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IGNOU HISTORY NOTES : History Of Modern Europe (Mid 18th to 20th Centuries)- COUNTER-REVOLUTION II: NATIONAL SOCIALISM IN GERMANY

IGNOU HISTORY Study Notes for IAS, UPSC Exams

History Of Modern Europe Mid 18th to Mid 20th Centuries

COUNTER-REVOLUTION II: NATIONAL SOCIALISM IN GERMANY

Structure

27.0 Obcjectives
27.1 lnlroduction
27.2 Background
27.3 German Politics in tlic Ai'~ermath of War
27.4 Formation and Early Years of Nazi Party
2'7.5 . Crisis of Parliamen~ary Republic
27.6 Polilical Consolidation of [lie Nar.is
27.7 State and Society in tlic Third Reich
27.7.1 Subordination 0f Judiciary
27.7.2 Gestapo
27.7.3 Workcrs and I'easants
27.7.4 Women
27.7.5 Ban on Att and Lirrmtur:
27.7.6 Prcss
27.7.7 Policy on Education
27.7.8 Ileliyou. fntolcl.ance
27.8 Genocide of the Jews
27.9 Let Us Suin Up
27.10 Answer5 to Clicck Your Progress E~crciscs

27.0 OBJECTIVES

This is in continuation with the pl-cvious Unit which explained to you the general featrures
of fascism as an extreme right-wing political i'ormation. It also narrated the story of rightwing regimes of Italy and Spain. This Unit takes up the story of the rise of Nazi party in
Germany as the cli~ssic fascist regime. After reading this TJnit, you will:
learn the historical anleccdenis to the rise of rascism in Germany;
get and idea of the clrcumstanccs wluch led to the formation of Nazi party;
tliscover the chanpcs that came about in tile German society after the Nazi take-over in
1933, and; understancl the essence of German I'ascism

27.1 INTRODUCTION

It is important to understand the ideological rangc that is coverd by the right-wing regimes. All
of thcm arc not similar, and can covcr a broad spectrulr~ starting from conservative regimes to
extreme fascist ones. Ttlc regime that took over in Cicrmany in 1933 represented the most
extreme form of t'ascis~u. 'This Unit gives you infomiation about thc roots of German fascism
in the 19th ccnlul-y history of Germany. 11 then tliscusses the crisis of parliamentary democracy
in-Germany in the 1920s which created conditio~~s for the rise of ihscis~n. It also elaborates the,
nature of German fascism and thc fundamental changes that it brought about in German
society.