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(MCQ) NCERT Books Class-11 : Indian Physical Environment (New)

1. There are large scale regional variations within the Himalayas. On the basis of relief, alignment of ranges and other geomorphological features, the Himalayas can be divided into the five subdivisions. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the incorrect ones.
1. The world famous Valley of Kashmir and the famous Dal lake lies between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal range.
2. The Himachal and Uttarakhand Himalayas lies between the river Jhelum in the west and the Kali in the east.
3. The Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas are famous for its tea gardens.
4. The Eastern Hills and Mountains are part of the Himalayan mountain system having their general alignment from the northwest to southeast.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 2 and 4
c) 1 and 4 d) 1 and 2

2. Based on the variations in its geological structure and formations, India can be divided into three geological divisions: the Peninsular Block, the Himalayas and Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct ones.
1. The Karbi Anglong, Meghalaya Plateau and Rajasthan are extensions of the Peninsular block.
2. The Peninsular Block is young, weak and flexible in its geological structure than Himalayas and other Peninsular mountains
3. Average depth of alluvial deposits in Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra plains ranges from 1,000- 2,000 m.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 3 only
c) 2 and 3 d) 1 and 3

3. North and North-eastern mountains are important physiographic division based on geomorphological features. Consider following statements in this context and choose incorrect

statements.
1. In Darjeeling and Sikkim, Himalayas lies in southwest to northwest directions.
2. Fotu La pass is on Zaskar range while Khardung La is on Ladakh range.
3. Jhelum river is in mature stage and form meanders.
4. Karewas are fluvial deposits of clay and other materials.
Code:
a) 1, 3 and 4 b) 3 and 4
c) 1, 2 and 4 d) None of the above

4. Consider the following ranges in Himalayas.
1. Karakoram Range
2. Zaskar Range
3. Pir Panjal Range
4. Ladakh Range
5. Shivalik Range
The correct order from North to South is
Code:
a) 1 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 5
b) 1 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 2
c) 1 – 4 – 2 – 3 – 5
d) 1 – 2 – 4 – 3 – 5

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5. A Biosphere Reserve is an unique representative ecosystem of terrestrial and coastal areas which are internationally recognised within the framework of UNESCO’s MAB Programme. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct ones:
1. The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (NBR) is the first biosphere reserve established in India
2. The major forest types of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve are of temperate type
3. Heritiera fomes, a species of the mangrove forest, valued for its timber is found is Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3 d) 1 only

6. Characteristic features are associated with different divisions of Himalayas. Consider following statements in this context and choose correct one.
1. Bugyals are winter grasslands in the lower reaches of Himalayas.
2. Duars are characteristic features of Uttarakhand Himalayas.
3. Manipur is known as ‘Molassis basin’ formed by soft unconsolidated deposits.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 3 only d) None of the above

7. The Himalayan drainage system has evolved through a long geological history. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct ones:
1. Himalayan rivers pass through the giant gorges carved out by the erosional activity carried on simultaneously with the uplift of Himalayas
2. Himalayan rivers form rapids, oxbow lakes and water falls in their mountainous course
3. In plains, Himalayan rivers display a strong meandering tendency and shifts their courses frequently
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 only d) 1, 2 and 3

8. Kashmir Himalayas, comprising of Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar and Pir Panjal Ranges, have some important passes. Match the following items in with the items in List-I with List-II with the help of codes given below:
List-I (Pass) List-II (Mountain Range)
A. Khardung La 1. Great Himalayas
B. Banihal 2. Zaskar
C. Zoji La 3. Ladakh
D. Photu La 4. Pir panjal
Code:
A B C D
a) 2 1 3 4
b) 3 4 1 2
c) 4 2 3 1
d) 2 4 1 3
Ans. B

9. The correct sequence of the west flowing rivers in the peninsular India from north to south is.
a) Sabarmati, Mahi, Kalinadi, Periyar, Bharathapuzha
b) Mahi, Sabarmati, Kalinadi, Periyar, Bharathapuzha
c) Sabarmati, Mahi, Kalinadi, Bharathapuzha, Periyar
d) Mahi, Sabarmati, Kalinadi, Bharathapuzha, Periyar
Ans. C

10. Consider the following statements and choose the incorrect ones.
1. High rainfall accompanied with high temperature and well-drained land covered with loamy soils are suitable for tea cultivation.
2. Robusta and Arabica varieties of tea produced in India are in great demand all over the world.
3. High temperature, light rainfall, frost free season and bright sunshine are essential for coffee cultivation in India.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 2 only d) All of the above

11. The islands of the Arabian Sea are scattered between 8º–12ºN and 71ºE–74ºE longitude. Consider the following statements and choose the correct ones:
1. Lakshadweep group of islands are of tectonic origin.
2. The Eleven Degree channel separates the Amindivi Island in the north and Cannannore Islands in the south.
3. Minicoy is the largest island in the Lakshadweep group of islands.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3 d) All of the above

B) The Islands in Lakshadweep are of coral origin.
12. Consider the following statements and choose the incorrect ones:
1. River Indus originates from a glacier near Bokhar Chu in the Kailash range.
2. Khurram, Tochi, Gomal and Samgar are the left bank tributaries of River Indus.
3. Chenab the largest tributary of Indus has two headstreams Chandra and Bhaga which joins at Tandi in Punjab.
4. Sutlej River is known as Singi Khamban is Tibet.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 4 only
b) 3 and 4
c) 2 and 4 only
d) 2, 3 and 4 only

13. Match the following items in List-I with the items in List-II with the help of codes given below:
List-I (River) List-II (Meeting Place)
A. Bhagirathi-Alaknanda 1. Joshimath
B. Dhauli-Vishnuganga 2. Devprayag
C. Alaknanda-Mandakini 3. Rudraprayag
D. Alaknanda-Pinder 4. Karnaprayag
Code:
A B C D
a) 2 3 4 1
b) 3 1 2 4
c) 1 3 2 4
d) 2 1 4 3
Ans. D

14. The temperate forest also known as shola forest are found in
a) Upper Himalayas up to a height of 1000-2000mt
b) Hills of north-eastern India
c) Forest of Andaman and Nicobar Island
d) The forest in the Nilgiris, Annamalai and Palani hills of Peninsular India.
Ans. D

15. Biodiversity is the number and variety of organisms found within a specified geographical region. Consider the following in this regard and choose the correct ones.
1. Biodiversity is richer in temperate region compared to the Tropical and Polar regions.
2. Biodiversity is a system in constant evolution, from a view point of species and individual organisms.
3. With the emergence of new species, biodiversity is on a rise compared to earlier times.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 only
c) 2 and 3 d) 1, 2 and 3

16. Indian drainage system can be classified on the basis of the orientation to the sea. Which of the following statements is/are correct in this regard?
1. Nearly 77 percent of the drainage area of the country is oriented towards the Bay of Bengal.
2. All the large rivers of the Peninsular plateau have their origin in the Western Ghats and discharge their waters in the Bay of Bengal.
3. The Arabian and Bay of Bengal drainages are separated from each other through the Delhi ridge, the Aravalis and the Sahyadris.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 only
c) 1 and 3 d) 1, 2 and 3

17. The Peninsular river system is older than the Himalayan river system. Consider the following statements about the peninsular river system and choose the correct ones.
1. Peninsular rivers are characterized by fixed course, absence of meanders and non-perennial flow of water.
2. The Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa, the Ken and the Son belong to the peninsular river system.
3. The rivers of South India are dependent on monsoon and their flow pattern witnesses fluctuations.
Code:
a) 1 and 3 b) 1 only
c) 1 and 2 d) 3 only

18. Monsoon is that axis around which revolves the entire agricultural cycle of India. Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the incorrect one/s.
1. Rainfall received from south west monsoon is seasonal in character.
2. Monsoonal rainfall is largely governed by relief and topography.
3. Regional variations in monsoon climate help in growing various types of crops.
Code:
a) 1 and 3 b) 1 only
c) 2 and 3 d) None of the above
D ( All are correct)

19. The term Drought is applied to an extended period when there is a shortage of water availability due to inadequate precipitation, excessive rate of evaporation and over-utilization of water from the reservoirs and other storages, including the ground water. Consider the following statements about different types of droughts and choose the incorrect ones.
1. Meterological drought is a situation of a prolonged period of inadequate rainfall marked with uneven distribution of the same over time and space.
2. If an area has more than 50 percent of its gross cropped area under irrigation, the area is excluded from the drought prone category.
3. When the productivity of a natural ecosystem falls due to shortage of water, it is called Hydrological drought.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 2 only
c) 2 and 3 d) 1 and 2

20. In the upper and Middle Ganga plain, two different types of alluvial soils have developed, viz, Khadar and Bhangar. Consider the following statements about these soil types and choose the correct ones.
1. Khadar is the new alluvium while Bhagar represents a system of older alluvium.
2. Khadar soil contains calcareous concretions while Bhangar soil completely lacks it.
3. The sand content in these soil decreases from west to east.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3 d) 1 and 3

21. On the basis of genesis, colour, composition and location, the soils of India have been classified into different types. Consider the following statements about a particular soil type:
1. It is found in the area of heavy rainfall and high humidity.
2. Soil has very rich humus and organic content.
3. Soil is normally heavy and black in colour.
4. It occurs widely in the Northern part of Bihar, Southern part of Uttaranchal and the Coastal areas of West Bengal, Odisha & Tamil Nadu.
Above statements are said about which of the following soil types:
Code:
a) Alluvial soil b) Saline soil
c) Peaty soil d) Blacks soil
Ans. C

22. In Mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to a corresponding change in natural vegetation. Consider the following statements about these forest types and choose the incorrect ones.
1. Wet temperate forests are found between an altitudes of 1000-2000 mt in the Himalayas.
2. Deodar, a highly valued endemic species grows mainly in the eastern part of Himalayas.
3. The temperate forests of Himalayas are called Sholas.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 3
c) None of the above d) 2 and 3

23. India has a rich variety of wetland habitats. Consider the following statements about Mangroves in India and choose the incorrect ones:
1. Mangroves grow along the coasts in the salt marshes, tidal creeks, mud flats and deltas.
2. Mangroves does not grow along estuaries.
3. In India, these are highly developed in Andaman and Nicobar Island, Lakshadweep,
Sunderbans, Mahanadi and Godavari deltas.
Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3
c) 1, 2 and 3 d) 1 and 3

24. For the purpose of effective conservation of flora and fauna, special steps have been initiated by the Government of India in collaboration with UNESCO’s ‘Man and Biosphere Programme’.

Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the correct ones.
1. Initially the Project Tiger was launched in ten tiger reserves.
2. Project Elephant is aimed at ensuring long term survival of identified viable population of elephants in their natural habitat.
3. Biosphere reserves are terrestrial and coastal ecosystem, which are internationally recognized within the framework of UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 2
c) 2 and 3 d) 2 only

25. The drainage pattern of an area is the outcome of the geological time period, nature and structure of rocks, topography, slope, amount of water flowing and the periodicity of the flow.

Consider the following statements in this regard and choose the incorrect ones.
1. The drainage pattern of Northern plain resembles the branches of a tree and is called dendritic pattern.
2. When the rivers originate from a hill and flow in all directions, the drainage pattern is known as centripetal.
3. When the primary tributaries of rivers flow parallel to each other and secondary tributaries join them at right angles, the pattern is known as trellis.
4. When the rivers discharge their waters from all directions in a lake or depression, the pattern is know as radial.
Code:
a) 1 and 3 b) 3 and 4
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 d) 2 and 4

26. The Himalayan drainage system has evolved through a long geological history. These rivers are responsible for different erosional as well as depositional structures during their course. Which of the following is/are a result of depositional activity of the Himalayan rivers?
1. V-shaped valleys
2. Ox-bow lakes
3. Braided channels
4. Waterfalls
5. Deltas
6. Rapids
Code:
a) 1, 4 and 6 b) 4 and 6 only
c) 2, 3 and 5 d) 3 and 5 only

27. Himalayan River system mainly includes the Ganga, the Indus and the Brahmaputra river basins. Since these are fed both by melting of snow and precipitation, rivers of this system are perennial. Which of the following is/are not the characteristics of Himalayan rivers?
1. Old rivers with graded profile have almost reached their base levels
2. Antecedent and consequent rivers leads to dendritic pattern in plains
3. Very large catchment area
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 2 and 3
c) 1 only d) 1 and 3

28. The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure zone located at the equator where trade winds converge. Consider the following statements about ITCZ and choose the correct ones.
1. It is a zone where air tends to descend
2. In July, the ITCZ located around 20°N-25°N latitudes (over the Gangetic plain) is also called the monsoon trough.
3. Due to the shift of ITCZ, the trade winds of the southern hemisphere cross the equator between 40° and 60°E longitudes and start blowing from southwest to ortheast due to the Coriolis force.
Code:
a) 1, 2 and 3 b) 1 and 3
c) 2 and 3 d) 2 only

29. Monsoon is a familiar though a little known climatic phenomenon. Despite the observations spread over centuries, the monsoon continues to puzzle the scientists. Which of the following statement/s is/are correct about Onset of Monsoon?
1. The differential heating of land and sea during the summer months is the mechanism which sets the stage for the monsoon winds to drift towards the subcontinent.
2. The shift in the position of the ITCZ is related to the phenomenon of the withdrawal of the Westerly jet stream from its position over the North Indian plain, south of the Himalayas.
3. The Westerly jet streams is held responsible for the burst of the monsoon in India.

Code:
a) 1 and 2 b) 1, 2 and 3
c) 2 and 3 d) 1 and 3

30. Where whole of India receives rainfall from southwest monsoon, Tamil Nadu coast remains dry during this season. Which of the following reasons can be responsible for this:
1. The Tamil Nadu coast is situated parallel to the Bay of Bengal branch of southwest monsoon
2. It lies in the rainshadow area of the Arabian Sea branch of the south-west monsoon.
Code:
a) 1 only b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. C

31. In the Indian tradition, a year is divided into six, 2-monthly seasons. This cycle of seasons, which the common people in North and Central India follow is based on their practical experience and age-old perception of weather phenomena. However, this system does not match with the seasons of South India where there is little variation in the seasons. Match the following item in List-I with items in List-II with the help of code given below:
List-I List-II
A. Vasanta 1. May-June
B. Grishma 2. March-April
C. Varsha 3. July-August
D. Sharada 4. November-December
E. Hemanta 5. September-October
F. Shishira 6. January-February
Code:
A B C D E F
a) 1 2 3 5 6 4
b) 2 1 5 3 4 6
c) 2 1 3 5 4 6
d) 1 2 6 4 5 3
Ans. C

32. The average annual rainfall in India is about 125 cm, but it has great spatial variations. In the figure given below, the dotted area represents which of the following?
a) Areas having rainfall more than 200cm.
b) Areas having rainfall 100-200cm
c) Areas having rainfall 50-200cm
d) Areas having rainfall less than 50cm
Ans. D

33. Koeppen used letter symbols to denote climatic types as given below. Each type is further subdivided into sub-types on the basis of seasonal variations in the distributional pattern of rainfall and temperature. In light of above statement which of the following pair/s is/are correctly matched?
1. Amw - Monsoon with short dry season
2. As - Tropical savannah
3. Aw - Monsoon with dry summer
4. BShw - Semi-arid steppe climate
Code:
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 b) 1 and 3
c) 1 and 4 d) 2, 3 and 4

34. India is a land of great variety of natural vegetation. Considering the statement, the shaded portion of the given map below represents which of the following type of natural vegetation?
a) Montane forest
b) Tropical thorn forest
c) Tropical deciduous forest
d) Tropical evergreen and Semi Evergreen forest
Ans. D

35. The impact of Tsunami is less over the ocean and more near the coast where they cause large-scale devastation. Why?
1. The speed of wave in the ocean depends upon the depth of water
2. Over deep water the Tsunami has very long wave-length and limited wave-height as compared to shallow water near the coast
Code:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. C

36. Tropical cyclones are intense low-pressure areas confined to the area lying between 300N and 300S latitudes. Which of the following initial conditions are required for the emergence of tropical cyclone?
1. Large and continuous supply of warm and moist air that can release enormous latent heat
2. Presence of strong Coriolis force
3. Presence of strong vertical wind
Code:
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 only
d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. B

37. Consider the following statements:
1. Deccan Plateau is bordered by Western Ghats in the West, Eastern Ghats in the east and the Satpura, Maikal and Mahadeo hills in the north
2. Western Ghats are locally known as Sahyadri in Maharashtra and Nilgiri hills in Kerala
3. Heights of the Western Ghats decreases from north to south

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 2 only
Ans. A

38. Consider the following statements:

1. The western coastal plains are an example of submerged coastal plain
2. Western coastal plains are broad in the middle and gets narrower in the north and south
3. There are less number of ports and harbours in the eastern coastal plain
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 1 only
d) 2 and 3 only
Ans. B

39. Match the following items in List-I (River) with the items in List-II (Place where it joins river Ganga)
List-I List-II
A. Gandak 1. Arrah
B. Ghaghara 2. West Bengal
C. Mahananda 3. Chhapra
D. Son 4. Sonpur
Code:
A B C D
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 3 4 2 1
c) 4 3 2 1
d) 2 1 4 3
Ans. C

40. Which of the following rivers is/are not a tributary of Godavari?
1. Penganga
2. Pranhita
3. Koyna
4. Bhima
Code:
a) 4 only
b) 2, 3 and 4 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
d) 3 and 4 only
Ans. D

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(MCQ) NCERT Books Class-11 : Indian Physical Environment (New)