(The Gist of Science Reporter) 3D-printed Biological Tissue [AUGUST-2019]

3D-printed Biological Tissue

Scientists from the University of Illinois at Chicago have developed a 3D-printed biological tissue by using “ink” made up of only stem cells which can differentiate into a wide variety of other cell types.
The team used the stem cells to 3D print a cartilage ear and a rodent-sized “femur”.
The printing of cells has been achieved by using a temporary hydrogel bead bath.
The nozzle of the 3D printer is inserted into the hydrogel beads where it allows the nozzle to move back and forth and deposit a bio-ink consisting of stem cells.
The cells are supported by gel beads which keep them in place and preserve their shape. Then, the hydrogel bead matrix is exposed to UV light, which cross-links the beads together which freezes them in place.
The printed cells are now able to connect with each other, mature and grow within a stable structure.
The hydrogel beads can be removed through gentle agitation, or controlling their degradation, leaving the intact tissue behind.
The study has been published in the journal Materials Horizons.