THE GIST of Editorial for UPSC Exams : 28 February 2020 (Virus marches on: On the rapid spread of COVID-19 (The Hindu))

Virus marches on: On the rapid spread of COVID-19 (The Hindu)

Mains Paper 2: Health
Prelims level: SARS-CoV-2
Mains level: Impact of spreading COVID-19 diseases worldwide

Context:

• The spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 disease remains unchecked in a few countries.

Highlights about the epidemic cases:

• The number of countries/regions that have so far reported at least one confirmed case has also gone up in the past week — 3,346 cases from 49 countries as on February 27.
• This does not include the 705 confirmed cases on a cruise ship in Japanese waters. Till some time back, the cases on board the vessel were the highest outside China.
• But that changed on February 24 when the total number of cases reported from South Korea stood at 763, overshooting the number of cases on the ship.
• With 1,766 cases and 13 deaths, South Korea has the most number of infections outside China as on February 27.
• Beyond the high number of cases reported from South Korea, what is indeed alarming is the rate of viral spread.
• From just 51 cases and no deaths on February 20, the number of cases has grown rapidly each day during the last seven days. Many of the cases in the country are linked to a religious cult group.
• At their services in the south-eastern city of Daegu, the virus spread to many in the group, who in turn fanned out around the country, aiding viral transmission.
• As on February 23, the number of cases traced to the Daegu church is more than half the nation’s total of infected people.
• South Korea in containing the spread is the difficulty in tracing the contacts of cult members as they prefer not to disclose their affiliation to the church.

Affected in the other countries:

• The spread has been equally alarming in Iran though the numbers are far fewer compared with South Korea. From just two cases on February 20, the numbers in Iran increased to 245 on February 27.
• There have been 26 deaths too, the highest outside China. And from three countries in the WHO East Mediterranean region on February 21, it has increased to nine now.
• For the first time, one case each has been reported from South America (Brazil) and WHO African Region (Algeria).
• With 528 confirmed cases on Thursday, the number of those infected in Italy is more than double that of Iran; there have been 14 deaths as well.

Way forward:

• In contrast, cases have been increasing only slowly in Hong Kong; Singapore has almost cut the transmission cycle.
• It becomes apparent that mass gatherings in enclosed spaces are an ideal ground for the virus to spread.
• This raises the question whether shutting down Wuhan and other cities in China, thus locking both healthy and infected people together, had provided a fertile ground for the virus to spread.

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Prelims Questions:

Q1. With reference to the Chitra Bharati Film Festival (CBFF), consider the following statements:
1. This is the third edition of the festival – the first was held in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, in 2016, and the second at Delhi’s Siri Fort Auditorium in 2018.
2. The aim of this film festival is to establish a ‘Bharatiya’ narrative in Indian cinema.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: C
Mains Questions:
Q1. The rapid spread of COVID-19 outside China is cause for concern. Comment.