THE GIST of Editorial for UPSC Exams : 22 July 2020 Potato tears (Indian Express)

Potato tears (Indian Express)

Mains Paper 3: Economy 
Prelims level: Consumer price inflation
Mains level: Economic inclusive growth and issues arising from it

Context: 

• A spurt in vegetable prices, especially of tomatoes and potatoes, raises questions not only on the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) headroom for further interest rate cuts, but even for continuing with its accommodative monetary policy stance to revive growth and investment in the economy. 
• This is even more so with consumer price inflation, at 6.09% in June, already crossing the central bank’s 6% lakshman rekha and the pass-through effects of the Rs 11-12/litre increase in diesel prices since last month still to be felt. 
• Vegetables turning dearer can significantly influence household inflation expectations that are also a key metric factored in by the RBI’s monetary policy committee. 
• In its last May 22 meeting, the committee had taken note of the “unusual spike in food inflation in April”, which it expected to “moderate” on the back of a normal monsoon.

Onions and potatoes price hike:

• Retail potato prices going up, from roughly Rs 20 to Rs 30 per kg in the last three months, shouldn’t surprise. 
• The main rabi crop, which farmers harvest in January-March and mainly keep in cold stores for making staggered sales till October-November, has been an estimated 25 per cent lower this time. 
• The reason: Poor price realisations for the last three seasons (2016-17 to 2018-19), leading farmers to sow less in 2019-20. 
• Given the production shortfall, the current prices are actually reasonable. The potato story is similar to onions last year. 
• Then, too, it was the price crash from a bumper 2017-18 crop that made farmers reduce plantings the following year. 
• Aloo prices would have gone the pyaaz way, but for the lockdown-induced shutdown of eateries and dip in consumption of potato-based snacks from samosas to french fries. 
• More than potatoes, the rise in tomato prices — from Rs 20 to Rs 50 per kg within hardly two months — is striking. 
• The fact that growers were getting Rs 3-5/kg for their produce in May, while even dumping them on roads, should not be lost on consumers. 
• Nor the fact that onions are retailing today at around Rs 20, as against Rs 90-100 at the year’s start.

Crop area planning:

• The real takeaway on vegetables is the need for not just investing in cold stores. 
• Neither these nor in-field kanda chawl storage structures have reduced price volatility in potatoes and onions. 
• What is necessary — especially when India has moved from being a structurally deficit to surplus producer — is crop area planning. 
• Farmers should have access to credible forecasts of opening stocks, domestic consumption and export demand for all crops to enable them to make the right planting decisions. 
• This is a job an agency like the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices should be entrusted with. 
• Wild price and acreage swings ultimately benefit no one — whether farmers, consumers, processors or policymakers.

 Conclusion:

• Price rise underlines need to not just invest in cold stores, but also crop area planning, for more informed planting decisions.

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Prelims Questions:

Q.1) With reference to the Indian Defence sector, consider the following statements:

1. The Navy is expected to get the Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL)-built twin-engine carrier aircraft being developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) by 2032.
2. It will replace the MiG-29Ks in service which are scheduled to start going out by 2034.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: C

Mains Questions:

Q.1) Price rise underlines need to not just invest in cold stores, but also crop area planning, for more informed planting decisions. Comment.