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(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper 2020 "Zoology"- II

Indian Forest Service

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper-2020 "Zoology"- II

Exam Name: IFoS (Main) Exam
Exam Year: 2020
Subject: "Zoology"- II

"SECTION- A'

1. (a) Explain the hormonal regulation of sex determination in mammals. 

(b) What is reverse transcription ? Explain it with an example. 

(c) Briefly explain Neo-Darwinism. 

(d) "Lysosomes are the suicidal bags of the cell.” Justify. 

(e) Define Cladistics. Comment on its significance. 

2. (a) Define Mutation. Explain various physical and chemical mutagens with suitable examples. 

(b) Give an illustrated account of the evolutionary history of horse.

(c) Briefly describe the modern methods of taxonomy for animals. 

Q3. (a) Explain the transport of large molecules across the plasma membrane. 

(b) What are Transposons ? Explain the general structure and mechanism of transposition of Tn3 elements in prokaryotes. 

(c) Differentiate between Parapatric and Sympatric speciation. 

4. (a) Describe with well-labelled diagram, the stages involved in Meiotic prophase. 

(b) Write an account of the methods of determination of the age of fossils.

(c) Give an account of the molecular mechanism of crossing over. 

'SECTION -B' 

Q5. (a) Describe the role of cholesterol in steroidogenesis.

(b) Explain how animals can survive in varying salinities. 

(c) Briefly describe the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction. 

(d) Illustrate the fate map of frog during gastrulation. 

(e) Differentiate between primary and secondary immune response. 

Q6. (a) Give a diagrammatic representation of citric acid cycle and discuss its role in metabolism. 

(b) Describe the process of synthesis, secretion, and action of acetylcholine during synaptic transmission. 

(c) Give a brief account of hormonal regulation of metamorphosis in insects. 

Q7. (a) Discuss the laws of thermodynamics and their applications in biological systems. 

(b) Define Apoptosis. Explain its mechanism with suitable example. 

(c) Discuss the structure of inner ear and explain its mechanism in hearing. 

Q8. (a) Give an account of the genetic basis of axis specification with one suitable example. 

(b) What is blood coagulation ? Enumerate the various steps involved in blood coagulation. 

(c) Define Teratogen. Briefly explain the different teratogenic agents. 

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Study Kit for Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims

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(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper 2020 "Botany"- I

Indian Forest Service

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper 2020 "Botany"- I

Exam Name: IFoS (Main) Exam
Exam Year: 2020
Subject: "Botany"- I

'SECTION A' 

Q1. Answer the following questions keeping your answers brief and to the point. 

(a) How can algae be used in sewage treatment ? 

(b) With a labelled sketch describe the ultrastructure of bacterial flagella. Describe its mechanism of movement. 

(c) Explain in detail the process of fertilization in Angiosperms. 

(d) Describe and differentiate heterocyst cell from blue-green algal cell. 

(e) Deuteromycotina has been called “Waste Basket Assemblage.” Substantiate. 

Q2. (a) Describe the stelar organization and evolution in Pteridophytes. 

(b) Describe the life cycle of the pathogen causing damping-off of seedlings of tobacco and tomato. 

(c) Describe the mechanism and benefits of parasexuality. 

Q3. (a) Discuss the three kinds of mycelia encountered in Basidiomycetes. With suitable diagrams bring out the significance of clamp connection. 

(b) Trace the evolution of sporophytes in Bryophytes with neat labelled sketches only. 

(c) Describe the mode of action What are Antibiotics aminoglycosides. 

Q4. (a) Name the organisms causing black, yellow and brown rust of wheat. Describe the symptoms of black rust of wheat and the life cycle of the pathogen causing it. 

(b) What do you mean by genetic recombination ? Describe different methods of bacterial recombination. 

(c) What is dissemination of disease ? Describe methods of plant virus dissemination in brief. 

'SECTION B'

Q5. Answer the following questions keeping your answers brief and to the point. 

(a) Comment on (i) Totipotency, (ii) Somatic hybrids vs. Cybrids. 

(b) What are Petrocrops ? Name 4 (four) promising petrocrop species with family. 

(c) Enumerate the applications of palynology. 

(d) What is plant defence ? Explain different mechanisms of plant defence. 

(e) “Petrified fossils are the marvels of paleobotanical studies." -- Substantiate. 

Q6. (a) Define Fumitories and Masticatories. Describe in detail the origin, botanical characteristics and cultivation of one representative each of the above categories 

(b) Illustrate the floral characters of the family Arecaceae with floral formula and floral diagram. Why is this family economically important ? 

(c) What is tissue culture ? How can this technique help in reviving the endangered plant species ? 

Q7. (a) Differentiate Heterospory from Homospory. How does heterospory lead to seed habit ? Discuss the biological significance of heterospory with reference to Selaginella. 

(b) Enlist the botanical names of five plants yielding drugs and mention the plant parts from where the drugs are obtained. 

(c) Describe successive stages of development of cellular endosperm. 

Q8. (a) Describe the methods of cultivation of rubber plants. Describe how the latex is processed to get rubber. What precautions are taken while tapping rubber? 

(b) What are the differences between Dicot and Monocot roots ? With suitable diagrams explain secondary growth in dicot roots. 

(c) Mention the botanical name with family of plants yielding the following, with the morphology of the part used : 

(i) Spices 

(ii) Perfumery 

(iii) Gums

(iv) Sugar

(v) Beverages 

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Study Kit for Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims

Printed Study Material for IAS Exam (UPSC) (Combo)

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper-2020 "Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science"- I

Indian Forest Service

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper-2020 "Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science"- I

Exam Name: IFoS (Main) Exam
Exam Year: 2020
Subject: "Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science"- I

1. Write short notes on the following : 

(a) Biological value of protein 

(b) Respiratory quotient as an indicator of nutrient metabolism 

(c) General functions of minerals in livestock 

(d) Mechanism of milk secretion in udder of cow 

(e) Chemical properties of ejaculated semen 

2. (a) What are the differences between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins? 

(b) Describe the physiological roles vitamin A plays in animals. Give a brief  overview of vitamin A deficiency in livestock and poultry. 

(c) What is the importance of NPN in practical ruminant feeding? How is urea metabolized in the rumen? Describe the factors affecting effective utilization of urea in ruminants. 

3. (a) Describe the inherent defence mechanism against extreme heat in crossbred cows. Enlist the management approaches for combating heat stress in cows. What are the effects of thermal load on the reproductive performance of buffaloes during summer season? 

(b) What are the mechanisms involved in regulation of the rate of spermatogenesis in cow bulls? Which are the hormones involved in this process? 

(c) Why is cock spermatozoa unsuitable for cryopreservation compared to bull  spermatozoa? Discuss the importance and the process of capacitation of spermatozoa. 

4. (a) Elucidate the role of various hormones in mammary gland development. 

(b) Describe the methods used for determination of true metabolizable energy (TME) value of feeds for poultry. 

(c) Give a detailed account of the hindgut digestion in pigs, including the metabolic role of the fermentation products. 

'SECTION-B'

5. Write short notes on the following : 

(a) Early weaning in swine 

(b) Practical feeding of goats 

(c) Non-random mating in farm animals 

(d) Mechanism of sex determination 

(e) Methods of out-breeding 

6. (a) Describe the feeding management of ruminants during drought period. 

(b) How does the livestock rearing influence the economy of rural people? 

(c) Describe the modern feed additives for poultry. 

7. (a) Explain the types of records to be maintained at a dairy farm. 

(b) Discuss phenotypic variance and its partitioning. Describe heritability, its uses and estimation. 

(c) Discuss different breeding strategies for genetic improvement of cattle and buffalo. 

8. (a) Describe how selection and migration affect gene frequency of a population. What are the economic benefits of molecular genetic technologies in the animal production? 

(b) Describe the care of the cow and calf during and after parturition. 

(c) A shepherd having a flock of 300 heads of sheep encounters the problem of inbreeding. What is the best way to overcome the problem? 

 

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Study Kit for Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims

Printed Study Material for IAS Exam (UPSC) (Combo)

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper 2020 "Forestry"- II

Indian Forest Service

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper-2020 "Forestry"- II

Exam Name: IFoS (Main) Exam
Exam Year: 2020
Subject: "Forestry"- II

'SECTION-A'

Q1. Answer the following: 

(a) What are the key decision parameters in an uneven-aged forest management ?

(b) Why should GIS be considered as a 'Pure Science ?

(c) How does collaborative forest management ensure community and household resilience ?

(d) What are the recommended practices for strategic harvest planning ? 

(e) Construction and maintenance of forest roads can be considered as an essential investment of forest growth. Comment. 

Q2. (a) What are the factors that affect a stand structure ? Describe in brief the DBH distribution in even, uneven and multi-aged normal forest stands.

(b) What are the classical methods for determining the allowable cut ?

(c) What are the factors that cause foundation failure during construction of a forest building ? 

Q3. (a) What are the applications of remote sensing in forestry?

(b) What are the basic details of an engineering design of a timber bridge ? What steps should be taken to ensure its durability ?

(c) What are the socio-ecological implications of modifying rotation lengths in forestry? 

Q4. (a) What are the objectives of forest surveying ? How does topographic survey aid in forest planning and management ?

(b) A well-defined working plan is crucial for sustainable management of forests and biodiversity. Write your answer in brief in the light of National Working Plan Code 2014.

(c) How does slope aspect impact forest stand characteristics and soil properties ? 

'SECTION- B' 

Q5. Answer the following: 

(a) How does shifting cultivation support community livelihood and biodiversity conservation ? 

(b) What is the direct role of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 in conservation of wildlife? 

(c) How does inflation influence forest goods ? Briefly explain the types of inflation that directly influence the prices of forest goods. 

(d) What are the rules laid down for efficient felling ? Classify the timbers based on industrial use. 

(e) What is the significance of wildlife in today's perspective ? Discuss in brief about the components of wildlife ecology. 

Q6. (a) Discuss the role of forest resources in the Indian economy. Suggest suitable storage methods for wood or other forest produce and their management strategies. 

(b) What is the need to protect the forests ? Enumerate the major threats responsible for forest injuries. Suggest suitable preventive and protective measures to safeguard the forest wealth.

(c) Why is carbon cycle important ? How do human activities affect carbon cycle ? 

Q7. (a) What is the significance of Afforestation and Reforestration to the ecosystem ? How are the National Afforestation Programmme, Green India Mission and Forest Fire Prevention and Management Scheme helping in restoration of forests ? 

(b) What are the structural and functional changes that occur in a forest ecosystem during succession ? 

(c) What do you understand by forest valuation ? Discuss in brief. Describe various valuation techniques for forests. 

Q8. (a) Describe the process of wood formation. Write in detail about the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of wood.

(b) Write in detail about the historical background of forest policies in India and their aims. Describe in brief about the organization of forest sector in India. 

(c) How has the National Forest Policy of 1988 changed the national scenario ? Describe in brief. Highlight some major achievements in relation to the above policy. 

(Ebook) Download IFoS Previous Year Papers e-Book

Study Kit for Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims

Printed Study Material for IAS Exam (UPSC) (Combo)

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper 2020 "Zoology"- I

Indian Forest Service

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper-2020 "Zoology"- I

Exam Name: IFoS (Main) Exam
Exam Year: 2020
Subject: "Zoology"- I

"SECTION- A'

 1. Write a brief account on each of the following : 

(a) Salient features of Rotifera with suitable examples

(b) Parasitic adaptations of Fasciola

(c) Feeding mechanisms of Mollusca

(d) Skull types of Squamata

(e) Air-breathing fishes 

2. (a) What are Great Barrier Reefs? Describe how climate change influences coral reef formation.

(b) Write an account on recent system of animal classification. Outline its differences from earlier empirical approach(es).

(c) Describe the life cycle of Nereis. 

3. (a) Write an account on modification of mouthparts in Insecta. Give suitable examples and diagrams.

(b) Discuss that Sphenodon is the most primitive and Crocodile is the most advanced of all living reptilians.

(c) Polychaetes exhibit different modes of life adapted to different habitats. Elaborate. 

4. (a) Enumerate the functions and main components of endoskeleton of vertebrates. Give an account on the types of jaw suspensoria with suitable diagrams. 

(b) Describe the structural organization of thyroid and parathyroid glands in different vertebrate groups with a note on the hormone-producing cells and hormones. 

(c) Herdmania is a primitive and degenerate descendant of ancestral chordates. Discuss. 

'SECTION- B' 

5. Differentiate between the following : 

(a) Biomes and Ecotones

(b) Ecto- and Endo-parasites of cattle

(c) Pyrilla and Achaea pests

(d) Spectrophotometry and Flame photometry

(e) Polyculture and Integrated fish farming 

6. (a) What is ecological succession? Explain the causes and theories of ecological succession.

(b) Define apiculture. Explain the methodology, status and scope of apiculture in India.

(c) Describe the principle and application of ANOVA. 

7. (a) With suitable examples, explain different methods of studying animal behaviour.

(b) Primates exhibit a system of social hierarchy. Explain it in the context of territoriality and dominance.

(c) Write about the pathogenicity of cholera with a note on control measures. 

8. (a) Explain the importance of fisheries in India. Write about the conservation strategies of finfish and shellfish.

(b) Describe the role of hormones in prey-predator detection and predator tactics.

(c) Define population. Explain the characteristics of a population. 

(Ebook) Download IFoS Previous Year Papers e-Book

Study Kit for Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims

Printed Study Material for IAS Exam (UPSC) (Combo)

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper-2020 "Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science"- II

Indian Forest Service

(Download) UPSC IFoS (Main) Exam Paper-2020 "Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science"- II

Exam Name: IFoS (Main) Exam
Exam Year: 2020
Subject: "Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science"- II

'SECTION A'

Q1. Write short notes on the following: 

(a) Mechanism of renal regulation of acid-base balance 

(b) Regional anatomy of ulnar and radial nerves and effects of injury of these nerves 

(c) Glomerular Nephritis in dogs 

(d) Different classification of zoonoses with example 

(e) Black Quarter - etiology, pathogenesis, clinical findings and control 

Q2. (a) Discuss about neural and hormonal control of blood pressure and blood volume. 

(b) Enlist important meat and milk borne diseases in humans. Write the differential characteristics of food borne diseases caused by Salmonella spp, Clostridium perfringens and Staphylococcus aureus. 

(c) Discuss about formation of germinal layers and fetal membranes in mammals. 

Q3. (a) What is the Compton metabolic profile test ? Discuss in detail the classification, etiopathogenesis and management of ketosis in a cross-bred cow. 

(b) Define muscle tissue. Discuss histological and micro-structural characteristics of various types of muscle tissues and different types of proteins present in muscle fibres. 

(c) Discuss the salient features of the following important parasitic zoonoses : 

(i) Cryptococcosis

(ii) Toxoplasmosis

(iii) Hydatidosis 

(iv) Trichinellosis 

(v) Paragonimiasis 

Q4. (a) Discuss about etiology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and control of Anthrax in domestic animals. 

(b) Discuss the characteristics of an ideal antiparasitic drug. Describe the mode of action, anthelmintic spectrum and contraindications of Levamisole. 

(c) Discuss the role of Veterinary Public Health in human related functions. 

'SECTION B'

Q5. Write short notes on the following:

(a) National Dairy Plan (NDP)

(b) Steps involved in Rabbit fur processing 

(c) Platform tests for raw milk

(d) Steps involved in dressing of poultry 

(e) Principles of extension education 

6. (a) What are the FSSAI standards for cheese ? Discuss the classification of cheese and describe the method of manufacture of Cheddar cheese. 

(b) Discuss about the common dairy detergents and dairy sanitizers. Elaborate the cleaning and sanitization protocol for a dairy plant. 

(c) Describe the structure of hen's egg with the help of labelled diagram. Discuss about the various proteins present in egg albumen. 

Q7. (a) Write down the points to be considered while selecting the site for an abattoir. Elaborate the different types of abattoirs. Discuss the essential components of a modern abattoir. 

(b) Discuss the classification and nomenclature of hides/skins. Describe the various methods used for preservation of hides. Elaborate the steps involved in tanning and post-tanning operations. 

(c) Discuss the various packaging materials and forms used for market milk. 

Q8. (a) Discuss about the quality and safety regulations in India for milk and dairy products. 

(b) Discuss in detail about Intermediate Moisture and Shelf-stable meat products. Enlist the classification of sausages and describe the steps involved in preparation of sausage. 

(c) Discuss about the various methods and media used to inform and to make aware livestock farmers. 

(Ebook) Download IFoS Previous Year Papers e-Book

Study Kit for Indian Forest Service (IFoS) Prelims

Printed Study Material for IAS Exam (UPSC) (Combo)

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