(Ready Reckoner) Indian Polity and Governance

(1) Longest constitution of the World : India (448 articles, 12 schedules and 94 amendments)

(2) Total expenses and time taken for finalizing Indian Constitution : 6.4 Crores & 2 years 11 months and 18 days

(3) First time demand for Socialistic Pattern of Society : Avadi session of Congress (1955)

(4) Demand for Indian constitution : Swaraj Party (1934)

(5) India became Secular country : 1976

(6) Pakistan became Islamic country : 1972 Constitution

(7) Bangladesh became Islamic country : 1982

(8) Demand for a constituent assembly : Nehru(1938) & Congress(1939)

(9) First session of Indian constituent assembly : 9 December 1946 (Formation : July 1946)

(10) Indian Independence Act passed by British Parliament and Monarch : 4th July 1947 & 18th July 1947

(11) Formation of Draft Committee of Constituent Assembly : 29 August 1947

(12) Draft Constitution published on : February 1948

(13) Meeting on Draft Constitution : November 1948- October 1949

(14) Objectives Resolution moved by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru on December 13, 1946. It was unanimously adopted by the Constituent Assembly on January 22, 1947.

(15) Indian Constitution effective from : 26 November 1949

(16) India declared a Republic : 26 January 1950

(17) India became member of Commonwealth : 27 April 1949

(18) Legal Advisor to the Constituent Assembly : B. N. Rau

(19) Temporary/Permanent Chairman of Constituent Assembly : Dr. Sachchidanand Sinha / Dr. Rajendra Prasad. H.C. Mukherjee elected as the Vice President of the Constituent Assembly .

(20) The membership of the Indian Constituent Assembly was reduced to 299 after partition and only 284 members signed the Constitution on 26 November 1949.

(21) The state of Jammu and Kashmir has been given special status under Article 370, which became operative on November 17, 1952.

(22) The state of Jammu and Kashmir has a separate Constitution which was drafted by the Constituent Assembly of J & K and became effective on 26 January 1957.

(23) The provisions of Article 370 can not be amended by Parliament of India; but it can be made inoperative by the order of President of India with prior consent of the Constituent Assembly of J & K. The assembly will have to be reconstituted for this purpose.

(24) There are special provisions for the states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra under Article 371, for the State of Nagaland under Article 371A, for Assam under Article 371B and for Sikkim under Article 371F.

(25) Andhra Pradesh was first state created on linguistic basis in 1953.

(26) The Drafting Committee finalized the Draft Constitution of India in February 1948 and the second reading of the same by the Assembly was completed on 17 October 1948. For the third reading of the Constitution ,the assembly met on 14 November 1949 and finished it on 26 November 1949.

(27) In the history of presidential elections in 1969 , V. V. Giri is the only person who won the election of President as an independent candidate.

(28) In July 1977 N. S. Reddy was elected unopposed as no one else filed nominations for the post of President.

(29) The President’s Rule under Article 356 was for the first time, imposed in Punjab on June 20,1951 and remained in operation till April 17,1952.

(30) The Proclamation of National Emergency on the ground of external aggression from China was for the first time issued on 26 October 1962 and continued in operation till 10 January 1968.

(31) For the second time the National Emergency was declared on 3rd December 1971 during war with Pakistan .

(32) The third declaration of emergency was made on 25th June 1975 on the ground of ‘internal disturbance’. Both the second and the third declarations were withdrawn in March 1977.

(33) The Panchayati Raj was launched on 2nd October 1959 in Nagaur (Rajasthan) by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru.

(34) Firstly Veto power used by President of India : PEPSU

(35) Joint session of Indian Parliament : At three times - The Dowry Prohibition Act (1961), The Banking Service Commission Repeal Bill, 1978 and The Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002

(36) First experiment of Community Development Programme : Rajasthan ( October 1952)

(37) 73rd Constitutional amendment firstly passed in Karnataka and on the basis of new act elections held first time in Madhya Pradesh.

(38) Lokayukta Act firstly passed in Orissa and first institution established in Maharashtra.

(39) The Panchayat Act implemented in 23rd April 1993 and Nagarpalika Act implemented in 24th june 1993.

(40)

Panthera tigris, a striped animal - National animal of India
The Indian peacock, Pavo cristatus- National bird of India
Lotus (Nelumbo Nucipera Gaertn) - National Flower of India.
The Banyan Tree (Ficus benghalensis) - National Tree of India.
Mango (Manigifera indica) - National fruit of India.

(41)

National flag adopted on July 22, 1947.
National Anthem adopted on 24 January, 1950.
National Song adopted on 24 January, 1950.
National emblem of India- Sarnath, the Lion Capital of Ashoka with the wheel, bull, and horse

(42) Major Committees of the Constituent Assembly :

Union Powers Committee -Jawahar Lal Nehru
Union Constitution Committee - Jawahar Lal Nehru
States Committee - Jawahar Lal Nehru
Provincial Constitution Committee - Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights - Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
Fundamental Rights and Minority Commissions - Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
Rules of Procedure Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Steering Committee - Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Drafting Committee - Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar

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