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Current Affairs for IAS Exams - 26 May 2022
Current Affairs for IAS Exams - 26 May 2022
::NATIONAL::
Supreme Court recognises sex work as a ‘profession’
- In a significant order recognising sex work as a “profession” whose practitioners are entitled to dignity and equal protection under law.
Key highlights:
- The Supreme Court has directed that police should neither interfere nor take criminal action against adult and consenting sex workers.
- Notwithstanding the profession, every individual in this country has a right to a dignified life under Article 21 of the Constitution.
- The Bench ordered that sex workers should not be “arrested or penalised or harassed or victimised” whenever there is a raid on any brothel, “since voluntary sex work is not illegal and only running the brothel is unlawful”.
- A child of a sex worker should not be separated from the mother merely on the ground that she is in the sex trade.
- Basic protection of human decency and dignity extends to sex workers and their children.
- Further, if a minor is found living in a brothel or with sex workers, it should not be presumed that the child was trafficked.
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Swachh Survekshan Survey 2023
- Union Government has launched the Eighth Edition of Swachh Survekshan – SS-2023 under Swachh Bharat Mission Urban 2.0.
About:
- Swachh Survekshanintroduced by MoHUA in 2016, is the world’s largest annual survey ofcleanliness, hygiene and sanitation in villages, cities and towns across India.
- Designed with the theme of ‘Waste to Wealth’ as its driving philosophy, Swachh Survekshan- 2023 is curated towards achieving circularity in waste management.
- Swachh Survekshan has emerged as the largest Urban sanitation survey in the world.
Evaluation for SS-23 is based on 3 components:
- Service Level Progress - Covers Segregated collection, Processing, and disposal,Used water management, and Safaimitra Suraksha.
- Certification - For Garbage Free City star rating and ODF/ODF+/ODF++/water +certification.
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::INTERNATIONAL::
World Economic Forum Forms Indian CEOs Alliance For "Net-Zero India"
- The World Economic Forum launched Indian CEO’s Alliance to supercharge India’s climate action and decarbonization efforts.
About:
- Part of the World Economic Forum’s Climate Action Platform, the Alliance will continue efforts to achieve the vision outlined in the white paper released last year, "Mission 2070: A Green New Deal for a Net Zero India", on India’s low-carbon transition by 2070.
- It will bring together the government, businesses, and other key stakeholders to achieve the Indian Prime Minister’s ambitious five-part ‘Panchamrit’ pledge, which includes the country’s net-zero carbon emission target by 2070.
About the five elements of ‘Panchamrit’
- India reaching its non-fossil energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030.
- Meeting 50% of its energy requirements from renewable energy by 2030.
- Reducing total projected carbon emissions by one billion tonnes from nowonwards till 2030.
- Reducing carbon intensity of its economy by less than 45 percent by 2030.
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4th Quad leaders summit
- Prime Minister Narendra Modi has concluded his official visit to Japan for the 4th Quad leaders summit in Tokyo.
- There is action-oriented cooperation among Quad partners and the countries of the Indo-Pacific for a free, open and inclusive Indo-Pacific aimed at peace, stability and prosperity in the region.
Key highlights about the summit:
- Quad nations agreed to create an Earth observation-based monitoring andsustainable development framework to combat illegal, unregulated andunprotected (IUU) fishing.
- It will include sharing of space-based civil Earth observation data and a"Quad Satellite Data Portal” to aggregate links to respective nationalsatellite data resources.
- To extend over 50 billionUSD of infrastructureassistance and investmentin the Indo-Pacific, over thenext five years.
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::ECONOMY::
Duty free import of edible oil
- In a bid to cool inflation in edible oils, Government allowed duty-free import of 20 Lakh metric tonnes each of crude soyabean oil and crude sunflower oil for this year as well as 2023-24.
About:
- The exemption will help cool domestic prices and control inflation.
- India could cut an import tax on crude soyoil and crude sunflower oil as the world’s biggest vegetable oil importer tries to tame food inflation.
- India has already abolished the basic import tax on crude palm oil, crude soyoil and crude sunflower oil, but continues with the 5% Agriculture Infrastructure and Development Cess (AIDC) on these three grades of edible oils.
- India imports more than two-thirds of its edible oil needs and a sharp drop in the supplies of sunflower from the Black Sea region has further stoked local prices.
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::SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY::
iRASTE
- A project called ‘Intelligent Solutions for Road Safety through Technology and Engineering’ (iRASTE) is being implemented in Nagpur to tackle the problem of road accidents.
About:
- The project is based on artificial intelligence (AI) and will help identify potential accident-causing scenarios while driving a vehicle. iRASTE will alert drivers about the potential accident with the help of the Advance Driver Assistance System (ADAS).
- The iRASTE project is being undertaken by the I-Hub Foundation, IIIT Hyderabad, a Technology Innovation Hub (TIH) set up in the technology vertical- Data Banks and Data Services.
- iRASTE: Predicting accidents
- The unique AI approach that iRASTE uses could predict and identify risks on the road, and a collision alert system to communicate timely alerts to drivers, to make several improvements related to road safety.
- The project (iRASTE) will also identify ‘greyspots’, by data analysis and mobility analysis by continuously monitoring dynamic risks on the entire road network.
- The need to identify ‘greyspots’ is of immense importance because if they remain unaddressed, they can become blackspots (locations with fatal accidents).
Benefits:
- The AI project will help in preparing a critical resource for future use by researchers, startups, and industry, mainly in the areas of smart mobility, healthcare along with smart buildings.
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