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(Exam Paper) UPSC IAS Mains 2012: Geography

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(Exam Paper) UPSC IAS Mains 2012: Geography

Paper- I

Section ‘A’

1. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each: 12 × 5 = 60
(a) Paleozoic glacial evidence for Continental Drift.
(b) Systems approach to Landform analysis.
(c) Compare and contrast tropical cyclone and temperate cyclone.
(d) Major components of IGBP.
(e) Different layers of ocean water above abyssal plain.

2. Answer the following in about 400 words each.
(a) Explain how Bosche and Haldenhand lead to the Theory of Slope Replacement. 30
(b) Classify airmasses and explain how ‘cP’ airmass affects global climate. 30

3. Answer the following in about 250 words each:
(a) Discuss how different types of mining lead to different types of environmental problems. 20
(b) Adaptation and distribution of animals in the Ethipian realm. 20
(c) Impact of Cryosphere on global climate. 30

4. Answer the following in about 250 words each:
(a) Characteristics of the standard epigone cycle of erosion. 20
(b) Programmes initiated by the International Council of Science on Earth System studies. 20
(c) “Atolls present the most challenging explanation in the evolution of coral reffs”, Discuss.

Section ‘B’

5. Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each: 12 × 5 = 60
(a) Relevance of distance decay principle in Indian cities.
(b) Impact of migration or urban demography.
(c) Similarities in the population distribution of southern continents and reason for the same.
(d) Status of infant mortality rate in the world.
(e) Problems faced by industries which developed due to inertia.

6. Answer the following in about 400 words each:
(a) Evaluate the various models on population density distribution in urban centres. 30
(b) “Though 70% of Indian population is rural urban planning is crucial to eh development of India.” Discuss 30

7. Answer the following in about 250 words each:
(a) Salient features of watershed planning and is advantages and disadvantages. 20
(b) Impact of changing fertility ratio on world population distribution. 20
(c) “Colonial forces resulted in the primate pattern of urban process in most Southeast Asian countries.” Discuss. 20

8. Answer the following in about 250 words each:
(a) Regional shifts in the world urbanization after 1950 and the varied characteristics of urban process. 20
(b) Impact of failure of Monsoon on Gujarat Agro-climate zone. 20
(c) Locational significance of Rotterdam in European economy. 20

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Paper- II

Section ‘A’

1. On the outline map of India provided to you, mark the location of ALL of the following for which one (1) mark is given to each correct entry.
Writer in your answer script the significant geographical relevance or strategic importance of these locations, whether physical/commercial/economic/ecological/environmental/cultural in not more than 20 words for each entry. Three (3) marks are allotted for each write-up. 4 × 15 = 60
(a) Mansa
(b) Bachau
(c) Gan ga river waterway from Allahabad
(d) Indravati river
(e) Amaravati river
(f) Pir Panjal range
(g) Narkondam Island
(h) Kharkai river
(i) Kalahandi
(j) Kakarapara
(k) Murshidabad
(l) Khetri
(m) Pawapuri
(n) Kolhan highland
(o) North Koel river

2. (a) Explain the structure characteristics of the Deccan plateau. 30
(b) Discuss the role of spatial pattern of rainfall and temperature in the delimitation of climatic regions of India, specially with reference to stamp’s climatic regionalization. 30

3. (a) Delineate the mineral belts of India and mentions their distinctive features. 30
(b) Divide India into agricultural regions and critically examine the role ecological and human factors responsible for transformation of agricultural economy in any one region. 30

4. Write about the following in about 200 words each:
(a) Describe the development of textile industry in India. 20
(b) Examine the role of road transport in regional 20
(c) Identify the spatial pattern of agro-industrial regions of India. Analyse the potentiality of Malwa as an important agro-industrial region of the future. 20

Section ‘B’

5. Write about the following in about 150 words each: 12 × 5 = 60
(a) Factors affecting innovation diffusion.
(b) Linguistic diversity in North-eastern states.
(c) Geographical reasons for the variation in literacy from state to state in India.
(d) Identify Tsunami affected areas and give their management problems in India.
(e) Morphological characteristics of village situated in hilly regions.

6. (a) Evaluate the population policy of India and examine its relevance to the nation’s population control. 30
(b) Give an account of geographical conditions responsible for the development of different types of rural settlements in India. 30

7. (a) Examine the origin, dimensions and implications of the Sino-Indian border dispute. 30
(b) Explain the causes, impact of remedial measures of flood-hazards in the middle Ganga plain. Represent the flood-affected areas of middle Ganga plain of a sketch map in your answer book. 30

8. Write about the following in about 200 words each:

(a) Examine the relevance of linkage of rivers in India with special reference to Ganga-Cauveri linkage canal. 20
(b) How age structure affected dependency ratio? Explain with suitable examples. 20
(c) Elucidate the role of Tribal Development Blocks in the development of Tribal areas. 20