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Medieval Indian History
Chronology of Events in Medieval India

 

753-973 Rashtrakutas of Deccan
760-1142 Palas of eastern India
770-810 Dharmapala, the greatest Pala, and foundation of the Vikramasila University
783-1036 Gujara-Pratiharans of northern India, founded by Vatsaraja of Rajasthan
788-820 Sankaracharya and his philosophy of Advaitavada
835-885 Bhoja of Gujara-Pratihara dynasty; visit of Sulaiman, an Arab merchant, to his kingdom
850 Capture of Tanjore by Vijayalaya Chola from the Pandyas
860 King Balaputra fo Sumatra (Indonesia) establishes a monastery at Nalanda
871-1173 Imperial Cholas of Tanjore
883-1026 Hindushahis of Punjab and Kabul
915-927 Indra-III, one of the greatest Rashtrakuta rules: visit of AIMasudi (an Arab traveler) to hiskingdom.
916-2103 Chandellas of Jeja Kabhukti (Bundelkhand); construction of Khajuraho temples.
940-967 940-967 Krishna-III, another great Rashtakuta ruler
950-1195 Kalachuris of Tripuri in central India
973-1189 Chalukya dynasty of Kalyani (later of western Chalukyas)
973-1192 Chahamanas (Chauhanas) of Sakambhari (Ajmer)
974-1233 Paramaras (Pawars) of Dhar (Malwa)
974-1238 Solankis (Gujarati Chalukyas) of Ahnilwaa (Kathiawr)
985-1014 Reign of Rajaraja Chola; construction of the famous Siva or Brihadeeswara temple at Tanjore
1000-1323 Kakatiyas of Warangla, Beta Raja I (founder), Prataparudradeva (lastruler)
1001 1001 Battle of Waihind and defeat of Jaipal (Hindushahi ruler) by Mahmud of Ghazni
1001-1026 17 raids by Mahmud of gazni into India-sack of the Somnath Temple in the last raid.
1014-1044 Reign of Rajendra Chola
1020-1030 Al-Beruni visited India and rotoe Tahqiate-i-Hind.
1022 Chola expedition of the Gangetic Valley; Defeat of the Somavamsas of Orissa and the Palas of Bengal
1025 Chola naval expedition to Sri Vijaya and its conquest
1076 Merger of the Vengi Kingdom to the Chola Empire by Kulottunga
1076-1435 Eastern Gangas of Orissa; construction of the Lingaraja and Jagannatha temples at bhuvaneswar and Puri respectively by Anantavarman Chodaganga (founder); construction f the Sun temple at Konark in 1250 by Narasimha I (second Ganga)
1080- 194 Gahadvalas of Kanauj
1106-1141 Reign of Vishnuvardhana, Hoysala ruler; His patronage of Ramanuja; construction of the famous Hoysaleswara of Vishnu temple at Halebid.
1118-1205 Senas of Bengal; Vijayasena (founder); Lakshmana Sena (last rule).
1175 Muhammad of Ghur’s conquest of the Punjab.
1178 Muhammad’s defeat by Bhima II, the Solanki ruler of Gujarat
1189-1311 Yadavas of Devagiri; Founder- Bhillama; Last ruler-Ram Chanda
1191 First Battle of Tarain and Prthviraj’s victory over Muhammad
1192 Second Battle of Tarain and Muhammad victory over Prithviraj
1194 Battle of Chandwar and defeat and murder of Jai Chandra (Gahadvala ruler of Knnauj) by Muhammad.
1202 Conquest f Bihar and Bengla by Bakhtiyar Khalji
1206 Death of Muhammad of Ghur and establishment of Delhi Sultanate by Qutbuddin Aibak
1206-1290 Salve Sultans of Delhi
1211-1236 Reign of Iltutmish and consolidation of Turkish rule in north India.
1216-1223 Pandyas of Madurai
1221 Invasion of north-wet India by Chengiz Khan
1228 Conquest of Kamarupa by Sukhapa, the firt Ahom king.
1231 Completion of the contruction of Qutub Minar at Delhi
1266-1286 Reign of Balban
1288-1293 Marco Polo (theVenetian traveler) in India
1290-1320 Khaljis of the Delhi Sultanate
1296-1316 Reign of Alauddin Khalji and his reforms and conquests
1296-1306 Mangol attacks and their repulsion by Alauddin
1309-1311 Malik Kafur’s expedition to south Indai
1320-1414 Tughlaqs rule on Delhi
1325-1351 Reign of Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq
1327 Transfer of capital form Deli to Daulatabad (Ancient Devgiri)
1329 Issue of coper token currency
1334-1337 Sultanate of Madurai
1336-1352 Vijayanagar Empire
1336-1342 Ibn Battutah’s stay in India (Moroccan traveler)
1337 Muhammad- bin-Tug h la q’ s expedition to Karachil
1339-1561 Shahmiri Dynasty of Kashmir
1345-1538 Ilyas Shahi Dynasty of Bengal
1347-1518 Bhamani Kingdom
1351-1388 Firoz Shah Tughuq’s reign
1361 Firoz Shah’s invasion of Orissa (Jajnagar)
1389-1601 Faruqi Kingdom of Khandesh
1394-1505 Sharqui Kingdom of Jaunpur)
1398 Timru’s Invasion of India
1404-1436 Ghurid Dynasty of Malwa
1407-1572 Kingdom f Gujarat under the Shahs
1414-1451 Sayyida f Delhi
1420 Visit of Nicolo de Conti (Venetian traveler) to Vijayanagar
1429 Transfer of Bahmani capital from Gulbarga to Bidar by Ahmad Shah Wali
1435-1542 Gajapais of Oriss
1436-1531 Khaliji Sultans of Malwa
1438-1468 Reign of Rana Kumbha in Mewar
1443 Abdur Razak’s (Persain) visit to India
1451-1526 Lodi Sultans of Delhi
1469 Birth of Guru Nanak
1481 Murder of Mahmud Gawan, Wazir (1463-81) of the Bahmani Kingdom, and beginning of its disintegration
1490-1633 Nizamshahis of Ahmednagr
1490-1686 Adilshahis of Bijapur
1490-1574 Imadshahis of Berar
1498 Vasco da Gama in Calicut
1506 Transfer of capital fromDelhi to Agra by Sikander Lodi
1509-1528 Reign of Rana Sanga in Mewar
1509-1529 Reign of Sri Krishna Deva Raja; Visits of Paces, and Barbosa (both Portugese) to Vijaynagar
1510 Conquest of Goa by the Portuguese
1518-1687 Qutubshahis of Golconda
1526 First Battle of Panipat and defeat of Ibrahim Lodi by Babur.
1528-1619 Baridshahis of Bidar
1529 Battle of Ghagara and Babur’s defeat of Afghans under Muhammad Lodi
1535 Visit of Nuniz (Portuguest) to vijayanagar Achyut Raya
1539 Battle of Chausa and first defeat of Humayun by Sher Shah
1540 Battle of Bilgram (or Kannauj) and second and final defeat of Humayun by Sher Shah
1596 Introductionof the dual rank (mansab) of Zat and Sawar
1602 Murder of Abul Fazal by Bir Singh Bundelat at the instigation of Prince Salim
1605-1627 Reign of Jahangir
1606 Rebellion of Pricne Khusrau and execution of the Fifth Sikh Guru Arun by Jahangir
1608-1626 Prime ministership of Mlik Ambar of Ahmadangar, Hismilitary exploits and administrative reforms
1611 Nur Jahan’s marriage with Jahangir
1612 Annexation of Kooch Hajo to the Mughal Empire
1615 Conclusion of peace with Mewar under Rana Amar Singh
1622-1624 Rebellion of Prince Khurram (Shah Jahan)
1626 Rebellion of Mahabat Khan and temporary arrest of Jahangir
1627-1658 Reign of Shah Jahan
1631 Death of Mumtaz Mahal
1636 Imposition of treaties on Bijapur and Golcunda by Shahjahan Appointment of Aurangazeb as viceroy of the Deccan
1656 Annexation of Javli by Shivaji
1656-1658 War of Succession among the four sons of Shah Jahan
1658 Battles of Dharmat (April) and Samugarh (May) in which dara was defeated by Aurngzeb; imprisonment of Shah jahan by Aurangazeb (June) at Arga; Coronation of Aurangazeb
1658-1707 Aurangazeb’s reign.
1659 Battles of Khajwah and Deorai in which Dara was finally defeated; capture and execution of Dara; imprisonment of Murad (who was ultimately executed in 1661); Murder of Afzal Khan by Shivaji.
1660 Expulsion of Shuja from Bengal to Arakan; Appointment of Mir Jumla as governor of Bengal
1661 Mughal capture of Cooch Behar
1662 Mir Jumla’s invasion of Assam and imposition of a treaty on Ahoms
1664 Sack of Surat by Shivaji
1665 Conclusion of the Treaty of Purandhar between Shivaji and Jai Singh
1666 Death of Shah Jahan; Shivaji’s visit to Agra and escape
1668 Issue of new religious ordinances by Aurangazeb
1669 Revolt of the Jats under Gokla
1670 Second sack of Surat by Shivaji
1671 Revolt of Chatrasal Bundela
672 Satnami Rebellion; Revolt of Afridis in the north west
1674 Shivaji’s coronation and assumption of the title of “Chatrapati
1675 Execution of Guru Teg Bahadur (9th Guru of the Sikhs)
1678 Death of Raja Jaswant Singh of Marwar
1679 Reimposition of ‘Jizya’ by Aurangazeb; Rebellion of Rathors of Marwar under Durgadas and Marwar campaign by the Mughals
1680 Death of Shivaji; Rebellion of Prince Akbar
1681 Aurangazeb’s arrival in Deccan in pursuit of his rebellious son, Akbar
1682 Conquest and annexation of Bijapur
1687 Conquest and annexation of Golconda
1689 Captur and execution of Shambhaji by the Mughal commander Muqarrab Khan at Sangmeshwar; Accession of Rajaram to the Maratha throne.
1700 Death of Rajaram and accession of Shivaji II with Tarabai as regent.
1707 Death of Aurangazeb at Aurangabad; Release of Shalu; from Mughal captivity; Beginning of civil war between Shahu and Tarabai.
1708 Battle of Khed and occupation of Satara by Shahu; Coronation of Shalu as Chatrapati and grant of the title of ‘Senakarte’ to Balaji Vishwanath by him.
1713-1720 Peshwaship of Balaji Vishwanath.
1714 Final defeat and imprisonment of Tarabai by Shahu, thus bringing the civil war to an end.
1719 Conclusion of an arrangement between Balaji Vishwanath and the Sayyid Brothers.
1720-1740 Peshwaship of Baji RaoI, beginning of the system of Marath confederacy and northward expansion of the Maraths.
1740-1761 Peshwaship of Balaji Rao (Nana Saheb); Further expansion of Maratha power and influence.
1749 Death of Shahu and further strengthening of the position of the Peshwa
1761 Third Battle of Panipat between Maraths and Afghans; Death of Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao.

 

Medieval Rajput & Hindu Dynasties

Dynaties Regions Rulers
1. Pala Bengal and Bihar
  • Gopal was the founder of the dynasty.
2. Chandela Bundelkhand (Khajuraho)
  • Nanunka was thefounder the of the dynsty.
  • Dhanj and Ganda were treat rulers.
  • Vidhyadhana bravely faced gorm’s attack.
3. Chauhan Sakaambhari (Ajmera)
  • Ajay Raj founded Ajay meral Ajamer)
  • Arono Raj made Ana Sagar
  • Prithvi Raj was themost famous ruler.
4. Gadahval Middle Gangetic
  • Jayachand was plain (Kannauj) defeeated by Md. Gori in 1194 at the battle of Chandawar
5. Rathore Jodhpur (Marwar)
  • Rao Siha ounded the dynasty
  • The greatest ruler was Raja Maldev.
6. Sisodia Mewar
  • Ralers called them selves Maharana.
  • Rana Kumbha made Kumbhalgarha.
  • Ranasanga fought against Babur at Khanva in 1527.
  • Ude Singh made Udaipur.
  • Maha Rana Pratap Singh led Mewar army in the battle of Ma ldi h aha t i against Man Singh.
7. Bhati Sindh (Amerkot)
  • Virsal protected Humayun.
8. Kachha vaha Jaipur and Amer
  • Bharmal and Man Singh associated themselves with Akbar through matrimonial alliance.
9. Rastrakut Maharashtra
  • Krishna I made Kailash Temple of Ellora
10. Parmar Malwa
  • Bhoja made Bhojpura Siva temple and found city of Bhojpat (Bhopal) and wrote Sarswati Kantha Sharma and Samagrangan Sutradhar.

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