Avoidable suspense: on Indian-origin FPIs 

Mains Paper: 3 | Economic development and orgranisation 
Prelims level: Foreign portfolio investors
Mains level:  SEBI could have handled better the issue of Indian-origin foreign portfolio investors. 

Introduction 

• Foreign investors in the Indian market are used to unexpected twists in the regulatory landscape, but they seldom talk tough in the public domain.
• It was unusual for a group of foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) to openly appeal to the Prime Minister for an urgent intervention last Monday. 
• The Asset Managers Roundtable of India (AMRI) warned that India’s booming stock markets will be in for a tight bear-hug and the embattled rupee.
• It could face even greater pressure if an April 10 diktat from the Securities and Exchange Board of India is not scrapped.
• The SEBI circular, they argued, disqualifies about $75 billion of portfolio investments into India made by FPIs backed by domestic institutions, NRIs, Persons of Indian Origin and Overseas Citizen of India card-holders. 
• The total portfolio investments in India’s financial markets are estimated at $450 billion. The circular, issued to enhance the Know Your Client norms for FPIs, ended up imposing a blanket ban on certain types of investments where NRIs, PIOs or OCIs were investors (beyond a threshold) or even served as senior managing officials of these funds. The circular delegates the task of identifying high-risk jurisdictions, with tighter KYC norms, on custodian banks.

Recommendations by SEBI 

• Last week, SEBI called AMRI’s warning as “preposterous and highly irresponsible”. 
• Yet, by the weekend the H.R. Khan Committee set up by SEBI recommended changes that may be made to the regulator’s directive, addressing most of the concerns raised by the FPIs.
• The panel’s report clarified that NRIs, OCI card-holders and resident Indians can manage the investments of any FPI registered with SEBI and, more importantly, hold up to 50% of an FPI’s assets under management. 
• It would be determined by SEBI while applying the beneficial ownership test. 
• The committee said the deadline for complying with the circular, which was already extended from August 31 to December 31, must be extended further, and funds with investments breaching the final thresholds that the regulator decides upon should be granted 180 days to unwind positions.

Way forward 

• SEBI has now announced public consultations before it finalises these norms, and in the process created some breathing space for such funds to remain invested on Dalal Street. 
• No one should have a grouse with attempts to curb round-tripping of illegal domestic wealth into the Indian market through the foreign investments route. 
• But treating all FPIs with Indian-origin managers as potential conduits of illicit money is unwise. 
• SEBI could have managed all of this as an independent regulator had it held a timely dialogue with stakeholders before framing these norms. 
• Such policy uncertainty and sharp about-turns will do little to enhance India’s credibility among global investors.

UPSC Prelims Questions: 

Q.1)  With reference to the Market Intervention Scheme (MIS), consider the following statements:
1. It is a price support mechanism for procurement of perishable and horticultural commodities in the event of a fall in market prices.
2. It is implemented on the request of State Governments.
3. It is implemented when there is at least 10% increase or decrease in production over the previous normal year.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1 and 3 only

Answer:  A

UPSC Mains Questions:
Q.1) How SEBI could have handled the issue of Indian-origin foreign portfolio investors to more effectively?

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