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(GIST OF SCIENCE REPORTER) Centenary Celebrations of Iconic ‘Bose-Einstein Statistics

(DECEMBER-2024)

Recently the Union Science and Technology Minister virtually inaugurated Centenary celebrations of iconic ‘Bose-Einstein’ Statistics’.

Satyendra Nath Bose was one of the founding fathers of quantum mechanics, the most successful description of the physical world.
His pioneering work on quantum statistics has paved the way for development of modern quantum technologies including Bose-Einstein condensation, quantum superconductivity, and quantum information theory.
In 1924, Bose authored the last of the four revolutionary publications which led to the new quantum mechanics (the others being those of Planck in 1900, Einstein in 1905, and Niels Bohr in 1913).
Half the fundamental particles in the Universe, BOSONS, are named after him.
He derived Planck’s law in a revolutionary way which impressed Einstein, and subsequently they continued their academic interaction.
Their partnership resulted in new physical theories, including 'Bose-Einstein statistics' and the 'Bose-Einstein condensate'.
Along with developing the new quantum statistics, Bose’s work also constitutes the foundation of novel technologies which also finds applications in the Second Quantum Revolution.
In 1948, he set up Bangiya Bijnan Parishad, an institution for the popularization of scientific knowledge in Bengali.

It is an Autonomous Research Institute established in 1986 under Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India to honour the life and work of Professor S. N. Bose.
It plans to celebrate the centenary of Bose’s colossal work in 2024 by organizing three International Conferences and several Outreach Programmes throughout the year.

In quantum statistics, Bose–Einstein statistics (or B–E statistics) describe one of two possible ways in which a collection of non-interacting, indistinguishable particles may occupy a set of available discrete energy states at thermodynamic equilibrium.
The theory of this behavior was developed (1924–25) by Satyendra Nath Bose, who recognized that a collection of identical and indistinguishable particles can be distributed. The idea was later adopted and extended by Albert Einstein in collaboration with Bose.
The Bose–Einstein statistics apply only to those particles not limited to single occupancy of the same state—that is, particles that do not obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle restrictions.
Such particles have integer values of spin and are named bosons, after the statistics that correctly describe their behavior. There must also be no significant interaction between the particles.
Bose–Einstein statistics apply when quantum effects are important and the particles are indistinguishable.