our mutual trust. This is the first such agreement Sri Lanka has signed. It opens new avenues for cooperation, including in areas like agriculture and healthcare.

:: NITI AAYOG ::

PM’s interaction with economists at NITI Aayog

PM emphasizes need for cooperative federalism, favours healthy competition for development among states Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, today interacted with eminent economists at NITI Aayog. This was the Prime Minister’s first visit to NITI Aayog.

In his opening remarks, the Prime Minister noted that one of the objectives of NITI Aayog was to establish a dynamic institutional mechanism where eminent individuals outside the Government system could contribute to policy making.

Setting the tone for the interaction, the Prime Minister emphasized on the need for cooperative federalism, and added that he favoured healthy competition for development among states.

The Prime Minister said India must develop fast, taking advantage of current global environment, to meet the aspirations of the people. The Prime Minister spoke of the Government‘s recent initiatives, including the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, direct cash transfer of LPG subsidy, and Swachh Bharat.

The Prime Minister said he looked forward to the interaction and suggestions from the eminent gathering.

The Finance Minister Shri Arun Jaitley and the Vice Chairman of NITI Aayog Shri Arvind Panagariya also made brief opening remarks.

The economists present at the interaction were Shri Vijay Kelkar, Shri Nitin Desai, Shri Bimal Jalan, Shri Rajiv Lall, Shri R. Vaidyanathan, Shri Subir Gokarn, Shri Parthasarathi Shome, Shri P. Balakrishnan, Shri Rajiv Kumar, Shri Ashok Gulati, Shri Mukesh Butani and Shri G.N. Bajpai.

:: National News ::

Pahlaj Nihalani is censor board chief

  • The government put in place an entirely new censor board with producer Pahlaj Nihalani as its chairperson. Mr. Nihalani, known for the 1990s blockbusters Shola aur Shabnam and Aankhen , produced “Har Ghar Modi-The Power House of India,” a fan-song for Prime Minister Narendra Modi, last year.

  • The new board also features Dr. Chandra Prakash Dwivedi, best known for his epic TV serial Chanakya and the critically acclaimed, national award winning Partition film Pinjar , based on Amrita Pritam’s novel of the same name.

  • Other board members include Gujarat Central University Vice-Chancellor Syed Abdul Bari, besides film and theatre personalities who are either BJP members or have had close association with the party.

  • BJP national secretary Vani Tripathy Tikoo, who has acted in films like Chalte Chalte and Dushman , and Bengali actor George Baker, who joined the BJP last year, were appointed members of the board.

  • Mr. Baker contested from the Howrah parliamentary constituency in last year’s general elections but lost to Prasun Banerjee of the Trinamool Congress.

  • Ashoke Pandit, Kashmiri activist and filmmaker, known for films like And the World Remained Silent and Sheen also found a place on the revamped censor board. Another new appointee, Ramesh Patange, is a Dalit RSS activist and author of Me, Manu anee Sangh (I, Manu, and Sangh).

  • Tamil actor and former AIADMK MLA S.Ve. Shekher and Telugu actor Jeevitha were also appointed members of the board for three years.

  • Ms Jeevitha is fighting a cheque bounce case in which she was sentenced to two years in prison and fined Rs. 25 lakh, which she paid.

Rajni Kothari was the first to foresee caste factor

  • Rajni Kothari, preeminent political theorist and activist, who in the 1960s developed the idea of the ‘Congress system’ to explain the party’s umbrella character that accommodated multiple interests within its fold, is no more. He was in his mid-80s and ailing for several years.

  • Numerous books and commentaries that combined empirical research and theoretical originality make Mr. Kothari possibly the most influential thinker on the development of the Indian political system.

  • Being an academic did not restrain him from donning an activist cap, and Mr. Kothari was an active participant in politics, most remarkably through his association with the People’s Union for Civil Liberties.

  • He had an enduring influence on the study of Indian politics with his many books, especially, his magnum opus, ‘Politics in India’, and also ‘Caste in Indian Politics, and Rethinking Development: In Search of Humane Alternatives’.

  • Mr. Kothari founded the Centre for the Study of Developing Society in 1963 in Delhi, which grew as a premier institute, where a galaxy of India’s social scientists was based. He was also chairman of the Indian Council of Social Science Research, and in various capacities, mentored several generations of Indian social scientists.

Haryana’s decision to reduce retirement age to 58 upheld

  • The retirement age of Haryana government employees now stands reduced to 58 years from 60 years as the Punjab and Haryana High Court has upheld the decision of the Manohar Lal Khattar government to the effect.

  • The decision is likely to impact nearly 5,000 of the 3 lakh employees on an immediate basis.

  • Government sources had earlier claimed that while the reduction in retirement age would result in an additional burden of Rs. 200 crore on the exchequer on immediate basis it would prove beneficial in the long run as it would lead to more job opportunities at the entry level.

  • It was on November 25 that Mr. Khattar had announced the reduction in retirement age of employees.

1-crore award for villages attaining balanced sex ratio

  • Union Minister for Women and Child Development Maneka Gandhi announced a Rs. 1-crore award for any innovative village attaining a balanced sex ratio.

  • At the inaugural session of a national thematic workshop on woman and child development in Panipat, Ms. Gandhi urged the State governments and the district commissioners and other officials to work together for the success of the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (Save daughter, educate daughter) programme to be launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi .

  • Ms. Gandhi said the Prime Minister chose Haryana to launch the campaign as it was one of the States with a low female sex ratio. One hundred districts with a low female sex ratio were selected nationwide for the campaign, and 12 of them, including Panipat, were in Haryana.

Periyar Tiger Reserve wins NTCA award

  • The Periyar Tiger Reserve, spread over 925 sq.km. in Kerala, bagged the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) biennial award for encouraging local public participation in managing the reserve.
  • There are 75 communities living around the reserve, including tribal people who are dependent on eco-development programmes.
  • The community-based eco-tourism activities helped visitors and there were night scouting programmes with the help of expert trackers as well. Tourism was supplemented by pepper growing and marketing which was a value addition. Now, self-help groups were involved in honey processing and other income-generating activities.

e-auction of 46 coal blocks to begin

  • The government has begun re-allocating cancelled coal blocks. E-auction, in two phases, of 46 coal mines would begin on February 14. While 23 Schedule II mines (those that are producing already) would be auctioned between February 14 and March 5, another 23 blocks, falling under Schedule III (ready to produce), would be put on offer between February 25 and March 5.

  • Started with 42 mines in Schedule II and 32 mines in Schedule III. Subsequently, 27 mines were transferred from Schedule I (all 204 mines) to Schedule III, and this took thereby taking the number to 101. However, with three mines falling in the ‘no go’ areas, the effective number of mines would be 98.

Cabinet panel plans strategy to legislate ordinances

  • The Budget session of Parliament, as is customary, will be held in two parts: the recess will start on March 20 and Parliament will reconvene on April 20.
  • The session will end on May 8. The Railway budget will be presented on February 26 and the Economic Survey the next day.
  • The debate on the Motion of Thanks to the President’s Address has been fixed for February 24 and 25.

New Chief Justice for J&K High Court

  • Justice N. Paul Vasanthakumar, judge of the Madras High Court, has been elevated as the Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court.
  • Justice Vasanthakumar, who is from Marthandam in Kanyakumari district on Tamil Nadu, had been a lawyer for 25 years. He was made an Additional Judge of the Madras High Court on December 10, 2005, and appointed permanent judge on April 20, 2007.
  • He disposed of 92,000 petitions as a judge of the Madras High Court and delivered several landmark judgments.

:: International News ::

Germany eager to join ‘Make in India’ initiative

  • German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble expressed interest in working with India in the manufacturing sector, especially in the auto and solar energy industries, at a meeting with business lobby Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) .The German minister is scheduled to hold talks with Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley .

  • Dr. Schäuble’s positive note on German manufacturing industry’s readiness to participate in the ‘Make in India’ policy comes close on the heels of U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry’s voicing of the Obama administration’s worries over the initiative.

  • Mr. Modi is scheduled to jointly inaugurate the Hannover trade fair along with German Chancellor Angela Merkel during his visit to Germany in April 2015.

India is world’s second most trusting nation: survey

  • Moving up the ranks, India has emerged as the second most trusted country in the world in terms of faith reposed on its institutions even as globally trust levels have fallen, says a survey.

  • As the world’s rich and powerful gather in the Swiss resort of Davos, a study by public relations firm Edelman has found that general level of trust in institutions among college-educated people around the globe are at levels not seen since 2009 in many of the markets it surveyed.

  • Trust in institutions in India has improved sharply in 2015 with the country moving up three notches to the second place among 27 nations.

  • While the number of “truster” countries are at an all-time low of six in 2015 including UAE, India, China and Netherlands, the number of “distruster” countries has grown significantly to 13 including Japan, Russia, Hong Kong, South Africa and Italy.

  • Brazil, Malaysia, France and the US are among the 8 “neutral” nations as per the trust index, the survey said.

  • India, which last year saw the BJP-led NDA government storming to power at the Centre, stands tall.

  • According to the report, an “alarming evaporation of trust” has happened across all institutions, reaching the lows of the Great Recession in 2009.

  • Trust in government, business, media and NGOs in the general population is below 50 per cent in two-thirds of countries, including the U.S., U.K. and Germany, it said.

  • From fifth most trusted in 2014, India has now become the second-most trusted in 2015 with a score of 79 per cent in the barometer. The study has put India Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s image on the first page.

:: Business and Economy ::

Amazon gets into movie production

  • Amazon Studios announced that it will significantly expand into movie production by acquiring films for theatrical release and early-window streaming through its subscription service, Amazon Prime Instant Video.
  • A key part of the new venture is to shrink what’s historically been a three-month window reserved for theatres, instead getting movies to its website four to eight weeks after theatrical release.
  • Roy Price, vice president of Amazon Studios, said the company’s goal is to produce 12 movies a year, with production beginning later this year.

India to beat China in growth in 2016: IMF

  • “India will grow at 6.3% in 2015, up from 5.8% in 2014”
  • The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has projected India to grow at 6.5 per cent in 2016, overtaking China whose growth was forecast to slow down to 6.3 per cent.
  • In its World Economic Outlook report released , the IMF forecast that India would grow at 6.3 per cent in 2015, up from 5.8 per cent in 2014. China’s 2014 growth rate was 7.4 per cent.
  • In another forecast released , the United Nations World Economic Situation and Prospects (U.N. WESP) report predicted a smart recovery for India in 2015.
  • It pegged its 2015 India growth forecast lower than the IMF’s — at 5.9 per cent. At 6.3 per cent, the UN WESP’s 2016 India growth forecast is, however, closer to that of the IMF.

Bajaj group to release book

  • The Bajaj group will release a book, commemorating the birth centenary of Kamalnayan Bajaj.
  • Titled ‘Kamalnayan Bajaj — Architect of the Bajaj Group’ and written by noted business historian Gita Piramal, the book traces the struggles, tribulations and emergence of one of the largest business houses in India and captures the spirit of the country in challenging times while profiling one of the giants of Indian industry.
  • From a trading group whose reins he took over from his father Jamnalal Bajaj, the group founding, till his passing in 1972, Kamalnayan (Kakaji) Bajaj transformed the group to being among the top 20 industrial houses in the country.

:: Science and Technology ::

Novo Nordisk launches Ryzodeg in India

  • Denmark based pharmaceutical firm Novo Nordisk on Monday launched it’s combination diabetic drug Ryzodeg, priced at Rs.1,595 for 300 units, for people with Type-II diabetes in India.
  • Apart from India, Ryzodeg has been approved for marketing in Aruba, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, EU, Hong Kong, Iceland, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Macedonia, Mexico, Norway, Russia, South Korea and Switzerland, Novo Nordisk said.
  • As Ryzodeg is a combination product, it requires fewer daily injections than administering basal and mealtime insulin in separate injections.

GPS tracking devices to monitor Obama convoy

  • Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking devices and satellite images would be used by intelligence and security agencies to keep a constant watch on the movements of U.S. President Barack Obama’s convoy during his visit.

  • It is learnt that a dedicated joint control room consisting of senior Indian and U.S. security officials has been set up to monitor the security arrangements for Mr. Obama. A part of ITC Maurya, where the U.S. President will stay, has been converted into a control room.

  • As a precautionary measure, agencies may block public access to online GPS maps of about a dozen places in Delhi, which Mr. Obama is scheduled to visit. GPS maps of all venues have been designed to keep track of his movement. However, no drones will be deployed for aerial surveillance.

  • U.S. sleuths have brought along anti-sabotage scanners to sanitise the venues in coordination with their Indian counterparts.

  • Cyber security experts have been engaged for surveillance of suspicious online activity. Mr. Obama will use his own vehicle ‘The Beast.’ “His will be a larger cavalcade with over two dozen vehicles,” .

  • Following several rounds of meetings, it has been decided that on Republic Day, Mr. Obama will not accompany President Pranab Mukherjee to the parade venue, but will arrive in his 18-foot long Presidential car with Mr. Mukherjee’s cavalcade.

  • “In 2007, as the chief guest at the Republic Day parade, the then Russian President Vladimir Putin had also used his own vehicle,” said the official. The entire city will be turned into a no-fly zone, allowing only the flypast of Indian Air Force aircraft.

  • ‘The Beast’ is an explosion-proof heavily armoured vehicle fitted with a night vision system. It is a virtual shield capable of withstanding biochemical attacks and has its own oxygen supply mechanism. The seven-seater vehicle functions as a control room for the U.S. President to remain in touch with the Pentagon and senior U.S. government functionaries through video-conferencing or encrypted satellite phone communications. It is fitted with emergency medical equipment and has a bank of his blood type. The vehicle’s fuel tank, with a special foam coating, is armour-plated and its doors have eight-inch-thick armour plating. The car’s five-inch-thick windows are bulletproof. Its driver undergoes special week-long training at a secret service academy.

:: Sports ::

IPL media rights: BCCI invites tenders

  • The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) has invited bids for media rights relating to the future editions of the Indian Premier League (IPL).

  • The upcoming Pepsi IPL will be broadcast across the world through every technological medium available, thus reaching out to an even larger audience, BCCI secretary Sanjay Patel said in a statement.

  • Bids should be submitted by February 3, at a meeting of the BCCI Marketing Committee, at which time it is intended that the bids will be opened, evaluated and the tender awarded in the presence of bidders.

Panel to decide penalty

  • The Supreme Court formed a three-member committee to decide on the punishment against Chennai Super Kings (CSK and Rajasthan Royals (RR) in the Indian Premier League (IPL) betting scandal involving co-owners of the two teams.

  • Former Chief Justice India R. M. Lodha will head the committee that includes former Supreme Court judges Ashok Bhan and R. V. Raveendran.

  • The committee has been given six months for to further investigate and come to a decision regarding the allegations against Mr. Kundra and Mr. Meiyappan. The two teams face the possibility of being scratched from the high profile domestic T20 tournament.

  • The Board will have to elect its new president in six months’ time and N. Srinivasan can contest only if he lets go of his commercial interest in CSK. It is East Zone’s turn to have a president. However, BCCI rules allow a candidate from outside the zone to contest if there is a proposer and seconder a from that zone.

  • It is compulsory for the candidate to have attended two Annual General Meetings of the Board apart from being a principal office-bearer.

:: Selected Editorials of Importance ::

DOCTRINE OF GRADUATED ESCALATION

The India-Pakistan “peace process” has produced a lot of process over the decades but no peace. While India is a vibrant, buoyant nation, Pakistan remains a notion in search of a national identity. Yet, given Pakistan’s foundational loathing of India, many among Pakistani strategic elites still pine for India’s unravelling or at least Balkanisation. In this light, the Pakistani military has again escalated border tensions with India. Since the deadly 2008 Mumbai attacks it scripted, it has initiated intermittent exchanges of fire along the Line of Control (LoC), including this summer and then in recent days. This month’s artillery exchanges along the LoC were unusual in terms of their ferocity and the sudden eruption in violence, resulting in the highest single-day death toll in over a decade.

In provoking a second series of firing duels along the LoC since Prime Minister Narendra Modi took office, the Pakistani military establishment — which includes the rogue Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) — was doing more than using gunfire as cover to allow Pakistan-trained militants to infiltrate into India. It was also testing the resolve of India’s new government while simultaneously undermining Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and derailing any prospect of a rapprochement with India. Every time a Pakistani leader wishes to build better ties with New Delhi, his effort is undermined by the military masterminding a serious cross-border attack or terror strike. Indeed, it was during Mr. Sharif’s previous stint in office that a major Indian peace initiative — as symbolised by then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s bus diplomacy — collapsed spectacularly, with the bus itself getting hijacked allegorically to Kargil, triggering a war. This has served as a cautionary lesson on how the pursuit of peace can lead to war when one side’s military is not answerable to the civilian government.
The Pakistani military actually sought to test Mr. Modi soon after he won the national election. On the eve of his inauguration, ISI-backed militants stormed the Indian consulate in Afghanistan’s western city of Herat. The Pakistani plan was to take some Indians hostage and bring India under siege just as Mr. Modi took office. The plan, however, went awry as Indian security guards at the consulate heroically killed all the attackers. The U.S. blamed the Herat attack on the same ISI front organisation it held responsible for the 2008 Mumbai strikes — the Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT). The LeT’s leader, Hafiz Saeed, remains the Pakistani military’s darling, with his public life mocking America’s $10-million bounty on his head and the U.N.’s inclusion of him on a terrorist list.

The ISI’s war by terror is a reminder that the scourge of cross-border terrorism emanates more from Pakistan’s whisky-sipping generals than its rosary-holding mullahs. The real jihadists are the self-styled secular generals, who have reared the forces of jihad and fathered the LeT, the Taliban and other terror groups. In fact, Pakistan’s descent into a jihadist dungeon occurred not under civilian rule but under two military dictators — one (Zia ul-Haq) who nurtured and let loose jihadist forces, and another (Pervez Musharraf) who took his country to the very edge of the precipice. Another reminder is that India-Pakistan relations will be shaped largely by Pakistan’s internal dynamics, especially its civil-military relations. Although it is in India’s interest to help strengthen Pakistani civilian institutions, Pakistan’s civil society remains too weak to influence the direction of ties with India. In the absence of a structural correction to Pakistan’s historically skewed civil-military power equation, a peace dialogue with India only encourages the Pakistani military to carry out cross-border shootings, ambushes and acts of terror.

Such has been Mr. Sharif’s weakening that he not only had little say in the recent appointment of the new ISI chief, but also his government, at the behest of the military, has sought to re-internationalise the Kashmir issue. The intensity of ceasefire violations indeed was designed to help shine an international spotlight on Kashmir and also demonstrate as to who is in charge of Pakistan’s foreign policy. Mr. Modi’s cautious, measured start has masked his discreet gradualism. Border and other provocations are moulding his policy approach, founded on the premise that preventing hostile actions hinges on India’s capacity and political will to impose deterrent costs in response to any aggression. In Mr. Modi’s policy of graduated escalation, pressure on the adversary begins at low levels and then progressively increases in response to the target’s continued provocations and aggression.

There was no Indian reprisal to the Herat attack, and India’s response to the summertime border shootings was circumspect. But, in keeping with the doctrine of graduated escalation, this month’s Pakistani machine-gun fire along the LoC brought a heavy response, including retaliation with 81-mm mortars, which have a range of up to five kilometres. Mr. Modi wasn’t exaggerating when he said publicly, “Pakistan has been taught a befitting lesson.”

Mr. Modi is showing he is no Vajpayee, whose roller-coaster policy on Pakistan traversed through Lahore, Kargil, Kandahar, Agra, Parliament House and Islamabad, inviting only greater cross-border terrorism. And Mr. Modi is clearly no Manmohan Singh, whose peace-at-any-price approach was founded on the naive belief that the only alternative to do nothing in response to terror is to go to war. So, whether it was the Mumbai attacks or a border savagery, such as a captured Indian soldier’s beheading, Dr. Singh responded by doing nothing.

The Modi government, by building a range of options, including to neuter Pakistan’s nuclear blackmail, is indicating that Pakistani aggression will attract increasing costs. If the ISI is planning new attacks in India, with the intent to fob them off as the work of al-Qaeda’s supposed new India franchise, it can be sure that it will invite an Indian response imposing serious costs on the entire Pakistani security establishment.

MCQs

:: National ::

Q. 1

1. Activist Irom Chanu Sharmila was arrested once again under the same charge of attempt to commit suicide by continuing her indefinite fast.
2. Ms. Sharmila was arrested under Section 310 of the Indian Penal Code.

Which of the following statements is/are true-?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 & 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q. 2

1. Justice N. Paul Vasanthakumar, judge of the Madras High Court, has been elevated as the Chief Justice of the Jammu and Kashmir High Court.
2. Justice Vasanthakumar, who is from Marthandam in Kanyakumari district on Tamil Nadu, had been a lawyer for 15 years.

Which of the following statements is/are true-?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 & 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q. 3

1. The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) has invited bids for media rights relating to the future editions of the Indian Premier League (IPL).
2. The bids will be opened, evaluated and the tender awarded in the presence of bidders.

Which of the following statements is/are true-?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 & 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q. 4

1. The Congress filed a complaint with the Election Commission against Aam Aadmi Party leader Manish Sisodia for his remarks made at an election rally, allegedly instigating people to take bribe.
2. This is the second complaint filed against Mr. Sisodia in a week.

Which of the following statements is/are true-?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 & 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

:: International ::

Q. 5

1. Thailand’s junta-stacked Parliament voted to impeach the former Premier, Yingluck Shinawatra, hours after prosecutors announced plans to indict her for corruption in a double blow that risks reigniting the country’s bitter divisions.
2. The successful impeachment of Ms. Yingluck, the kingdom’s first woman Premier carries an automatic five-year ban from politics while the criminal charges could eventually see her jailed for up to a decade.

Which of the following statements is/are true-?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Neither 1 nor 2
d) Both 1 & 2

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