THE GIST of Editorial for UPSC Exams : 21 April 2020 (Beijing’s response to Covid underlines that the world needs more democracy, not less (The Hindu))

Beijing’s response to Covid underlines that the world needs more democracy, not less (The Hindu)

Mains Paper 2:International  
Prelims level:One party system vs Democratic system 
Mains level: Effect of policies and politics of developed anddeveloping countries on India's interests

Context:

• There is a desperate effort on the part of China to erase its culpability in unleashing COVID-19 across the world through the lack of transparency inherent in its one-party authoritarian system. 
• It has sought to overcome the damaging global public opinion which it has suffered by a subsequent sustained propaganda campaign. 

Two aspects of Chinese propaganda:

• Highlighting the success China claims to have achieved in arresting the pandemic within the country through drastic measures on a massive scale, thereby demonstrating the superiority of its authoritarian system as contrasted with the delayed and often less-than-effective measures taken in democratic European countries and the US in particular. 
• The other seeks blanket publicity of its provision of much-needed medical equipment and medical teams to assist affected countries. 
• The main target is Europe, though assistance to other countries is also given prominence. 
• Chinese diplomats are using Twitter, Facebook and other social media platforms to create an image of a benign China providing public goods to a grateful community of beleaguered nations.

CLICK HERE FOR FULL EDITORIAL (Only for Course Members)

Here is what China would like us to believe: 

• The COVID-19 virus did erupt in Wuhan, but it may not have originated in China. 
• There may have been a delay in acknowledging the seriousness of the crisis, but this was due to missteps by the local leadership in Wuhan city and Hubei province.
• Once the gravity of the situation was recognised, Chinese leaders promptly informed the WHO and shared the DNA sequence of the virus with it and other countries. 
• The unprecedented measures adopted by Chinese authorities, which also imposed great suffering on the Chinese people, bought valuable time for the rest of the world to get prepared to deal with the pandemic.
• Having achieved notable success in arresting the spread of the virus, valuable assistance is now being provided to affected countries in the spirit of solidarity. 
• China’s economy is beginning to recover and this will contribute to the recovery of the global economy.

Has China demonstrated the superiority of China’s one-party system as compared to democracies? 

• There is no escaping the fact that COVID-19 may not have become a pandemic if China were a democracy with a free flow of information through an independent media and accountable political leadership. 
• This is like original sin, which cannot be whitewashed. 
• There are democracies which have done as well if not better than China without resorting to its sledgehammer tactics. 
• Notably, there is Taiwan, which is constantly bullied by China. 
• There is South Korea, which has even held parliamentary elections after having brought the pandemic under control. 
• Even in India, the government is providing daily updates on the spread of the virus. The media is able to report on the shortcomings in government policies, which are then addressed, though not always efficiently. 
• The bottom line is that as a result of being a democracy, we have a better chance of knowing the true dimensions of the crisis, of being able to obtain constant feedback on people’s reactions and access the best advice from multiple sources.
• Rather than express envy of Chinese authoritarianism, Indians should be thankful that we are a democracy. We need more democracy, not less, to overcome the COVID-19 challenge.

What about the Chinese economy? 

• There is no doubt that economic activity in China is beginning to revive after a steep drop of 6.8 per cent (year on year) in GDP during the first quarter of 2020. 
• Chinese economy is now functioning at about 80 per cent of the level last year, which is impressive. China’s economy is not as export-dependent as it has been in the past. 
• Exports were 19.5 per cent of GDP in 2018 against 32.6 per cent in 2008. But the external economic environment is critical for China’s globalised economy. 
• It is a significant node in the most important regional and global supply chains. This will be impacted by countries re-shoring production or opting for shorter and closer-to-home supply chains, having suffered from disruptions during the pandemic. 
• Japan will spend $2.2 billion to assist Japanese companies to shift units from China back to Japan or relocate to South East Asia. 
• In 2012, when China-Japan tensions were at a peak, there was a similar move and India was seen as an alternative. But that opportunity was lost. Perhaps India has a second chance.

Conclusion: 

• China will suffer from accelerated “decoupling” from the US economy with COVID-19 sharpening the already fraught bilateral relations. 
• China was already decoupled from the US by denying entry to US tech giants, Google, Facebook, Microsoft and Amazon, even while its own tech multinationals like Huawei and Alibaba have built markets in the West. This cannot be sustained. 
• The winners in the more digital world which will emerge post-COVID-19 will be the American tech giants, even though the US is politically dysfunctional. Democracies sometimes win even if their politics is frustrating.

CLICK HERE FOR FULL EDITORIAL (Only for Course Members)

Online Coaching for UPSC PRE Exam

General Studies Pre. Cum Mains Study Materials

Prelims Questions:

Q.1)With reference to the Fall Armyworm, consider the following statements:
1. It is an insect native to northern India. 
2. The moth can fly up to 100 km per night and the female moth can lay up to a total of 1,000 eggs in her lifetime. 
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer...................

CLICK HERE FOR FULL EDITORIAL (Only for Course Members)

Mains Questions:
Q.1)To what extent India’s democratic system helped corona crisis. Elucidate your views in this regard.