UPSC Mains Exam Syllabus - Malayalam Optional
UPSC Mains Exam Syllabus - Malayalam (Literature)
::Paper – 1::
(Answers must be written in Malayalam)
Section "A"
1—Early phase of Malayalam Language :
- 1.1 Various theories : Origin from proto Dravidian, Tamil, Sanskrit.
- 1.2 Relation between Tamil and Malayalam : Six nayas of A. R. Rajarajavarma.
- 1.3 Pattu School—Definition, Ramacharitam, later pattu works—Niranam works and Krishnagatha.
2—Linguistic features of :
- 2.1 Manipravalam—definition. Language of early manipravala works—Champu, Sandesakavya, Chandrotsava, minor works. Later manipravala works—medieval Champu and Attakkatha.
- 2.2 Folklore—Southern and Northern ballads, Mappila songs.
- 2.3 Early Malayalam Prose—Bhashakautaliyam, Brahmandapuranam, Attaprakaram, Kramadipika and Nambiantamil.
3—Standardisation of Malayalam :
- 3.1 Peculiarities of the language of Pana, Kilippattu and Tullal.
- 3.2 Contributions of indigenous and European missionaries to Malayalam.
- 3.3 Characteristics of contemporary Malayalam; Malayalam as administrative language. Language of scientific and technical literature—media language.
Section "B"
Literary History
4—Ancient and Medieval Literature :
- 4.1 Pattu—Ramacharitam, Niranam Works and Krishnagatha.
- 4.2 Manipravalam—early and medieval manipravala works including attakkatha and champu.
- 4.3 Folk Literature.
- 4.4 Kilippattu, Tullal and Mahakavya.
5—Modern Literature—Poetry :
- 5.1 Venmani poets and contemporaries.
- 5.2 The advent of Romanticism—Poetry of Kavitraya i.e., Asan, Ulloor and Vallathol.
- 5.3 Poetry after Kavitraya.
- 5.4 Modernism in Malayalam Poetry.
6—Modern Literature—Prose :
- 6.1 Drama.
- 6.2 Novel.
- 6.3 Short story.
- 6.4 Biography, travelogue, essay and criticism.
IAS Mains General Studies Study Kit
::Paper - 2::
(Answers must be written in Malayalam)
Section "A"
This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and is designed to test the candidate’s critical ability.
Unit 1
- 1.1 Ramacharitam—Patalam 1.
- 1.2 Kannassaramayanam—Balakandam first 25 stanzas.
- 1.3 Unnunilisandesam—Purvabhagam 25 slokas including Prastavana.
- 1.4 Mahabharatham Kilippattu—Bhishmaparvam.
Unit 2
- 2.1 Kumaran Asan—Chintavisthayaya Sita.
- 2.2 Vailoppilli—Kutiyozhikkal.
- 2.3 G. Sankara Kurup—Perunthachan.
- 2.4 N. V. Krishna Variar—Tivandiyile pattu.
Unit 3
- 3.1 O. N. V.—Bhumikkoru Charamagitam.
- 3.2 Ayyappa Panicker—Kurukshetram.
- 3.3 Akkittam—Pandatha Messanthi.
- 3.4 Attur Ravivarma—Megharupan.
Section "B"
Unit 4
- 4.1 O. Chanthu Menon—Indulekha.
- 4.2 Thakazhy—Chemmin.
- 4.3 O. V. Vijayan—Khasakkinte Ithihasam.
Unit 5
- 5.1 M. T. Vasudevan Nair—Vanaprastham (Collection).
- 5.2 N. S. Madhavan—Higvitta (Collection).
- 5.3 C. J. Thomas—1128-il Crime 27.
Unit 6
- 6.1 Kuttikrishna Marar—Bharataparyatanam.
- 6.2 M. K. Sanu—Nakshatrangalute Snehabhajanam.
- 6.3 V. T. Bhatttathirippad—Kannirum Kinavum.