(IGP) IAS Pre: GS - Geography - World Geography General: Climatic Region of The World (Part -2)

World Geography General
Climatic Region of The World (Part -2)

NATURAL VEGETATION OF THE WORLD

WHEAT

It probably originated in Asia Minor and the Middle East.

CONDITIONS REQUIRED REGIONS OF CULTIVATION
  • Warm dry, sunny ripening period.
  • A frost free period of 90-100 days for spring wheat, 280 days for winter wheat.
  • Annual rainfall of 25cm-90cm.
  • Well-drained rich loam soils.
  • Undulatinh level land for use of machinery.
 Mid-latitude grassland regions.
  • Prairies in North America,
  • Steppes in Europe,
  • Pampas in Argentina, South Africa and South east Australia.

Other regions like Mediterranean region, North China and even desert and semi desert regions.

RICE

Rice or Paddy is the staple food of over half of world’s population and is the main cereal of humid tropics and sub-tropics.

CONDITIONS REQUIRED REGIONS OF CULTIVATION
  • Growing season of four months with temperature between 200C — 250 C.
  • Annual rainfall of least 125 cm in the growing season
  • Rich alluvial soil with an impermeable sub soil to retain the water.
  • Large labour force to raise and harvest the crop.
  • Deltaic plains, coastal lowlands and river basin of Monsoon Asia in China, Japan,South East Asia, India and Bangladesh.
  • Also growin in river plains outside Monsoon Asia.

Maize

Tea

RICE

Rice or Paddy is the staple food of over half of world’s population and is the main cereal of humid tropics and sub-tropics.

CONDITIONS REQUIRED REGIONS OF CULTIVATION
  • Average summer temperature of 250C or more.
  • Average reainfall of 65cm-100 cm
  • Frost free growing season, atleast 140 frost free
  • Wide range of soil but best grows in rich soils of the sub-tropics with abundant nitrogen.
  • Well-drained lowlands.
 Warm temperate and sub-tropical regions—
  • Corn Belt, USA
  • Argentina and Brazil in South America.
  • China, Central America, South Africa.
  • Region between the Caspian Sea and the
    Black Sea in CIS.

TEA

Native crop of South East Asia, is grown on plantations and is believed to have originated in Yangtze Valley of China.

CONDITIONS REQUIRED REGIONS OF CULTIVATION
  • Average temperate 15-250C.
  • Rainfall of 100 cm evenly distributed throughout the year
  • Well-drained acidic soils therefore, preferably grown on hill slopes.
  • Morning mists and later sunny conditions encourage rapid growth of the young leaves.
  • Labour to cultivate and harvest the crops.
  • India, Sri Lanka (Black Tea.)
  • China (Green Tea).
  • Japan, Indonesia.
  • Taiwan (Oolong Tea).
  • Countries outside the Monsoon Asia-Kenya,
    Malawi, CIS and Turkey.
  • Yarba Mate (a variety of tea) of Paraguay is
    also popular in the world.

Coffee

Cocoa

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