(Syllabus) Part - A Preliminary Examination - Syllabus ( Philosophy)
( UPSC
Syllabus )
Part A - Preliminary Examination - Optional Subjects
Examination Syllabus - Subject : Philosophy
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Substance and Attributes : Aristole, Descartes, Locke, Berkeley's criticism, Nyaya-Viasesika, Buddhist criticism of Pudgala.
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God, Soul and the World : Thomas Acquinas, St. Augustine, Spinoza, Descartes, Nyaya-Vaisesika, Sankara, Ramanuja.
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Universals : Realism and Nominalism (Plato, Aristotle, Berkeley's criticism of abstract ideas, Nyay-Vaisesika, Buddhism).
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Bases of Knowledge : Pramanavada in Carvaka, Nyaya-Vaisesika, Buddhism, Advaita Vedanta.
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Truth and Error : Correspondence Theory, Coherence theory, Pragmatic Theory; Khyativada (Anyathakhyati, Akhyati, Anivacaniyakhyati).
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Matter and Mind : Descartes, Spinoza, Leibnitz, Berkerley.
Section-'A' (Problems of Philosophy)
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Truth and Validity
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Classification of sentences : Traditional and Modern.
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Syllogism : Figures and Moods; Rules of Syllogism (General and special) validation by Venn Diagrames; Formal Fallacies.
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Sentential Calculus : Symbolisation; Truth-Functions and their interdefinability; Truth Tables; Formal Proof.
Section-B (Logic)
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Statement of fact and statement of value.
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Right and Good; Teleology and Deontology.
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Psychological Hedonism.
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Utilitarianism (Bentham; J.S. Mill).
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Kantian Ethics.
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Problem of the freedom of will.
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Moral Judgements : Descriptivism, Prescriptivism, Emotivism.
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Niskamakarma : Sthitaprajna.
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Jaina Ethics
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Four Noble Truths and Eight fold path in Buddhism.
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Gandhian Ethics : Satya, Ahimsa, Ends and Means.
Courtesy : UPSC
Section-'C' (Ethics)