Punjab Public Service Commission (PPSC)
Mains Examination Syllabus - Civil Engineering
PAPER – I
1. Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials and
Structural Analysis:
1.1 Engineering Mechanics:
Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Vectors, Concept of Force,
Concept of particle and rigid body. Concurrent, Non Concurrent and parallel
forces in a plane, moment of force, free body diagram, conditions of
equillibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system.
First and Second Moment of area, Mass moment of Inertia.
Static Friction.
Kinematics and Kinetics:
Kinematics in Cartesian Co-ordinates, motion under uniform
and non-uniform acceleration, motion under gravity. Kinetics of particle:
Momentum and Energy principles, collision of elastic bodies, rotation of rigid
bodies.
1.2 Strength of Materials:
Simple Stress and Strain, Elastic constants, axially loaded
compression members, Shear force and bending moment, theory of simple bending,
Shear Stress distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength.
Deflection of beams: Macaulay’s method, Mohr’s Moment area
method, Conjugate beam method, unit load method. Torsion of Shafts, Elastic
stability of columns, Euler’s] Rankine’s and Secant formulae.
1.3 Structural Analysis:
Castiglianio’s theorems I and II, unit load method of
consistent deformation applied tobeams and pin jointed trusses.
Slope-deflection, moment distribution, Rolling loads and Influences lines :
Influences lines for Shear Force and Bending moment at a section of beam.
Criteria for maximum shear force and bending Moment in beams traversed by a
system of moving loads. Influences lines for simply supported plane pin jointed
trusses.
Arches : Three hinged, two hinged and fixed arches, rib
shortening and temperature effects.
Matrix methods of analysis : Force method and displacement
method of analysis of indeterminate beams and rigid frames.
Plastic Analysis of beams and frames : Theory of plastic
bending, plastic analysis, statical method, Mechanism method.
Unsymmetrical bending : Moment of inertia, product of
inertia, position of Neutral Axis and Principle axes, calculation of bending
stresses.
2. Design of Structures: Steel, Concrete and Masonry
Structures:
2.1 Structural Steel Design:
Structural Steel : Factors of safety and load factors.
Riveted, bolted and welded joints and connections. Design of tension and
compression member, beams of built up section, riveted and welded plate girders,
gantry girders, stancheons with battens and lacings.
2.2 Design of Concrete and Masonry Structures:
Concept of mix design. Reinforced Concrete : Working Stress
and Limit State method of design–Recommendations of I.S. codes Design of one way
and two way slabs, staircase slabs, simple and continuous beams of rectangular,
T and L sections. Compression members under direct load with or without
eccentricity, Cantilever and Counter fort type retaining walls.
Water tanks : Design requirements for Rectangular and
circular tanks resting on ground.
Prestressed concrete : Methods and systems of prestressing,
anchorages, Analysis and design of sections for flexure based on working stress,
loss of prestress.
Design of brick masonry as per I.S. Codes
3. Fluid Mechanics, Open Channel Flow and Hydraulic
Machines:
3.1 Fluid Mechanics:
Fluid properties and their role in fluid motion, fluid
statics including forces acting on plane and curved surfaces.
Kinematics and Dynamics of Fluid flow : Velocity and
accelerations, stream lines, equation of continuity, irrotational and rotational
flow, velocity potential and stream functions.
Continuity, momentum and energy equation, Navier-Stokes
equation, Euler’s equation of
motion, application to fluid flow problems, pipe flow, sluice gates, weirs.
3.2 Dimensional Analysis and Similitude:
Buckingham’s Pi-theorem, dimensionless parameters.
3.3 Laminar Flow:
Laminar flow between parallel, stationary and moving plates,
flow through tube.
3.4 Boundary layer:
Laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, laminar
sub layer, smooth and rough boundaries, drag and lift.
Turbulent flow through pipes : Characteristics of turbulent
flow, velocity distribution and variation of pipe friction factor, hydraulic
grade line and total energy line.
3.5 Open channel flow:
Uniform and non-uniform flows, momentum and energy correction
factors, specific energy and specific force, critical depth, rapidly varied
flow, hydraulic jump, gradually varied flow, classification of surface profiles,
control section, step method of integration of varied flow equation.
3.6 Hydraulic Machines and Hydropower:
Hydraulic turbines, types classification, Choice of turbines,
performance parameters, controls, characteristics, specific speed.
Principles of hydropower development.
4. Geotechnical Engineering:
Soil Type and structure – gradation and particle size
distribution – consistency limits.
Water in soil – capillary and structural – effective stress
and pore water pressure – permeability concept – field and laboratory
determination of permeability – Seepage pressure – quick sand conditions – Shear
strength determination – Mohr Coulomb concept.
Compaction of soil – Laboratory and field tests.
Compressibility and consolidation concept – consolidation
theory – consolidation settlement analysis.
Earth pressure theory and analysis for retaining walls,
Application for sheet piles and Braced excavation.
Bearing capacity of soil – approaches for analysis – Field
tests – settlement analysis – stability of slope of earth walk.
Subsurface exploration of soils – methods Foundation – Type
and selection criteria for foundation of structures – Design criteria for
foundation – Analysis of distribution of stress for footings and pile – pile
group actionpile load test.
Ground improvement techniques.
PAPER - II
1. Construction Technology, Equipment, Planning and
Management:
1.1 Construction Technology:
Engineering Materials :
Physical properties of construction materials with respect to
their use in construction— Stones, Bricks and Tiles; Lime, Cement, different
types of Mortars and Concrete.
Specific use of ferro cement, fibre reinforced C.C, High
strength concrete.
Timber, properties and defects—common preservation
treatments.
Use and selection of materials for specific use like Low Cost
Housing, Mass Housing, High Rise Buildings.
1.2 Construction:
Masonry principles using Brick, stone, Blocks – construction
detailing and strength characteristics.
Types of plastering, pointing, flooring, roofing and
construction features.
Common repairs in buildings.
Principles of functional planning of building for residents
and specific use—Building code provisions.
Basic principles of detailed and approximate
estimating—specification writing and rate analysis – principles of valuation of
real property.
Machinery for earthwork, concreting and their specific uses –
Factors affecting selection of equipments – operating cost of Equipments.
1.3 Construction Planning and Management:
Construction activity – schedules- organization for
construction industry – Quality assurance principles.
Use of Basic principles of network – analysis in form of CPM
and PERT – their use in construction monitoring, Cost optimization and resource
allocation.
Basic principles of Economic analysis and methods.
Project profitability – Basic principles of Boot approach to
financial planning – simple toll fixation criterions.
2. Surveying and Transportation Engineering
2.1 Surveying:
Common methods and instruments for distance and angle
measurement for CE work – their use in plane table, traverse survey, leveling
work, triangulation, contouring and topographical map.
Basic principles of photogrammetry and remote sensing.
2.2 Railway Engineering:
Permanent way – components, types and their functions –
Functions and Design
constituents of turn and crossings – Necessity of geometric
design of track – Design of station and yards.
2.3 Highway Engineering:
Principles of Highway alignments – classification and
geometrical design elements and standards for Roads.
Pavement structure for flexible and rigid pavements—Design
principles and methodology of pavements.
Typical construction methods and standards of materials for
stabilized soil, WBM, Bituminous works and CC roads.
Surface and sub-surface drainage arrangements for
roads—culvert structures.
Pavement distresses and strengthening by overlays.
Traffic surveys and their applications in traffic
planning—Typical design features for channelized, intersection, rotary
etc.–signal designs – standard Traffic signs and
markings.
3. Hydrology, Water Resources and Engineering:
3.1 Hydrology:
Hydrological cycle, precipitation, evaporation,
transpiration, infiltration, overland flow, hydrograph, flood frequency
analysis, flood routing through a reservoir, channel flow routing-Muskingam
method.
3.2 Ground water flow:
Specific yield, storage coefficient, coefficient of
permeability, confined and unconfined equifers, aquifers, aquitards, radial flow
into a well under confined and unconfined conditions.
3.3 Water Resources Engineering:
Ground and surface water resource, single and multipurpose
projects, storage capacity of
reservoirs, reservoir losses, reservoir sedimentation.
3.4 Irrigation Engineering:
(i) Water requirements of crops: consumptive use, duty and
delta, irrigation methods and their efficiencies.
(ii) Canals: Distribution systems for canal irrigation, canal
capacity, canal losses, alignment of main and distributory canals, most
efficient section, lined canals, their design, regime theory, critical shear
stress, bed load.
(iii) Water logging: causes and control, salinity.
(iv) Canal structures: Design of, head regulators, canal
falls, aqueducts, metering flumes and canal outlets.
(v) Diversion headwork: Principles and design of weirs of
permeable and impermeable foundation, Khosla’s theory, energy dissipation.
(vi) Storage works: Types of dams, design, principles of
rigid gravity, stability analysis.
(vii) Spillways: Spillway types, energy dissipation.
(viii) River training: Objectives of river training, methods
of river training.
4. Environmental Engineering:
4.1 Water Supply:
Predicting demand for water, impurities of water and their
significance, physical, chemical and bacteriological analysis, waterborne
diseases, standards for potable water.
4.2 Intake of water:
Water treatment: principles of coagulation, flocculation and
sedimentation; slow-; rapid-, pressure-, filters; chlorination, softening,
removal of taste, odour and salinity.
4.3 Sewerage systems:
Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage–separate and
combined systems, flow m-through sewers, design of sewers.
4.4 Sewage characterization:
BOD, COD, solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC.
Standards of disposal in normal watercourse and on land.
4.5 Sewage treatment:
Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tanks,
trickling filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank,
disposal of sludge, recycling of wastewater.
4.6 Solid waste:
Collection and disposal in rural and urban contexts,
management of long-term ill effects.
