(MCQ) NCERT Books Class-12 : Contemporary World Politics (New)

(MCQ) NCERT Books Class-12 : Contemporary World Politics (New)

1. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) brought out a report in 1972 entitled Towards a New Trade Policy for Development. The report proposed a reform of the global trading system so as to:
1. give the LDCs control over their natural resources exploited by the developed Western countries
2. Obtain access to Western markets so that the LDCs could sell their products and, therefore, maketrade more beneficial for the poorer countries,
3. reduce the cost of technology from the Western countries, and
4. provide the LDCs with a greater role in international economic institutions.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 3 and 4 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans: D

2. The disintegration of Soviet Union was one of the most important events that altered the global geopolitics after the second world war. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct one/s.
1. A coup took place in 1991 that was encouraged by Communist Party hardliners.
2. Boris Yeltsin emerged as a national hero in opposing this coup.
3. In December 1991, under the leadership of Yeltsin, Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, three major
republics of the USSR, declared that the Soviet Union was disbanded.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans: D

3. European Union is a major alternate political and economic power centre in the unipolar world led by US. Consider the following statements about origin of EU. Which of the following is/are not correct?
1. European integration after 1947 was aided by the Cold War.
2. Under the Marshall Plan, the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) was established in 1948 to channel aid to the east European states.
3. The Council of Europe was established in 1948, which was another step forward in political cooperation.
Code:
a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) All of the above
Ans:D

4. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) came into being after the socialist revolution in Russia in 1917. Which of the following statements is/are correct in this regard?
1. The revolution was inspired by the ideals of socialism, as opposed to capitalism, and the need for an egalitarian society.
2. In doing so, the makers of the Soviet system gave primacy to the state and the institution of the party.
3. This was perhaps the biggest attempt in human history to abolish the institution of private property and consciously design a society based on principles of equality.
Codes:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans: D

5. Consider the following statement about ASEAN and choose the incorrect one/s.
1. ASEAN Community comprises of three pillars, namely, the ASEAN Military Community, the ASEAN Economic Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community.
2 The ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), which was established in 1994, is the organisation that carries out coordination of security and foreign policy.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: A

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6. Consider the following statements about relation between India and it’s neighbours.
1. India and Nepal had conflicts related to migration of ethnic Napalese into India.
2. In 1960, with the help of the World Bank, India and Pakistan signed the Indus Waters Treaty.
Which of these statements are not correct?
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: A

7. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is a major regional initiative by the South Asian states to evolve cooperation through multilateral means. Which among the following statements is/are correct in this regard?
1. SAARC was comparatively successful in most of the arenas inspite of the political differences between the member countries.
2. External influence of non-regional players is a major bone of contention which prevents attainment of full potential of SAARC.
Code:
a) Only 1 b) Only 2
c) Both 1 and 2 d) None of these
Ans: B

8. Contemporary World Politics have expanded its scope to include environmental concerns as the major element in global politics today. Which of the following statement/s is are correct regarding this?
1. Throughout the world, cultivable area is barely expanding anymore, and a substantial portion of existing agricultural land is losing fertility.
2. There is a steady decline in the total amount of ozone in the Earth’s stratosphere.
3. Coastal waters are relatively less polluted than the open sea.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 only d) All of the above
Ans: A

9. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio De Janeiro, in June 1992, which was also called Earth Summit and is marked as the watershed in the history of climate change and sustainable development. Choose the correct statement/s in this regard.
1. The Summit was attended by 170 states, thousands of NGOs and many multinational corporations.
2. The 1987 Brundtland Report, ‘Our Common Future’ acted as a precursor to Earth Summit.
3. In ‘Agenda 21’, there was a consensus between developed and developing countries, on combining economic growth with ecological responsibility.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) All of the above
Ans: D

10. Consider the following statements about the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and choose the correct one/s.

1. It provides that the parties should act to protect the climate system “on the basis of equity and in accordance with their common but differentiate capabilities and respective capabilities”.
2. India, China and other developing countries were exempted from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: C

11. What is often called economic globalization usually involves greater economic flows among different countries of the world. Choose the correct statements from the following about the features of economic globalisation.
1. The restrictions imposed by different countries on allowing the imports of other countries have been reduced.
2. The restrictions on movement of capital across the countries have been increased.
3. Developed countries carefully guarded their borders with visa policies to ensure that citizens of other countries cannot take away the jobs of their own citizens.
Code:
a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 only d) All the above
Ans: A

12. Choose the correct statements about reasons for acceleration of globalization:
1. The invention of the telegraph, telephone and microchip has revolutionized communication.
2. Printing came into being laying the basis for the creation of nationalism.
3. Technology affects not only the way we think of our personal but also our collective lives.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All the above
Ans: D

13. World Social Forum is a global platform opposed to neoliberal globalization. Which of the following statements about WSF is/are incorrect?
1. It is a wide coalition composed of human rights activists, environmentalists, labour, youth and women activists.
2. The first WSF meeting was organized in Porto Alegre, Brazil in 2000.
3. Fourth and seventh WSF meeting were held in Mumbai in 2004 and 2007 respectively.
Code:
a) 1 and 3 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 3 only d) 1 and 2 only
Ans: B

14. Consider the following statements about Amnesty International and choose the incorrect one/s.

1. Amnesty International is a part of United Nation campaigns for the protection of human rights all over the world.
2. A major focus of Amnesty is the misconduct of government authorities.
3. Amnesty promotes respect for all human rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 2 only d) None of the above
Ans: A

15. International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that oversees those financial institutions and regulations that act at the international level. Consider the following statements and choose the correct one/s.
1. The IMF has 188 member countries but they do not enjoy an equal say
2. The IMF promotes international monetary co-operation and exchange rate stability
3. IMF is a United Nations specialized agency
Code:
a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only
c) All of the above d) 1 and 3 only
Ans: B

16. Which among the following gives more weightage to India’s proposal for permanent membership in the Security Council.
a) India’s growing economic power and stable political system
b) Nuclear capability
c) It has been a member of UN since its inception
d) It is located in Asia
Ans: A

17. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight international development goals that were established following the Millennium Summit of UN in 2000. Which among the following are Millennium Development Goals?
1. To achieve Universal Primary Education
2. To improve Maternal Health
3. Provide safe Drinking Water
4. To improve Sanitation
5. To develop Global Partnership for Development
6. To promote Gender Equality and Empower Women.
Code:
a) 1, 2, 5 and 6 only b) 1, 2 and 6 only
c) 5 and 6 only d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Ans:A

18. The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the UN. Consider the following statements:
1. The Court is composed of 15 Judges, who are elected for terms of office of five years by the UNGA
2. The Court’s role is to settle disputes in accordance with international law and to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized UN organs and specialized agencies.
3. The Seat of the court is at peace place in New York.

Choose the incorrect ones.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans:C

19. Consider the following statements about Bangladesh and choose the correct ones.

1. Secularism is one of the four fundamental principles according to the original Constitution of Bangladesh in 1972.
2. The secularism principle was removed from the constitution in 1977 by Ziaur Rahman and declared Islam as the state religion.
3. In 2010, Bangladesh Supreme Court restored secularism as one of the basic tenets of the Constitution but also kept Islam as the state religion.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans:D

20. On 19 March 2003, the US launched the invasion of Iraq under the codename ‘Operation Iraqi Freedom’. Consider the following statements and choose the correct one/s.
1. UN refused to give mandate to the invasion.
2. More than 40 other countries joined in the US-led ‘coalition of the willing’.
3. Through the fall of government of Saddam Hussein, US completely pacified Iraq.
4. The ostensible purpose of the invasion was to prevent Iraq from developing WMDs.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 1, 2 and 4 only
c) 3 and 4 only d) All of the above
Ans: B

21. Which of the following were used by US to establish its hegemony over the world?
1. Military domination
2. Economic power
3. Political clout
4. Cultural Superiority
5. Establishment of dictatorship
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Ans: C

22. Hegemony is also about the capacity to ‘manufacture consent’. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct one/s.
1. Hegemony implies class ascendancy in the social, political and particularly ideological spheres.
2. Hegemony arises when the dominant class or country can win the consent of the dominated classes.
3. It is achieved by coercing the dominated classes to view the world in a manner favourable to the ascendancy of the dominant class.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All the above
Ans: A

23. Consider the following statements comparing US and European Union and choose the correct one/s.

1. The EU is the world’s biggest economy with a GDP slightly larger than that of the United States.
2. EU’s share of world trade is three times larger that of United States.
3. Militarily, the EU’s combined armed forces are the largest in the world with US in the second position.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All the above
Ans:A

24. Consider the following statements about Maastricht Treaty, based on which the European Union was formed. Choose the correct statements.
1. The treaty provides for single visa for all the European Union countries.
2. Margaret Thatcher kept the UK out of the European market.
3. Denmark and Sweden have resisted the Maastricht treaty and the adoption of the euro.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All the above
Ans: B

25. Consider the following statements about the formation of ASEAN and choose the correct one/s.
1. ASEAN was established in1967 by ten countries of the region through the Singapore declaration.
2. The primary objective of the association is to accelerate economic growth and through that ‘social progress and cultural development’.
3. A secondary objective was to promote regional peace and stability based on the rule of law and the principles of the United Nations Charter.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All the above
Ans: B

26. Consider the following statements about the condition of China before they started the economic reform process. Choose the correct one/s.
1. From the inception of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, they were following the economy based on Soviet model.

2. Agricultural production generated surplus for China to start the industries in a better way compared to India.

3. Before reforms, China’s industrial production was not growing fast enough to play a good role in international trade.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans: C

27. Japan can be termed as one of the alternative centres of power which progressed rapidly after the end of the Second World War. Consider the following in this regard and choose the correct one/s:
1. Japan has very few natural resources and imports most of its raw materials.
2. It is the only Asian member of the G-8.
3. It is the second largest contributor to the regular budget of the UN.
4. Japan’s military expenditure is the fourth largest in the world.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 2 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans:D

28. The invasion and annexation of Kuwait by Iraq lead to the First Gulf War. Consider the following in this regard and chose the incorrect one/s:
1. There were a series of diplomatic attempts to convince Iraq to quit its aggression.
2. The resolution for this war got defeated in UN, but they silently supported this war.
3. America led a coalition of forces from 34 countries and Iraq got defeated quickly.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) 2 only
Ans: B

29. New International Economic Order was a step in direction of bringing economic development to the third world countries. Consider the following statements in the context of NAM and choose incorrect statements:
1. The New International Economic Order (NIEO) was a set of proposals put forward during the 1970s by some developing countries through the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
2. It was meant to be a revision of the international economic system in favour of Third World countries, replacing the Bretton Woods system.
3. NIEO initiative faded in late 1980s in wake of stiff opposition by developed countries and nonaligned countries struggled to maintain their unity.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only
c) 3 only d) None of the above
Ans: D

30. Consider the following statements regarding the Arms Control Treaties which have been signed in International arena during the post 2nd World War era and choose the incorrect one/s:
1. LTBT (Limited Test Ban Treaty) banned nuclear weapon tests exclusively in atmosphere.
2. NPT was signed in 1968, entered into force in 1970 and extended indefinitely in 1995.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: A

31. Inspite of cold war , USA and USSR was vary of real war and many arms control treaties were signed between USA and USSR/Russia. Consider the following statements and choose correct

statements:
1. Treaty on limitation of Anti-ballistic missile system was signed in 1972 during Strategic Arms Limitation Talk’s second round (SALT-II)
2. Strategic arms reduction treaty-I was signed between Russian President Boris Yeltsin and US President George Bush in 1993
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans: D

32. There had been many important events during cold war era. Arrange these events in chronological order:
1. Korean war resulting in division of Korea
2. Signing of the Baghdad pact
3. American intervention in Vietnam
4. Cuban missile crisis
5. Formation of SEATO
Code:
a) 1-5-3-2-4 b) 1-5-2-3-4
c) 5-1-3-4-2 d) 1-5-4-2-3
Ans:A

33. Soviet system which came into being after socialist revolution in 1917 was a very powerful leader of communist bloc, but disintegrated in 1990s and reasons cited for this are:
1. One-party system
2. Russian dominance over other 14 republics of USSR
3. Non-recognition of cultural affairs of people residing in these republics
4. Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only d) All of the above
Ans: D

34. There are some important events which happened in course of disintegration of Soviet Union. Consider the following statements and choose the correct one/s:
1. Latvia becomes first of 15 Soviet republics to declare its independence.
2. Permission for Multi-party politics was given in 1990.
3. Russia, Belarus and Armenia established Commonwealth of Independent States in 1991.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 2 only d) 3 only
Ans:C

35. New theories and doctrines were proposed during cold war era to control the influence of opposing bloc. Consider the following statements regarding these and choose correct one/s:
1. The Truman Doctrine of containment was a United States policy to stop Soviet expansion during the Cold War.
2. Asian collective security system was proposed by Leonid Brezhnev.
3. The Marshall Plan was the American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave $17 billion in economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War
Code:
a) 1and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans:A

36. In Eastern Europe, there have been splits in the countries and emergence of new countries as communism was weakened due to various causes. Consider the following statements and choose incorrect ones regarding this:
1. Yugoslavia went a peaceful split resulting in emergence of states like Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina etc
2. Czechoslovakia split resulted into a major conflict and Czechs and Slovaks formed two independent countries.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:C

37. Economic policies of post communist regime also underwent a change after the disintegration of Soviet Union. Consider the following statements and choose correct one/s:
1. Initiatives were taken to attract foreign investment along with currency convertibility and deregulation policies.
2. Trade alliances with Western countries were made besides the alliances among the Soviet Bloc countries.
3. Western capitalist states controlled the development of these countries:
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) None of the above
Ans:C

38. After the disintegration of USSR, newly independent countries started reviving after about ten years of decline. The reasons cited for their revival are:
1. Revival was brought by export of oil and natural gas.
2. Rent gained from oil pipelines, crossing many countries.
3. Priority given to establishment of stable democratic institutions.
4. Independence of judiciary, prevented any dissent among these countries.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only d) All of the above
Ans:A

39. Post USSR disintegration, geopolitical scenario has undergone change between India and USSR.
Consider the following statements regarding this and choose the correct one/s:
1. India has strong friendly relations with Russia but it is not quiet friendly with other Soviet bloc countries, after their independence.
2. Soviet Union gave assistance to Indian public sector companies.
3. India has remained a major arms and oil importer from Russia.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans:C

40. United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the UN and are charged with the maintenance of International Peace and Security. Consider the following and  choose the correct one/s:
1. Security Council have five permanents members (with veto rights) and ten other members elected by the General Assembly for three year terms.
2. The decision of Security Council is binding on all UN members except UNSC permanent members.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:D

41. Consider the following statements regarding Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) and choose the incorrect one/s.
1. OPCW is an inter governmental organization located in Brussels.
2. The organization promotes and verifies the adherence to the chemical weapons only.
3. OPCW is not an agency of the United Nations.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 2 only d) 3 only
Ans:A

42. World Bank was established under Bretton woods agreement after the Second World War. Choose the incorrect statements about World Bank:
1. International Development Association is the investment arm of World Bank which provides loans to private sector.
2. International Finance Commission is the soft loan window of World Bank.
3. Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) is the insurance arm of World Bank.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans:A

43. World Trade Organisation (WTO) is an international organization that sets rules for global trade. Which of the following statements about WTO is/are incorrect?
1. It was set up in 1995 as the successor to General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
2. WTO has 160 members with Yemen being the latest to join on June 26, 2014.
3. The decision making power is WTO mostly lies with the top 10 countries having 55% of the votes.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans: A

44. SAARC is slowly emerging from the slumbers, after caught in between India and Pakistan since inception, with new initiatives like SAARC university. Consider the following statements about SAARC and choose the correct one/s.
1. The SAARC is a major regional initiative by South Asian states to evolve cooperation through multilateral means.
2. SAARC members signed the south Asian free trade agreement which promised the formation of a trade zone for whole zone of South Asia.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:C

45. ‘Unfortunately, recognizing the need for co-operation and actually co-operating are two different things.’ Keeping in view the above statement which among the following is/are correct.
1. Nations cannot always agree on how best to cooperate, how to share the costs of co-operating and how to ensure that others do not break or cheat on an agreement.
2. An International Organisation can provide mechanisms, rules and a bureaucracy to honour the terms and conditions of an agreement.
3. International Organisations help member states to resolve their problems peacefully.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only d) All of the above
Ans:D

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