National Population Register (Indian Express)

Mains Paper 2 : Polity
Prelims level : National Population Register
Mains level : Population census and exercises

Context:

• The Union Cabinet approved a proposal to conduct Census 2021 and update the National Population Register (NPR). While the Census will be conducted in 2021, the NPR update will take place from April to September 2020 in all the States/UTs except Assam.
• According to the sources, the Union Cabinet has approved a proposal of the Home Ministry to spend Rs 8,754 crore for the Census 2021 and Rs 3,941 crore for updating the NPR.

What is the National Population Register (NPR)?

• The NPR is a register of usual residents of the country. It is mandatory for every usual resident of India to register in the NPR. It includes both Indian citizens as well as a foreign citizen.
• The objective of the NPR is to create a comprehensive identity database of every usual resident in the country.
• The first National Population Register was prepared in 2010 and updating this data was done during 2015 by conducting door to door survey.
• The next update of the NPR will take place next year from April to September with the Houselisting phase of the Census 2021.
• It is being prepared at the local (Village/sub-Town), sub-District, District, State and National level under provisions of the Citizenship Act 1955 and the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003.

What is the meaning of usual resident?

• According to the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, 2003, a usual resident is a person who has resided in a local area for the past 6 months or more or a person who intends to reside in that area for the next 6 months or more.

What is the Census?

• The Census is the enumeration of the population of the country. It is being conducted at an interval of 10 years.
• The Census 2021 will be 16th census in the country since the first census happened in 1872.
• It will be 8th census after the Independence. For the first time, the Census 2021 will use the Mobile App for data collection.
• It will also provide a facility to the public for self-enumeration.

What are the details required for NPR?

• The demographic details of every individual are required for every usual resident on 21 points which includes ‘date and place of birth of parents’, last place of residence, Permanent Account Number (PAN), Aadhar ( on a voluntary basis), Voter ID card number, Driving License Number and Mobile Number.
• In the last NPR done in 2010, the data was collected on the 15 points and it did not include ‘date and place of birth of parents’ and last place of residence.

What is the difference between NPR and NRC?

• The NPR is different from the National Register of Citizens which excludes the foreign citizens.
• According to the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, notified on December 10, 2003, a Population Register is ‘the register containing details of persons usually residing in a village or rural area or town or ward or demarcated area (demarcated by the Registrar General of Citizen Registration) within a ward in a town or urban area.
• Whereas, the ‘National Register of Indian Citizens’ is a register containing details of Indian Citizens living in India and outside India.
• The rules further say that ‘National Register of Indian Citizens’ shall contain the particulars of every citizen i.e. Name; Father’s name; Mother’s name; Sex; Date of birth; Place of birth; Residential address (present and permanent); Marital status ñ if ever married, name of the spouse; Visible identification mark; Date of registration of Citizen; Serial number of registration; and National Identity Number.

What is the link between NPR and NRC?

• According to the Citizenship (Registration of Citizens and Issue of National Identity Cards) Rules, notified on December 10, 2003.
• The Central Government may, by an order issued in this regard, decide a date by which the Population Register shall be prepared by collecting information relating to all persons who are usually residing within the jurisdiction of Local Registrar.
• The Local Register of Indian citizens shall contain details of persons after due verification made from the Population Register.

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Prelims Questions:

Q.1) Consider the following statements:
1. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) recently announced that one of the newly discovered stars ‘HIP 79431’ was named as "Sharjah" and the planet affiliated with this star was named "Barjeel."
2. The Emirate of Sharjah in U.A.E is the only emirate that overlooks the coastline on the Persian Gulf to the west and the Gulf of Oman (Indian Ocean) to the East.

Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) None of the above

Ans: C
Mains Questions:
Q.1) What is National Population Register (NPR)? What are the differences between NPR and NRC?