Rethink MSPs

Mains Paper: 2 | Agriculture 
Prelims level: MSP
Mains level: Relatively moderate raises for rabi crops are a relief.

Context 

• The Reserve Bank of India and bond markets should heave a sigh of relief at the relatively moderate hikes in the minimum support prices (MSP) for rabi crops declared by the NDA government.
• The MSP for wheat to be planted in the ensuing 2018-19 season has been fixed at Rs 1,840 per quintal, which is only 6.1 per cent more than the Rs 1,735 for last year.

Important highlight of the MSP raise 

• The other crops such as mustard, chana, masur and barley, the raise is from 2.1 to 5.3 per cent. 
• The 20.6 per cent higher MSP for safflower has no material consequence, as this oilseed is grown in just about 1.5 lakh hectares (compared to 300-310, 90-100 and 60-70 lakh hectares for wheat, chana and mustard, respectively) and hardly procured by government agencies. 
• The restraint shown in the latest MSP increases  for the kharif season, these amounted to 12.9 per cent in paddy and 19.3-52.5 per cent in maize, moong, cotton, bajra, jowar, nigerseed and ragi.

Initiatives taken by the government so far

• The Modi government had earlier erred by accepting the M S Swaminathan commission’s recommendation of fixing MSPs at 1.5 times the estimated production cost of crops. 
• By binding itself to a cost-plus pricing formula and guaranteeing a minimum 50 per cent return to farmers, the government would have had to grant unsustainably high MSPs out of line with market prices. 
• That possibility was even greater when diesel, electricity, fertiliser and pesticide costs for farmers have gone up by 25 per cent or more in the last one year.
• The Commission for Agricultural Costs & Prices’ estimates, which show a mere 6 per cent annual production cost escalation for wheat and at 1.8-7.2 per cent in other rabi crops. 
• The seemingly conservative cost increases taken have helped keep the latest MSP hikes within limits, even as the Agriculture Ministry has claimed that they correspond to returns ranging between 50.1 per cent for safflower and 112.5 per cent for wheat.

Way forward 

• The test of MSPs, however, lies not in announcement, but implementation. 
• The current kharif marketing season, where arrivals in mandis have barely begun and most crops, barring cotton, are already selling way below the MSPs announced in July. 
• The sheer lack of credibility in both fixation methodology and effective enforcement makes it worthwhile to rethink the utility of MSPs. 
• Farmer interest is better served by removing all restrictions on marketing, storage and movement (including export) of produce, along with making fixed per-acre payments irrespective of the crop that is grown.

Online Coaching for UPSC PRE Exam

General Studies Pre. Cum Mains Study Materials

UPSC Prelims Questions: 

Q.1) Consider the following statements about Price Stabilization Fund (PSF):
1. It is used to procure only perishable agricultural and horticultural commodities.
2. It is announced as a part of Minimum Support Price (MSP).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer:  D

UPSC Mains Questions:
Q.1) Relatitvely moderate MSP raise is a big relief for Indian farmer. Critically examine the statement.