(Download) UPSC TOPPER 2020 : Shivakshi Dixit (AIR-64) IAS Study Notes PDF

(Download) UPSC TOPPER 2020 : Shailja Pandey (AIR-61) IAS Study Notes PDF

• Medium: Hindi
• E-BOOK NAME : YOJANA MAGAZINE PDF -NOVEMBER 2021
• Total Pages: 68
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​विषय सूचि:

• ग्राम सभा के जरिए शासन में जन भागीदारी (सुनील कुमार)

• पंचायतों का सफ़र (डॉ. चंद्र शेखर कुमार,डॉ. मोह्हमद तौक़ीर खान)

• वित्तीय अधिकारों का हस्तांतरण (के. एस सेठी,जी एस कृष्णन)

• ग्राम पंचायत विकास योजनाएं (रेखा यादव,कुणाल बंद्योपाध्याय)

• पंचायतों के लिए प्रोत्साहन (डॉ. बिजय कुमार बेहेड़ा)

• अपशिष्ट प्रबंधन और ग्रामीण नियोजन (मुज़म्मिल खान)

• सतत विकास लक्ष्यों का स्थानीयकरण (सुकन्या केयू,जॉय अलमोन)

• डिजिटल स्थानीय शासन (मयंक खरबंदा)

• लोगों की योजना (श्लोकार्थ (त्रिवेदी)

• सामुदायिक आजीविका सहयोग (सुष्मिता चौधरी)

• सुचना,शिक्षा और संचार (आलोक पंड्या)

• कोविड-19  के दौरान ग्रामीण प्रबंधन (रमिन्दर कौर बटला,यतिका हसीजा)

​

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(Download) NCERT Book For Class IX : Indian Geography

BOOK NAME: Contemporary India

Table of Content

• CHAPTER 1 India – Size and Location
• CHAPTER 2 Physical Features of India
• CHAPTER 3 Drainage
• CHAPTER 4 Climate
• CHAPTER 5 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life
• CHAPTER 6 Population

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• Chapter 1 Resources
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​Content Table:

• Making Gram Sabhas Vibrant (Sunil Kumar)

• Journey of Panchayats (Dr. Chandra Shekhar Kumar, Dr. Mohd Tauqueer Khan)

• Financial Devolution (K S Sethi, G S Krishnan)

• Gram Panchayat Development Plans (Rekha Yadav,Kunal Bandyopadhyay)

• Incentivisation of Pnachyats (Dr. Bijaya Kumar Behera)

• Svamitva Scheme (Alok Prem Nagar)

• Waste Management & Rural Planning (Muzammil Khan)

• Localising SDGs for Panchayats (Sukanya KU, Joy Elamon)

• ISO Certified Gram Panchayats (Mathew Andrew)

• Digital Local Governance (Mayank Kharbanda)

• People's Plan (Shlokarth Trivedi)

• Community Livelihoods Support (Susmita Chaudhury)

• IEC Activities in Panchayats (Alok Pandya)

• Rural Management During COVID-19 (Raminder Kaur Butlar, Yatika Hasija)

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(Success Story) UPSC 2020 TOPPER, Mamta Yadav's (Rank-5) Strategy To Cracking UPSC CSE Every Time

The first one to become an Indian Administrative Officer(IAS) from the village of Basai, a small hamlet near Delhi, Mamta Yadav has done the unthinkable – she has cracked the prestigious UPSC Civil Services Examination in both her attempts. In her first attempt in 2019, she secured an all India rank of 556 and secured a position with the Indian Railways Personnel Services. She appeared for her 2nd attempt in 2020 while serving as an officer with the services. This time, she achieved her dream of becoming an IAS officer.

How Mamta Started Her Journey

Mamta is a graduate in Physics from Hindu College under Delhi University and thus from a core science background. To get a hang of the humanities subjects in the UPSC Civil Services examination, Mamta enrolled with Vajiram and Ravi soon after her graduation. However, she opted to cover her Physics optional on her own. In her second attempt, however, she decided to proceed with self-study. But she took test series mocks for both her prelims and mains examinations.

AIR-5 Mamta Yadav's Strategy

Mamta offers a few valuable steps that every aspirant, especially beginners, should follow to ensure they stand the best possible chance at cracking this exam.

2. Know the exam and steer clear of confusion – The internet is full of white noise and the people around you will all have different opinions. This can lead to confusion in a new aspirant. But one can navigate this by doing your research. Lookup a few topper's strategies and direction by popular institutes. Stick to the most popular and long-proven advice. For example, Mamta did not deviate from the standard books recommended by toppers and institutes alike such as Spectrum for History, Laxmikanth for Polity, NCERTs for Geography and Economics, Shankar IAS for the environment, etc.

2.  The syllabus and previous year's questions are your guides – Follow the topics in the syllabus diligently. Solve at least all papers starting from 2013. One or two questions at the least are repeated each year. Besides, the previous year's questions allow you to understand how to study the material in the syllabus and what kind of knowledge UPSC expects you to have.
3. Solve as many UPSC mock tests as possible – Mamta advises aspirants to take as many mock tests as possible. This will allow you to understand your strengths and weaknesses and you will be able to further tailor your strategy as per your needs. Mamta believes one of the reasons for her lower rank in 2019 was her not taking enough mock tests, including those for essays and ethics papers. This is a mistake that she rectified in this attempt and the resultant success is out there for all to see.
4. Revision is key to cracking prelims – Multiple revisions are what allow an aspirant to cover that extra mile needed to crack the often unpredictable preliminary examination. Mamta recommends revising the static portion at least 5 to 6 times before the prelims exam and paying extra attention to related current affairs.

With a little smart study and effort, you too can become an IAS officer one day. Mamta Yadav wishes all aspirants the best of luck.

Best of Luck.

© IASEXAMPORTAL

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(Download) NCERT Book For Class VII : Geography

Table of Content

• Chapter 1 Environment
• Chapter 2 Inside Our Earth
• Chapter 3 Our Changing Earth
• Chapter 4 Air
• Chapter 5 Water
• Chapter 6 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
• Chapter 7 Human Environment–Settlement, Transport and Communication
• Chapter 8 Human Environment Interactions The Tropical and the Subtropical Region
• Chapter 9 Life in the Temperate Grasslands
• Chapter 10 Life in the Deserts

UPSC MAINS TOPIC WISE PAPER : Science and Technology

1. What do you understand by nanotechnology and how is it helping in health sector?  (UPSC 2020)
2. COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented devastation worldwide. However, technological advancements are being availed readily to win over the crisis. Give an account of how technology was sought to aid management of the pandemic. (UPSC 2020)
3. Describe the benefits of deriving electric energy from sunlight in contrast to the conventional energy generation. What are the initiatives offered by our Government for this purpose? (UPSC 2020)
4. Why is there so much activity in the field of biotechnology in our country? How has this activity benefitted the field of biopharma? (UPSC 2018)
5. Stem cell therapy is gaining popularity in India to treat a wide variety of medical conditions including Leukemia, Thalassemia, damaged cornea and several burns. Describe briefly what stem cell therapy is and what advantages it has over other treatments? (UPSC 2017)
6. What do you understand by 'Standard Positioning Systems' and 'Protection Positioning Systems'in the GPS era? Discuss the advantages India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS programme employing just seven satellites.(UPSC 2015)
7. What are the areas of prohibitive labour that can be sustainably managed by robots? Discuss the initiatives that can propel research in premier research institutes for substantive and gainful innovation.(UPSC 2015)
8. Discuss the advantage and security implications of cloud hosting of servers vis-a-vis in-house machine-based hosting for government businesses.(UPSC 2015)
9. India's Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) which has a database containing formatted information on more than 2 million medicinal formulations is proving a powerful weapon in the country's fight against erroneous patents. Discuss the pros and cons making this database publicly available under open-source licensing.(UPSC 2015)
10. Scientific research in Indian universities is declining, because a career in science is not as attractive as our business operations, engineering or administration, and the universities are becoming consumer oriented. Critically comment. (UPSC 2014)
11. Can overuse and the availability of antibiotics without doctor's prescription, the contributors to the emergence of drug-resistant diseases in India? What are the available mechanisms for monitoring and control? Critically discuss the various issues involved.(UPSC 2014)
12. In a globalised world, intellectual property rights assume significance and are a source of litigation. Broadly distinguish between the terms - copyrights, patents and trade secrets.(UPSC 2014)
13. Bring out the circumstances in 2005 which forced amendment to section 3(d) in the Indian Patent Law, 1970. Discuss how it has been utilized by Supreme court in its judgment rejecting Novartis patent application for "Glivec". Discuss briefly the pros and cons of the decision.(UPSC 2013)
14. What do you understand by fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs)? Discuss their merits and demerits.(UPSC 2013)
15. What do you understand by Umpire decision review in cricket? Discuss its various components. Explain how silicon tape on the edge of a bat may fool the system?(UPSC 2013)
16. What is digital signature? What does its authentication mean? Giver various salient built in features of a digital signature.(UPSC 2013)
17. How does the 3D printing technology work? List out the advantages and disadvantages of the technology.(UPSC 2013)
18. What is an FRP composite material? How are they manufactured? Discuss their applications in aviation and automobile industry.(UPSC 2013)
19. The safe landing of the "Curiosity" Rover under NASA's space programme has sparked many possibilities. What are those and how could humankind benefit from them?(UPSC 2012)
20. Significance of the SPOT-6 rocket launch for ISRO. (UPSC 2012)
21. The Sequoia supercomputer was launched this year. What are its specific features and what is its purpose?(UPSC 2012)
22. The human population is slated to grow to 9 billion by 2050. In this context, many scientists predict that plant genomics would play a critical rule in keeping out hunger and preserving the environment. Explain.(UPSC 2012)
23. Comment on any thirteen of the following in about 50 words each:(UPSC 2011)

• (a) International Year of Chemistry
• (b) The scourge of e-waste
• (c) 'Designer' poultry eggs
• (d) INSPIRE programme of the Department of Science and Technology
• (e) The 'Kessler syndrome' with reference to space debris
• (f) Omega-3 fatty acids in our food
• (g) Difference between 'spin-dyring' and 'tumble-drying' technology with reference to drying of washed clothes
• (h) The diminishing population of vultures 'Arensic-bug' and the significance of its discovery
• (i) F ? 22 'Raptor' aircraft
• (j) 'Concentrated' solar energy and 'photovoltaic' solar energy
• (k) Analog, hybrid and IP systems in CCTV technology
• (l) Various applications of Kevlar
• (m) Differences between Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc

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UPSC MAINS TOPIC WISE PAPER : Disaster Management

1. Discuss the recent measures initiated in disaster management by the Government of India departing from the earlier reactive approach. (UPSC 2020)
2. Disaster preparedness is the first step in any disaster management process. Explain how hazard zonation mapping will help in disaster mitigation in the case of landslides. (UPSC 2019)
3. Vulnerability is an essential element for defining disaster impacts and its threat to people. How and in what ways can vulnerability to disasters be characterized? Discuss different types of vulnerability with reference to disasters. (UPSC 2019)
4. Describe various measures taken in India for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) before and after signing ‘Sendai Framework for DRR (2015-2030)’. How is this framework different from ‘Hyogo Framework for Action, 2005? (UPSC 2018)
5. On December 2004, tsunami brought havoc on 14 countries including India. Discuss the factors responsible for occurrence of Tsunami and its effects on life and economy. In the light of guidelines of NDMA (2010) describe the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events. (UPSC 2017)
6. The frequency of urban floods due to high intensity rainfall is increasing over the years. Discussing the reasons for urban floods. highlight the mechanisms for preparedness to reduce the risk during such events. (UPSC 2016)
7. With reference to National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) guidelines,discuss the measures to be adopted to mitigate the impact of the recent incidents of cloudbursts in many places of Uttarakhand. (UPSC 2016)
8. The frequency of earthquakes appears to have increased in the Indian subcontinent. However, India's preparedness for mitigating their impact has significant gaps. Discuss various aspects.(UPSC 2015)
9. Drought has been recognised as a disaster in view of its party expense, temporal duration, slow onset and lasting effect on various vulnerable sections. With a focus on the September 2010 guidelines from the National  disaster management authority, discuss the mechanism for preparedness to deal with the El Nino and La Nina fallouts in India.(UPSC 2014)
10. How important are vulnerability and risk assessment for pre-disaster management. As an administrator, what are key areas that you would focus in a disaster management.(UPSC 2013)
11. Composition and functions of the National Executive Comittee of the National Disaster Management Authority(UPSC 2012)

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(Download) NCERT Book For Class XII : Political Science - Politics in India Since Independence

Table of Contents

• Chapter 1
  Challenges of nation building
• Chapter 2
  Era of one-party dominance
• Chapter 3
  Politics of planned development
• Chapter 4
  India’s external relations
• Chapter 5
  Challenges to and restoration of the congress system
• Chapter 6
  The crisis of democratic order
• Chapter 7
  Rise of popular movements
• Chapter 8
  Regional aspirations
• Chapter 9
  Recent developments in Indian politics

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(Download) NCERT Book For Class XII : Political Science - Contemporary World Politics

Table of Contents

• Chapter 1
  The Cold War Era
• Chapter 2
  The End of Bipolarity
• Chapter 3
  US Hegemony in World Politics
• Chapter 4
  Alternative Centres of Power
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  Contemporary South Asia
• Chapter 6
  International Organisations
• Chapter 7
  Security in the Contemporary World
• Chapter 8
  Environment and Natural Resources
• Chapter 9
  Globalisation

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UPSC MAINS TOPIC WISE PAPER : Governance

1. “Institutional quality is a crucial driver of economic performance”. In this context suggest reforms in Civil Service for strengthening democracy. (UPSC 2020)
2. What are the methods used by the Farmers organizations to influence the policy-makers in India and how effective are these methods? (UPSC 2019)
3. Initially Civil Services in India were designed to achieve the goals of neutrality and effectiveness, which seems to be lacking in the present context. Do you agree with the view that drastic reforms are required in Civil Services. Comment (UPSC 2017)
4. ‘The emergence of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in contemporary times points to the slow but steady withdrawal of the state from developmental activities’. Examine the role of the SHGs in developmental activities and the measures taken by the Government of India to promote the SHGs. (UPSC 2017)
5. How do pressure groups influence Indian political process? Do you agree with this view that informal pressure groups have emerged as powerful than formal pressure groups in recent years? (UPSC 2017)
6. “In the Indian governance system, the role of non-state actors has been only marginal.” Critically examine this statement. (UPSC 2016)
7. “Traditional bureaucratic structure and culture have hampered the process of socio-economic development in India.” Comment. (UPSC 2016)
8. Examine critically the recent changes in the rules governing foreign funding of NGOs under the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA), 1976.(UPSC 2015)
9. The Self-Help Group (SHG) Bank Linkage Programme (SBLP), which is India's own innovation, has proved to be one of the most effective poverty alleviation and women empowerment programmes. Elucidate.(UPSC 2015)
10. How can the role of NGOs be strengthened in India for development works relating to protection of the environment? Discuss throwing light on the major constraints.(UPSC 2015)
11. The quality of higher education in India requires major improvements to make it internationally competitive. Do you think that the entry of foreign educational institutions would help improve the quality of higher and technical education in the country? Discuss.(UPSC 2015)
12. Public health system has limitations in providing universal health coverage. Do you think that the private sector could help in bridging the gap? What other viable alternatives would you suggest?(UPSC 2015)
13. Though there have been several different estimates of poverty in India, all indicate reduction in poverty levels over time. Do you agree? Critically examine with reference to urban and rural poverty indicators.(UPSC 2015)
14. In the light of the Satyam Scandal (2009), discuss the changes brought in corporate governance to ensure transparency, accountability.(UPSC 2015)
15. "If amendment bill to the Whistleblowers Act, 2011 tabled in the Parliament is passed, there may be no one left to protect." Critically evaluate. (UPSC 2015)
16. "For achieving the desired objectives, it is necessary to ensure that the regulatory institutions remain independent and autonomous." Discuss in the light of the experiences in recent past.(UPSC 2015)
17. Though 100 percent FDI is already allowed in non-news media like a trade publication and general ntertainment channel, the Government is mulling over the proposal for increased FDI in news media for quite some time. What difference would an increase in FDI make? Critically evaluate the pros and cons.(UPSC 2014)
18. The setting up of a Rail Tariff Authority to regulate fares will subject the cash strapped Indian Railways to demand subsidy for obligation to operate non-profitable routes and services. Taking into account the experience in the power sector, discuss if the proposed reform is expected to benefit the consumers, the Indian Railways or the private container operators.(UPSC 2014)
19. National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in India can be most effective when its tasks are adequately supported by other mechanisms that ensure the accountability of a government. In light of the above observation assess the role of NHRC as an effective complement to the judiciary and other institutions in promoting and protecting human rights standards. (UPSC 2014)
20. The penetration of Self Help Groups (SHGs) in rural areas in promoting participation in development programmes is facing socio-cultural hurdles. Examine. (UPSC 2014)
21. Do government's schemes for up-lifting vulnerable and backward communities by protecting required social resources for them, lead to their exclusion in establishing businesses in urban economics?(UPSC 2014)
22. An athlete participates in Olympics for personal triumph and nation's glory; victors are showered with cash incentives by various agencies, on their return. Discuss the merit of state sponsored talent hunt and its cultivation as against the rationale of a reward mechanism as encouragement. (UPSC 2014)
23. Should the premier institutes like IITs/IIMs be allowed to retain premier status, allowed more academic independence in designing courses and also decide mode/criteria of selection of students. Discuss in light of the growing challenges.(UPSC 2014)
24. Has the Cadre based Civil Services Organisation been the cause of slow change in India? Critically examine.(UPSC 2014)
25. Two parallel run schemes of the Government viz. the Adhaar Card and NPR, one as voluntary and the other as compulsory, have led to debates at national levels and also litigations. On merits, discuss whether or not both schemes need run concurrently. Analyse the potential of the schemes to achieve developmental benefits and equitable growth.(UPSC 2014)
26. The product diversification of financial institutions and insurance companies, resulting in overlapping of products and services strengthens the case for the merger of the two regulatory agencies, namely SEBI and IRDA. Justify.(UPSC 2013)
27. The concept of Mid-Day Meal (MDM) scheme is almost a century old in India with early beginnings in Madras Presidency in pre-independent India. The scheme has again been given impetus in most states in the last two decades. Critically examine its twin objectives, latest mandates and success.(UPSC 2013)
28. Pressure group politics is sometimes seen as the informal face of politics. With regards to the above, assess the structure and functioning of pressure groups in India.(UPSC 2013)
29. The legitimacy and accountability of Self Help Groups (SHGs) and their patrons, the micro-finance outfits, need systematic assessment and scrutiny for the sustained success of the concept. Discuss.(UPSC 2013)
30. The Central Government frequently complains on the poor performance of the State Governments in eradicating suffering of the vulnerable sections of the society. Restructuring of Centrally sponsored schemes across the sectors for ameliorating the cause of vulnerable sections of population aims at providing flexibility to the States in better implementation. Critically evaluate.(UPSC 2013)
31. Electronic cash transfer system for the welfare schemes is an ambitious project to minimize corruption, eliminate wastage and facilitate reforms. Comment.(UPSC 2013)
32. The basis of providing urban amenities in rural areas (PURA) is rooted in establishing connectivity. Comment.(UPSC 2013)
33. Identify the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that are related to health.Discuss the success of the actions taken by the Government for achieving the same.(UPSC 2013)
34. Though Citizen's charters have been formulated by many public service delivery organizations, there is no corresponding improvement in the level of citizens' satisfaction and quality of services being provided. Analyse.(UPSC 2013)
35. 'A national Lokpal, however strong it may be,cannot resolve the problems of immorality in public affairs'. Discuss.(UPSC 2013)
36. What is the 'Parivarik Mahila Lok Adalat'?(UPSC 2012)
37. What are the salient features of the Consumer Protection (Amendment) Bill, 2011 introduced in the Lok Sabha in December 2011?(UPSC 2012)
38. Critically review the international concern in achieving the targets set for the Millennium Development Goals.(UPSC 2012)
39. Keeping in view the informal sector's share in the total workforce of the country, critically examine the relevant inclusive measures initiated by the Government of India and their effectiveness.(UPSC 2012)
40. To implement one key recommendation of the Mohini Giri Committee, the Government has recently announced the constitution of a National Council. Highlight the composition and the mandate of this National Council(UPSC 2012).
41. Comment on the recent launching of the National Mission on Libraries (NML).(UPSC 2012)
42. The Human Papilloma Virus vaccine has been making the headlines in the recent months. Who make the ideal candidates for receiving this vaccine and what are its benefits?(UPSC 2012)
43. "There is an urgent need for the Planning Commission to revise the chapter on health in the 12th Plan document." Comment.(UPSC 2012)
44. What do you understand by the term "Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis" {MDR-TB)? What measures would you advocate for its containment and what are the implications of its spread in the community?(UPSC 2012)
45. Despite strict prohibitory regulations, "doping" has become increasingly common amongst athletes.Name five commonly used performance- enhancing drugs. What are the risks associated with their use?(UPSC 2012)
46. Problems specific to the denotified and nomadic tribes in India.(UPSC 2011)
47. E-governance initiatives by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC 2012)
48. The Bihar Special Courts Act, 2009 and why it has been in the news recently?(UPSC 2012)
49. Critically examine the design of the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) scheme. Do you think it has a better chance of success than the Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) in achieving its objectives?(UPSC 2012)
50. Highlight the structure, objectives and role of the Advertising Standards Council of India, In what way has the August 2006 government notification made it more effective?(UPSC 2012)
51. Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS).(UPSC 2012)
52. Benefits and potential drawbacks of 'cash-transfers' to 'Below Poverty Line' (BPL) households.(UPSC 2012)

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