Many of us would not be even aware that in the 1960s India
was forced to import wheat from the US under the PL 480 scheme as it suffered
from a severe shortage of food grain. The stories of humiliation and pressure to
compromise on India's foreign policy to avail of this facility are now things of
the past. The country has moved ahead from the PL 480 phase to a new era of
economic reality where it has enacted the National Food Security Act (NFSA)-
2013 which assures food to 67 percent of people in the country who are likely to
suffer food deprivation. This indeed marks a giant leap whose impact is going to
be multi-dimensional and multi-layered. The guaranteed availability of food to
the people, especially those in the below poverty line bracket and belonging to
vulnerable section of society will have a significant income effect translating
into higher nutritional intake and therefore improved health status. The extra
income, it has been argued, could be used for 'medical or educational expenses..
or to supplement expenses for farm inputs'. Indeed for the families struggling
for survival, the assured food grain could allow them a 'chance to live with
dignity'.
Measuring Poverty in India has a long and venerable tradition. In the
pre-independence period, Dadabhai Naoroji sought to measure poverty with a view
to describe the consequences of colonial rule in India.
His book Poverty and Un-British Rule in India drew attention
to the enormous drain on wealth caused by colonial policy and was the foundation
to many intellectual arguments for independence. Subsequently, during the
freedom struggle the Congress Party, the Planning Commission and many eminent
scholars have worked on this issue. Srinivasan (2007) has a detailed review of
this background.
In fact, it would not be an understatement that this
discourse has been one of India’s major contributions to the field of
development studies. It is not a merely a scholarly exercise. The World Bank has
stated that fighting poverty is at the core of its work. The United Nations when
it outlined the millennium development goals stated that the first goal is to
eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. Poverty is at the heart of almost all
discourses on development policy.
(Result) Assistant Labour
Commissioner (Central)/Assistant Welfare Commissioner (Central)/Assistant Labour
Welfare Commissioner (Central)/Assistant Director