(IGP) IAS Pre: GS - Geography - World Geography General: Climatic Region of The World (Part -1)

World Geography General
Climatic Region of The World (Part -1)

Equatorial Climatic Region (0-100 N and S Latitude)

CLIMATIC TYPE	CHARACTERISTICS	DISTRIBUTION (CONTINENT)	SELECTED STATION (COUNTRY)
Hot, Wet Equatorial	High uniform temperature (270C) and heavy well distributed rainfall throughout the year with no distinct season.	Lowlands of the Amazon (South America), the Congo (Africa), Malaysia and the East Indies (Asia).	Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)- A lowland station. Quito (Ecuador)-A highland station.

Tropical Monsoon and Tropical Marine Climate Region

CLIMATIC TYPE	CHARACTERISTICS	DISTRIBUTION (CONTINENT)	SELECTED STATION (COUNTRY)
Tropical Monsoon	Heavy rain with on-shore wet- monsoons in summer and offshore dry monsoons in the winter with three distinct seasons.	Best developed in the Indian sub-continent, South East Asian countries, Southern China (Asia) and Northern Australia. Other regions are Central America, West Indiea (North America), northern coastal region of South America.	Mumbai (India) Cairns (Australia)
Tropical Marine	Experienced along the eastern coasts of tropical lands. Precipi- tation at most places throughout the year from the Trade Winds.	Eastern Brazil (South America), parts of East Africa Madagascar (Asia), the Philippines (Asia) and Northeastern Australia	Durban (South Africa), Havana (Cuba), Manila (Philippines)

The Tropical Continental or Savanna Climatic Region

Tropical and Temperate Desert Climatic Region

Tropical Continental Climatic Region (Sudan Climate or the Savanna Type)

CLIMATIC TYPE

CHARACTERISTICS

DISTRIBUTION (CONTINENT)

SELECTED STATION (COUNTRY)

Tropical Continental (Sudan Climatic or the Savanna Type)

Transtitional type of climate found between the equatorial rain forgets and the trade wind deserts. Characterised by alternate hot rainy seasons and cool dry season and moderate rainfall.

Best developed in the Southern fringe of Sahara in Sudan (Africa.)

Other Areas: East Africa, Southern Africa north of the Tropic of Capri-corn (Africa), Llanos of Orinoco Basin and the Campos of Brazilian Highlands (South America) and to the south of Monsoon region in Australia.

Kano (Nigeria) Salisbury (Zimbabwe)

Tropical and Temperate Desert Climate Region

CLIMATIC TYPE	CHARACTERISTICS	DISTRIBUTION (CONTINENT)	SELECTED STATION (COUNTRY)
Tropical Desert	Region of scanty rainfall which is mainly due to the effect off-shore Trade winds mainly located on the western coasts of continents between latitude 150 to 30⁰ N and S.	The Mohave (Mojave), Sonoran, Californian and Mexican desert (North America); The Atacama or Peruvian desert (South America); The Sahara Kalahari and Namib desert (Africa); The Arabian, Iranian, Thar (Asia); The Great Australian desert (Australia).	Massava (Ethiopia) Tropical Desert
Temperate Deserts	Temperate desert is the region of rain-shadow desert.	Patagonia Turkestan and Gobi.	Kashgar (China) Temperate Desert