(THE GIST OF PIB) Alaria

(APRIL-2025)

Alaria

• World Malaria Day is observed every year on April 25, as endorsed by WHO member states in 2007.

• The theme for 2025 is “Malaria Ends With Us: Reinvest, Reimagine, Reignite”, which urges renewed global action against malaria through innovation, collaboration, and sustained commitment.

About Malaria

• Malaria is a life-threatening febrile illness caused by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.

• The disease is not contagious, but can be spread through infected blood or contaminated needles.

• The most dangerous species are Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.

Symptoms and Risks

• Symptoms appear 10–15 days after infection and include fever, chills, and headache.

• Severe symptoms can include seizures, difficulty breathing, jaundice, dark urine, and death if untreated.

• Partial immunity can develop in endemic regions, making diagnosis difficult in some patients.

Prevention and Treatment

• Prevention includes vector control, use of mosquito nets, repellents (DEET, IR3535, Icaridin), long clothing, and chemoprophylaxis for travelers.

• Early diagnosis and treatment using microscopy or rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) is critical.

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Courtesy: PIB