GS Mains Model Question & Answer: Explain the difference between Mathura and Gandhara school of art? Comment
GS Mains Model Question & Answer: Explain the difference between Mathura and Gandhara school of art? Comment
Q. Explain the difference between Mathura and Gandhara school of art? Comment
Model Answer:
Explain the difference between Mathura and Gandhara school of art?
Areas of differences Gandhara School of art Mathura School of Art
Reign Kushana Dynasty Kushana Dynasty
Area Northwest Frontier Mathura
Outside influences Greek influence
- Purely indigenous
- No foreign influence Religious influence Buddhism Hellenistic realism
- Hinduism
- Buddhism
- Jainism
- Secularism
Material Used Bluish- Grey sandstone
Grey sandstone Spotted red sandstone
Features of Buddha sculptures Spiritual Buddha
Sad Buddha
Bearded Buddha
Less ornamentation
Great detailing
Buddha in Yogi postures
Greek factors like wavy hair, large forehead, long ears Delighted Buddha
Less spiritualShaven head and face
Muscularity
Energetic
Graceful posture of Buddha
Seated in Padmasana
Buddha surrounded by two monks: Padmapani (holding Lotus) and Vajrapani( Holding
Vajra)
Halo around the head of Buddha decorated with geometrical motifs
The Standing Buddhas of the Sravasti, Sarnath, and Kausambhi
Sarvatobhadrika image of 4 Jain Jinas
Various Mudras of Buddha in Gandhara Art Abhayamudra- Don’t fear Bhumisparshamudra -Touching the earth Dhyana mudra- Meditation Dharmachakramudra- A preaching mudra