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(Sample Material) IAS Mains GS Online Coaching : Paper 3 - "Different Types Of Irrigation And Irrigation Systems"

Sample Material of Our IAS Mains GS Online Coaching Programme

Subject: General Studies (Paper 3 - Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)

Topic: Different Types Of Irrigation And Irrigation Systems

(4B) DIFFERENT TYPES OF IRRIGATION AND IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

• Irrigation is one 6f the most important’ critical inputs for enhancing the productivity that is required at different critical stages of plant growth of various crops for optimum production.
• The Government of India has taken up irrigation potential creation through public funding and is assisting farmers to create potential on their own farms.

SOURCES OF IRRIGATION IN INDIA:

• Currently, about 30-40% of the net cultivated area has benefited from the irrigation projects that have been implemented. Remaining 60-70% of area is rainfed and depends upon Monsoon.

STATES UNDER WELLS IRRIGATION:

• Well Irrigation is common in alluvial plains of the country except the deserts of Rajasthan. Plains of UP, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka & Tamil Nadu are the states which are more prominently under the well irrigation.

STATES UNDER CANAL IRRIGATION:

• Canais are second most important source of irrigation in India after wells and tube wells. The Canals are irrigating those lands: which have large plains, fertile, soils and perennial rivers. The plains of North India are mostly canal irrigated, Other part’s are coastal low lands and some parts of Peninsular India; The states are: Ahdhra Pradesh, Assam, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, West Bengal, Punja, Rajasthan, Bihar, Karnataka, Tamilnadu and UP.

MAJOR STATES UNDER TANK IRRIGATION:

• The Tank irrigation is more in the rocky plateau area of the county, where the rainfall is uneven and highly seasonal. The Eastern Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Interiors of Tamil Nadu and some parts of Andhra Pradesh have more land under tank irrigation.

IRRIGATION SCHEMES:

The Planning commission has classified the irrigation in India in 3 types:

• Major irrigation Scheme: Major irrigation schemes are those schemes which have a Culturable Command Areas of More than 10,000 hectares.
• Medium irrigation Schemes : The Medium Irrigation Schemes have a CCA of 2,000-10,000 hectares.
• Minor Schemes: Those with Culturable command areas up to 2000 hectares.