Straying into troubled waters (Indian Express)

Mains Paper 2: International Relations 
Prelims level:Independence Days
Mains level: Bilateral agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests

Context:

• Along the coastal areas of Porbandar, Mangrol, Veraval in Gujarat and the Union Territory of Diu on India’s western coast are hundreds of families whose lives have been worst affected. 
• The men of their households missing with only strayhopes of their return, women and children struggling to make ends meet and see another sunrise. 
• The men are currently in jail in Pakistan, their families barely aware of their health and welfare. 
• Their only ‘crime’ was that they were doing their work in the waters between India and Pakistan. 
• These are fishermen who inadvertentlycrossed the invisible line in the water between the countries.
• As fishermen do not get ample fish on the Gujarat side, they have no option but to go farther and farther out into the sea. 
• As they fish in mid-sea, they end up in waters controlled by Pakistan and are arrested for inadvertently entering into that country.

 Exchanged lists:

• India and Pakistan exchanged lists of prisoners on July 1 as per which 270 Indian fishermen and 54 civilian prisoners are in Pakistan’s prisons. 
• India has 97 Pakistani fishermen and 265 civilian prisoners in its jails. 
• In more friendly or less antagonisticcircumstances, they would have been released after a formal procedure to check that they were really fishermen and not spies. 
• But, in these times of suspicion, the value of their lives lies depends on the bilateral relations. 
• Consequently, their families suffer. On average, these men would have spent one-and-a-half years in prisons. 
• Uncertainty hangs over them, given that in their prison cells, they have little knowledge of when they will be released and repatriated.

 The 2008 proposal:

• This is not a new problem; it has dragged on for years together, without a resolution in sight. 
• To address this issue, in 2008, India and Pakistan had formed a judicial committee consisting of four retired judges from each country. 
• The committee used to visit prisons of the other country specifically to meet the prisoners, examine consular access, status of their cases, delay in release and repatriation, their health condition, and so on. 
• It unanimously suggested release and repatriation of fishermen and a few women prisoners. 
• The governments of both countries praised their work but did not implement the recommendations. 
• The last meeting was held in October 2013. Five years later, there was a move to revive the panel. 
• India nominated its four members but Pakistan did not. It is yet to take a step in that direction. 
• Islamabad must do so urgently and call a meeting, given that the last meeting was held in India.

Returning their boats:

• Further, when fishermen are arrested, their boats are also confiscated.
• Their release means little till they get back possession of their boats from the other country. 
• Both the countries should release those boats which can sail with some repair work. 
• It is also time that the two countries now consider adopting a ‘no-arrest policy’ in the case of fishermen.
• In the coastal villages of both the countries, when men are imprisoned in the other country, women bear the bruntof the load, while somehow holding their families together. 
• The pain is the same on both sides of the border. There are many examples across villages where the children of the arrested fishermen have lost their childhoods. 
• As the COVID-19 pandemic wreaks havoc in both countries, there are growing concerns for the health of the arrested fishermen among their families. 
• There is hardly any communication between the two except for some stray letters which are delayed. 
• The families have no definite way to know that their loved ones are safe from the virus. For the arrested fishermen, it is an issue of survival. 

Conclusion:

• For India and Pakistan celebrating their Independence Days this month, it should become a humanitarian issue and an appropriate occasion to release and repatriatefishermen. 
• Let the fishermen too have their freedoms back.

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Prelims Questions:

Q.1) With reference to FDI in the commercial coal mining, consider the following statements:
1. Recently, the government modified its FDI policy according to which any entity of a country, which shares land border with India or where the beneficial owner of an investment into India is situated in or is a citizen of any such country, could invest only under the Government route.
2. Government of India had earlier permitted 100 % FDI under automatic route in coal mining activities, including associated processing infrastructure for sale of coal.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A.   1 only
B.   2 only
C.   Both 1 and 2
D.   None 

Answer: C

Mains Questions:
Q.1)Highlights the 2008 proposal in relation with fishermen prisoners between India and Pakistan.