(MCQ) NCERT Books Class-12 : Politics in India Since Independence (New)

1. After Independence, our country had to face several challenges. Consider following statements regarding these challenges-
1. All Muslim majority areas wanted to join Pakistan in accordance with popular ‘Two-Nation Theory’ as given by Muslim league.
2. Muslim majority areas of British India were concentrated in different pockets.
3. Muslim majority provinces were to be separated on the basis of religion and language.
Choose the incorrect statements.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) All are correct

2. British India was divided into British Indian provinces and princely states. Consider following statements in this regard.
1. British Indian provinces were directly governed by British East India Company.
2. Princely states enjoyed full control over their internal affairs but not on issues related to foreign relations.
Choose the incorrect statements
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) None

3. Indian Government had taken a firm stand to prevent possible division of country into small principalities after independence. Consider the following statements in this regard-

1. Government showed more rigidity towards giving autonomy to these princely states.
2. Accession of princely states of Junagarh, Hyderabad, Kashmir and Manipur proved more difficult than the rest.
Choose correct statement/s
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

4. Hyderabad was the largest princely state when India got independence. Its accession proved to be a difficult task. Consider the following statements and find the correct statement/s:
1. Some parts of old Hyderabad state are todays parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
2. Nizam of Hyderabad entered into Standstill Agreement with India in September 1947 for six months while negotiations were going on with Indian Government.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

5. Congress proved its dominance in first three general elections for Lok Sabha. Consider the following statements in the context of general elections.
1. Socialist Party came at second position in first general election.
2. Congress won majority seats in all States in first State Assembly Elections.
Choose the incorrect statement/s:
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

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6. Government formed after first general election had many prominent freedom fighters who held important portfolios. Consider the following statements and choose the correct statements.

1. Rajkumari Amrit Kaur was Health Minister in this government.
2. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was first Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister.
3. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad held the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3 d) 1 and 3

7. Communist Party of India (CPI) has a long drawn history of electoral participation in the country. Consider the following statements and choose correct statements.
1. CPI formed government in Kerala in 1952 and it was for the first time in the world that a Communist Party came to power through democratic process.
2. Communist government in Kerala was dismissed under Article 356 in the year 1959.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

8. Socialist party origin can be traced to pre-independence era but later it underwent many splits. Consider the following statement and choose the correct one/s:
1. Socialist party was formed by socialists in 1934, through a split in congress.
2. Socialists believed in ideology of libertarian socialism which believed in peaceful democratic means
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

9. Swatantra Party was formed in 1959. Consider the following statements regarding this party:

1. According to its ideology, prosperity could come through individual freedom
2. It favoured expansion of free public sector
3. It opposed licensing regime
4. It supported centralised planning but opposed nationalisation
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 2, 3 and 4
c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above

10. Development has different meanings for different sections of society and different groups have different ideologies related to development. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct one/s:
1. Rightist ideology refers to those who are in favour of poor, downtrodden sections and support government policies for the benefit of these sections
2. Leftist ideology refers to those who believe that government should not unnecessarily intervene in the economy
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

11. Match the following regional aspirations with the states. Nature of regional States
Aspiration
A. Socio-religious identity leading to statehood                1. Tamil Nadu

B. Linguistic identity and tensions with centre                  2. Punjab

C. Regional imbalance leading to demand for statehood 3. Mizoram

D. Secessionist demands on account of tribal identity      4. Chhattisgarh

Code:
A B C D
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 2 1 4 3
c) 1 2 4 3
d) 2 1 3 4

12. The ‘Kashmir issue’ is always seen as a bone of contention between India and Pakistan.
Choose the correct statement/s in this regard.
1. Jammu region, which is entirely a plain area consists of Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs.
2. The Kashmir issue is just an outcome of dispute between India and Pakistan.
3. Jammu & Kashmir is one of the living examples of plural society and politics.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) Only 3 d) None

13. OBCs are the communities other than SC and ST who suffer from educational and social backwardness. Choose the correct statement/s in this regard.
1. Karpoori Thakur, was a pioneer in raising voice for reservations for backward castes in North India.
2. Mandal Commission was the first Backward Class Commission since Independence, appointed by Central Government.
3. The decision to implement Mandal Commission recommendation was challenged in the Supreme Court in the famous ‘S R Bommai Case’.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3
c) 2 and 3 d) 1 only

14. BSP, under Kanshi Ram’s leadership was envisaged as an organization based on pragmatic politics. It derived confidence from the fact that ‘Bahujans’ constituted the majority of population, and were a formidable political force on the strength of their numbers. Which of the following constituted ‘Bahujans’?
1. Scheduled Casts
2. Scheduled Tribes
3. Other Backward Casts
4. Minorities
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 1, 2 and 3
c) 1, 2 and 4 d) All of the above

15. One of the major long term development during eighties was the rise of politics based on religious identity, leading to a debate about secularism and democracy. Choose the correct statement/s in this regard.
1. Initially, BJP had embraced ‘Gandhian Socialism’ as its ideology but it failed to succeed.
2. Muslim women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986 was passed by the government on direction of the Supreme Court.
3. Faizabad district Council in February 1986 gave a surprising order to demolish the Babri Masjid.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3
c) None of the above d) 1 only

16. Consider the following statements about the Chinese invasion of 1962 and choose the correct one/s.
1. The Soviet Union, despite being a communist state, was in support of India during the conflict.
2. The war led to the first No-Confidence motion in the Parliament of India.
3. It also caused a split in the Communist Party of India and the formation of CPI (M).
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) Only 1 d) Only 3

17. Choose the incorrect statements about the 1971 Bangladesh war.
1. The war conditions led India signing a 20 year Treaty of peace and friendship with USA in 1971.
2. India retaliated the Pakistan army with an attack mainly using air force due to the lack of support from local population.
3. The Shimla agreement between Lal Bahadu Shastri and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto formalized the return of peace in July 1972.
Code:
a) 1 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3 d) All the above

18. Consider the following statements about India’s nuclear policy and choose the correct ones.
1. India’s nuclear programme was started in the late 1940s under the guidance of Homi J. Bhabha.
2. Nehru was against the nuclear weapons and pleaded the superpowers for comprehensive nuclear disarmament.
3. India was in support of the NPT when it was adopted and the plan of its indefinite extension caused India to change her stand.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) Only 1
c) Only 3 d) All of the above

19. Consider the following statements about NAM and choose the incorrect ones.
1. The leaders of Ghana, Egypt, Indonesia, Yugoslavia and India comprised the core leadership of NAM
2. The first summit of NAM was held in Bandung in 1961
3. India followed genuine non alignment till Janata party came to power in 1977
Code:
a) 1 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3 d) All of the above

20. Choose the incorrect statements about India’s relationship with Pakistan.
a) The Kashmir conflict of 1947 prevented the cooperation between the governments of India and Pakistan.
b) A long term dispute about sharing of river waters was resolved through mediation of the World Bank in 1960.
c) The 1965 Indo-Pak war was focused in both Rann of Kutchh and Jammu and Kashmir areas
d) Indian army crossed the border and reached close to Lahore, in the 1972 war.

21. Choose the incorrectly matched pairs
1. Ram manohar lohia – Janata Party
2. K Kamaraj - Dravida Munetra Kazhakam
3. Moraji Desai - Samyuktha Socialist Sarty
4. C N Annadurai - Indian National congress
Code:
a) 2 and 4 b) 1 and 3
c) 1, 2 and 3 d) All the Above

22. Consider the following statement about the Presidential election of 1969
1. N Sanjiva Reddy the then speaker of Lok Sabha was the official candidate of congress.
2. The then congress President Nijalingappa issued a whip asking all congress MPs and MLAs to vote against the official candidate.
3. The election led to the victory of V.V. Giri who was supported by the ‘requisitionist’.
Choose the correct statements:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above

23. The Indira government abolished privy purses. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct ones
1. After independence, the then royal families were allowed to retain certain private properties and were given a grant in heredity or government allowance and this grant was called Privy Purse.
2. Nehru was against this concept of privy purses
3. The privy purses were abolished through an ordinance and later it got passed in the Parliament in 1970.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 1 and 2
c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above

24. Consider the following statements about the Grand Alliance formed in 1971 at the time of fifth Lok Sabha election and choose the correct one/s:
1. Grand alliance was formed by the major communist and non-congress opposition parties.
2. CPI, PSP, Bharatiya Jana Sangh, Swatantra Party and Bharatiya Kranti Dal came together under this umbrella.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

25. Which among the following statements is/are correct?

1. Bharatiya Jan Sangh was formed by Shyama Prasad Mukherjee in 1951.
2. The party emphasised idea of orthodoxy and strong Indian Traditions.
3. The party was in forefront of the agitation to replace English with Hindi as the official language of India.
4. The party called for the reunion of India and Pakistan in ‘Akhand Bharat’.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 4
b) 1, 3 and 4
c) 1 and 4
d) All of the above

26. Consider the following statements:
1. Nehru was the co-founder of Non Alignment Movement (NAM)
2. Bandung Conference led to the establishment of NAM
3. India advocated the policy of NAM because it wanted to keep away from the military alliances.
4. The 1st NAM Conference was held in Belgrade in 1959
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1, 2 and 3 only b) 1 and 2 only
c) 1 and 3 d) None of above

27. Which of the following statements given below is/are correct?
1. Kerala model focus on education, health and land reform only.
2. Economist J.C. Kumarappa proposed an alternative blueprint that put greater emphasis on rural industrialization.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

28. India was born in very difficult circumstances. Consider the following statements regarding the challenges India faced and find out the correct statements.
1. The first and the immediate challenge was to shape a nation that was not united.
2. Another challenge was to develop democratic practices in accordance with the constitution.
3. Country also faced challenges in ensuring the development of entire society.
Code:
a) 2 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

29. Consider the following statements about Chipko movement?
1. Women’s active participation in the Chipko agitation was a very novel aspect of the movement
2. The Chipko movement was confined to ecological issues only
3. The movement began in Uttarakhand when the forest department refused permission to the villagers to fell ash trees for making agricultural tools Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) 1, 2 and 3

30. An ambitions developmental project was launched in the Narmada valley of Central India in the ‘eighties’. Consider the following statements:
1. Narmada and its tributaries flow across the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra
2. Sardar Sarovar Project in Gujarat and Narmada Sagar Project in Maharashtra were two of the most important multipurpose dams planned under the project
Which of the above statements are correct?
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) None

31. Consider the following statements regarding the Shah Commission and choose the incorrect one/s:
1. Congress government had appointed this Commission to inquire into incidence that happened at the time of emergency proclaimed on 25th June, 1975.
2. The Commission Examined various kinds of evidence and called scores of witnesses to give testimonies, including Indira Gandhi.
3. The Government of India did not accept its findings
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 1 and 3
c) Only 1 d) All of the above

32. In the 1970s and 1980s, many sections of the society became disillusioned with the failure of the Janata experiment which ultimately led to a political instability. Consider the following statements and choose the correct ones in this regard.
1. The disillusionment was more about economic policies of the state.

2. The model of planned development that was adopted after independence was based only on the goal of rapid growth, and resulted in disparities.

3. Inspite of the impressive growth in many sectors of the economy, existing social inequalities like caste and gender sharpened and complicated the issues of poverty.
Code:
a) Only 1 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) None of the above

33. In the early 1920’s communist groups emerged in different parts of India taking inspiration from the Bolshevik revolution in Russia and advocating socialism. Consider the following statements and choose the correct one/s:
1. Communists of India opposed the move to intensify freedom movement during second world war.
2. In the first general election, CPI won 16 seats and emerged as the largest opposition party.
3. The party’s support was more concentrated in Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar and Kerala.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) Only 3 d) 2 and 3

34. Many Provincial Congress Committees were created on the basis of linguistic zones, which did not follow the administrative divisions of British India. Which among the following statements are not correct in this regard?
1. State Re-organisation Commission was appointed in 1953 to look into the question of redrawing of the boundaries of the States.
2. State Re-organisation Commission wanted India to be divided into states based on geographic contiguity.
3. Statehood for Punjab was given in 1970 when the territories of today’s Haryana and Himachal Pradesh were separated from larger Punjab State.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 only b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only d) None of the above

35. Consider the following statements about the coalition governments formed in the 1967 and choose the correct ones regarding this.
1. Congress lost the majority in nine states which led to the formation of coalition governments.
2. In Haryana, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, Congress lost the majority due to defection.
3. DMK was the only party which came to power with a clear majority.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) All the above
D- All are correct.

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