(The Gist of Science Reporter) LifeFlow Next Gen Device [AUGUST-2019]

LifeFlow Next Gen Device

• Durham based 410 medical, a North Carolina firm has launched a new version of Lifeflow fluid delivery device which is mainly used to treat patients during sepsis or any type of shock.
• Lifeflow Next Gen delivers fluid inside the body in a very simple way.
• The device helps paramedics, nurses and physicians by providing the best possible care to their critically ill patients.
• It has a syringe, automatic check valve and highflow tubing set that help to increase fluid flow and if there is any air detected in the system the
• fluid stops automatically. The device can safely deliver 500 ml of crystalloid fluid in less than two minutes.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

(The Gist of Science Reporter) Speech2Face — AI Generates Human Face based oil Voices [AUGUST-2019]

Speech2Face — AI Generates Human Face based oil Voices

• A team of researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) has developed.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) capable of constructing a rough approximation of an individual’s face based entirely on brief audio clips of a person’s voice.
• The paper was published in a pre-print server arXiv reports.
• The system is a neural network called Speech2Face — a series of algorithms designed to recognise patterns and to work much like the human brain.
• The research team trained the algorithm using millions of online educational videos that featured roughly 100,000 different people talking.
• Based on that dataset, Speech2Face was able to make connections between vocal cues and specific facial features on the speaker’s face.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

(The Gist of Science Reporter) Autofocals [AUGUST-2019]

Autofocals

• A team of researchers at Stanford University have invented glasses that track your eyes and automatically focus on whatever you’re looking at.
• Auto-focusing glasses help those suffering from presbyopia.
• The glasses would provide a better vision than transition lenses or progressive lenses.
• The team published a paper in the journal Science Advances.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

(The Gist of Science Reporter) Cytophone - New Laser Destroys Circulating Cancer Cells [AUGUST-2019]

Cytophone - New Laser Destroys Circulating Cancer Cells

• A team of scientists from the University of Arkansas has successfully demonstrated a non-invasive device called Cytophone that integrates a laser, ultrasound and phone technologies and has the ability to detect and kill Circulating Tumour Cells (CTCs) in the blood.
• The laser is up to 1,000 times more sensitive than current methods used to detect tumour cells in the blood.
• The Cytophone has also shown the ability to detect CTCs even when the tumour is not identifiable on the skin, and then to destroy them without harming surrounding blood cells.
• The study was published in the Journal Science Translational Medicine.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

(The Gist of Science Reporter) 3D-printed Biological Tissue [AUGUST-2019]

3D-printed Biological Tissue

• Scientists from the University of Illinois at Chicago have developed a 3D-printed biological tissue by using “ink” made up of only stem cells which can differentiate into a wide variety of other cell types.
• The team used the stem cells to 3D print a cartilage ear and a rodent-sized “femur”.
• The printing of cells has been achieved by using a temporary hydrogel bead bath.
• The nozzle of the 3D printer is inserted into the hydrogel beads where it allows the nozzle to move back and forth and deposit a bio-ink consisting of stem cells.
• The cells are supported by gel beads which keep them in place and preserve their shape. Then, the hydrogel bead matrix is exposed to UV light, which cross-links the beads together which freezes them in place.
• The printed cells are now able to connect with each other, mature and grow within a stable structure.
• The hydrogel beads can be removed through gentle agitation, or controlling their degradation, leaving the intact tissue behind.
• The study has been published in the journal Materials Horizons.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

(The Gist of Science Reporter) Chandrayaan-2: Eyes on the Lunar South Pole [AUGUST-2019]

Chandrayaan-2: Eyes on the Lunar South Pole

• India's highly commendable space programme and extremely successful space launches always inspire confidence. And so it is that the flavour of this editorial had to be changed at the last moment when it became known in the early hours of 15 July that the much expected launch of Chandrayaan 2 had been put off.
• India's most ambitious space mission till date is being seen as a stepping stone for the country 's next mega space programme the manned mission in 2022.
• The Chandrayaan-2 programme envisaged a soft landing of its lander Vikram - a feat that would propel the country into an elite club of three other countries - the US. Russia and China who have successfully soft-landed a lander on the moon's surface.
• The Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008 had confirmed the presence of water on the moon.
• Chandrayaan-2, to be launched on-board India's most powerful indigenously designed rocket GSLV Mk-III - is slated to stud) the lunar South Pole that remains in shadow and is much larger than the North Pole.
• Apart from the possibility of the presence of water, the South Pole region has craters that are cold traps containing a fossil record of the early Solar System. Studying them could give us a better understanding of the origin and evolution of the Moon.
• When it finally lakes off, perhaps later this month, Chandrayaan-2's orbiter is supposed to orbit the Moon at an altitude of 100 km Its Orbiter High Resolution Camera (OHRC) will conduct high-resolution observations of the landing site before the lander separates from the orbiter. \
• The six-wheeled. AI-powered robotic rover functioning on solar energy will communicate with the lander Vikram which is named after Dr Vikram Sarabhai, the Father of the Indian space programme, and is designed to land softly on the lunar surface.
• It has the capability to communicate with I DSN at Byalalu near Bangalore, as well as with the Orbiter and Rover.
• The 1DSN or Indian Deep Space Network is a network of large antennas and communication facilities operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation to support the interplanetary spacecraft missions of India.
• The science payloads of Chandrayaan-2 will study among other things topography, seismography, mineral identification and distribution, surface chemical composition, thermo-physical characteristics of top soil and composition of the lunar atmosphere.
• The night-long vigil on 15th July had an anti-climax when ISRO officials called off the launch an hour before the scheduled launch. The officials informed that the problem was with the critical cryogenic stage.
• However, unfazed and displaying “abundant precaution”. ISRO officials ensured that the rocket and satellite were safe. With the world space community watching India’s foray to the Moon with interest, and with $120 million invested in the project. ISRO officials have avoided undue haste and displayed professionalism. And they are quite optimistic that Chandrayaan-2 will fly into space later in the month.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

(Download) UPSC IAS Mains Exam 2018

Economics (Paper-1)

Exam Name: UPSC IAS Mains Economics (Paper-I)

Marks: 250

Time Allowed: 3 Hours

SECTION "A"

Q.1 Answer the following questions in about 150 words each?

a) Does a monopolistically competitive market lead to excess capacity under price competition?
b) Using the IS-LM model, show how expected deflation may cause equilibrium output to remain at less than full-employment level.
c) Is stagflation a logical outcome of Keynesian orthodoxy? Give reasons for your answer.
d) What is high-powered money? Explain how changes in short-term monetary policy affect high – powered money and money multiplier.

Q.2 a) Explain why in a duopoly model of collusion, each firm has an incentive to cheat the other.
b) Show how a dominant firm with a competitive fringe can act as a price leader in an oligopoly market.
c) Give an outline of Kaldor’s theory of distribution. Also explain the implications of an increase in the wage level and a reduction in the saving rate on the distribution of income.

Q.3 a) In the simple Keyneaian model, if consumption and investment are both functions of income, how would the multiplier be affected?
b) What is hysteria? Explain the impact of hysteresis in Gradualist Monetarist and Eclectic Keynesian frame works.
c) How will you derive the real aggregate demand curve using the New Classical Theory?

Q.4 a) What is interest rate targeting? Explain using the concept of Taylor rule.
b) In an open economy with high capital mobility, monetary management can be a successful tool to increase output. Explain.
c) The burden of tax depends upon the elasticity of demand and supply of a commodity or service. Explain with suitable examples.

UPSC Mains General Studies Study Kit

(Download) CS (MAIN) EXAM:2018 COMMERCE AND ACCOUNTANCY (Paper 2)

SECTION ‘A’

Q1. Explain the following in about 150 words each: 10x5=50 marks

(a) Benchmarking 10 marks
(b) Organisational Re-engineering 10 marks
(c) Halo Effect 10 marks
(d) Adaptive Coping Cycle 10 marks
(e) Red-tapism 10 marks

Q2.(a) How does a learning organisation differ from a traditional organisation ? What impact do these differences have on the way people are managed ? 20 marks
(b) "The political power game is very real in modern organisations." Comment on this statement. Also examine its postulates of power in organisations that help focus on the political realities. 20 marks
(c) What is meant by impression management ? Also distinguish between impression motivation and impression construction. 10 marks

Q3. (a) "There are a number of misconceptions that people have about the glass ceiling." What are some of these ? Also, what can organisations do to help break the glass ceiling ? 20 marks
(b) What are the major contributions of Herzberg's theory of motivation ? Do you think it makes a contribution to the better understanding of motivation in the workplace ? Comment and give arguments in support of your answer. 20 marks
(c) What is the nature of 'selfs' in the Johari Window? What implications does each have for interpersonal conflict ? 10 marks

Q4. (a) "The overriding purpose of Quality of Work Life (QWL) is to change the climate at work so that the human - technological - organisational interface leads to a better quality of work life." Examine this statement. How do gaps create problems for this interface ? 20 marks
(b) What are some styles of charismatic leadership ? Critically examine the Robert House theory of charismatic leadership in the context of Indian scenario. 20 marks
(c) Examine the attributes of virtual organisation. Also assess their implications in the Indian corporate sector. 10 marks

UPSC Mains General Studies Study Kit

SECTION 'B'

Q5Explain the following in about 150 words each: 10x5=50 marks
(a) OCTAPAC Culture 10 marks
(b)Repertory Grid 10 marks
(c) Golden Handshake 10 marks
(d) Standing Orders 10 marks
(e) Dissolution of Trade Union 10 marks

Q6. (a) “Merit-based promotion leads to dissatisfaction of all except one, hence the resulting effect is negative; seniority-based promotion has the distinctive advantage of satisfying all in due course of time." Critically evaluate this system. Also suggest a suitable promotion policy for Indian enterprises. 20 marks
(b) "Demand forecasting of human resource is the process of estimating the future quantity and quality of people required." In the light of this statement, evaluate various techniques specially applicable to the service industry.20 marks
(c) What is meant by attrition rate ? Why and how are Indian information technology and marketing companies facing this growing attrition rate ? Develop a suggestive framework to overcome these problems. 10 marks

Q7.(a) How is performance management system different from performance appraisal system ? Also explain how customised performance appraisals can be used as a strategic tool for performance management system. 20 marks
(b) "Collective bargaining is important to both employers and employees but there are certain snags." Do you agree with this statement ? Suggest measures to make the process more effective. 20 marks
(c) "The basic aim of talent management is to develop and maintain a talent pool consisting of a skilled, engaged and committed workforce." Do you agree with this comment ? Assess its implications in the context of recent government initiatives for the development of talent management in the country. 10 marks

Q8.(a) "In India, workers' participation in management is a farce and an ineffective mechanism but it can be reinforced with suitable legal initiatives." Comment and offer your suggestions to make the legal framework more effective and viable. 20 marks
(b) Discuss the objectives and functions of International Labour Organisation (ILO). Also critically examine its pattern of structure and contribution in the field of Indian labour market. 20 marks
(c) "It is often argued that reward systems should be adjusted in line with changing organisational strategic objectives - yet in the real world, this is not often the case." Comment on this statement. 10 marks

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BIHAR State GK Questions (Set-4) for BPSC Exam

Q.1: राज्य अल्पसंख्यक आयोग को कानूनी अधिकार प्रदान करने वाला देश का पहला राज्य कौन-सा है ?

(a) राजस्थान
(b) बिहार
(c) मध्य प्रदेश
(d)उत्तर प्रदेश

Q.2: बिहार के किस जिले में भारतीय कृषि अनुसंधान केन्द्र की मदद से "लीची अनुसंधान केन्द्र" स्थापित किया जाएगा ? पटना दरभंगा मुजफ्फरपुर ब्क्सर\

(a) दरभंगा
(b) मुजफ्फरपुर
(c) ब्क्सर
(d) पटना

Q.3: भारत में लीची का सर्वाधिक उत्पादन बिहार के किस जिले में होता है ?

(a) पटना
(b) सारण
(c) मुजफ्फरपुर
(d) भागलपुर

Q.4: बिहार में पहली जनशताब्दी एक्सप्रेस रेलगाड़ी का शुभारम्भ कब हुआ था ?

(a) 12 जनवरी, 2001 को
(b) 16 अगस्त, 2005 को
(c)19 जून, 2002 को
(d) 30 मार्च, 2004 को

Q.5: बिहार राज्य के किस जिले को साक्षरता में उत्कृष्ट होने पर "सत्येन मित्रा साक्षरता" पुरस्कार के लिए चुना गया ?

(a) भागलपुर
(b) मुजफ्फरपुर
(c) गया
(d) पटना

बिहार लोक सेवा आयोग प्रारम्भिक परीक्षा के लिए अध्ययन सामग्री

Study Kit for Bihar Public Service Commission Preliminary Examination

(Download) CS (MAIN) EXAM:2018 COMMERCE AND ACCOUNTANCY (Paper 1)

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(Download) CS (MAIN) EXAM:2018 Civil Engineering

Exam Name: CS (MAIN) EXAM:2018 Civil Engineering
Marks: 250
Time Allowed : Three Hours

    (The Gist of PIB) Anthropological Survey of India [JULY-2019]

Anthropological Survey of India

• Union Minister for Culture & Tourism informed Lok Sabha about the research projects conducted by Anthropological Survey of India (ASI) during the last five years on the impact of Government programmes on Indian tribal communities.

Key highlights

• Research projects conducted by Anthropological Survey of India during the last five years on the impact of Government developmental and welfare programmes on contemporary Indian tribal communities are;
• (i) Bio-Cultural Diversity, Environment and Sustainable Development, (2012-2016; area/village covered:24)
• (ii) Man and Environment, (2012-2016; Biosphere Reserve covered: 18)
• (iii) Development and Sustainability, (2017-18; area/village covered: 17)
• (iv) Community Health, Disease and Genetic Structure of Indian Population, (2015 onwards; Community covered: 52)
• (v) Anthropological Study of De-Notified, Nomadic and Semi Nomadic Communities (2018-19; Community covered:50).

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) Geet Ramayana [JULY-2019]

Geet Ramayana

• Publications Division will bring out the Hindi adaptation of ‘Geet Ramayana’
• by Shri Datta Prasad Jog.
• The same was also communicated by Shri Javadekar through letters written to Shri Shripad Naik, Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of AYUSH; Shri Devendra Fadnavis, Chief Minister, Maharashtra; Shri Pramod Savant, Chief Minister, Goa; and Shri Govind S Gaude, Minister of Art & Culture, Tribal Welfare and Civil Supplies and Consumer Affairs, Government of Goa.

About Geet Ramayana

• It is a collection of 56 Marathi language songs chronologically describing events from the Indian Hindu epic, the Ramayana.
• It was broadcast by All India Radio, Pune in 1955–1956. Geet Ramayan was acclaimed for its lyrics, music and singing.
• Written by G. D. Madgulkar and the songs composed by Sudhir Phadke, it is considered a “milestone of Marathi light music” and the “most popular” Marathi version of Ramayana.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) NGOs for promotion of road safety [JULY-2019]

NGOs for promotion of road safety

• Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has launched a scheme for grant of financial assistance to NGOs for administering “Road Safety Advocacy” in the last FY 2017-18.
• Under this Scheme, proposals for road safety advocacy programmes through 203 different Non-Governmental Organisations(NGOs) / Trusts / Cooperative Societies have been sanctioned in FY 2017-18.
• As per the scheme provisions, financial assistance for a road safety programme is Rs.five lakh.
• The scheme does not provide for any advance payment and financial assistance is reimbursement only after the successful completion of the programme.

Major safeguards

• There are adequate safeguard in the scheme to ensure proper utilization of funds, such as:-
• No advance payment is released to any agency.
• Registration of the NGO on Darpan Portal.
• The scheme is administered through a Project Management Unit (PMU) for scrutiny of proposals and further physical verification of the road safety programme conducted by agencies is also made by PMU. Then genuineness of the claim is certified by the PMU.
• Utilization Certificate in GFR-12A and audited statement of accounts duly certified by Charted Accounted and other documentary evidence including photographs, video clips etc.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) IAF Contingent Departs for Exercise Garuda-VI [JULY-2019]

IAF Contingent Departs for Exercise Garuda-VI

• The Indian Air Force (IAF) contingent comprising of 120 air-warriors and four Su-30 MKI along with an IL-78 Flight Refueling aircraft, departed for participating in Exercise Garuda-VI.

About:

• The Indian Air Force is participating in a bilateral exercise between Indian and French Air Force named Exercise ‘Garuda-VI’ France from 01-12 July 2019.
• This is the sixth edition of Exercise Garuda and is being planned at French Air Force Base, Mont-de-Marsan.
• The last exercise, ‘Garuda V’ was held at Air Force Station Jodhpur in June 2014.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) Museums for Tribal Freedom Fighters [JULY-2019]

Museums for Tribal Freedom Fighters

• Government has decided to set up Museums to commemorate the contribution of Tribals in the freedom struggle.

Key highlights

• The particulars of museums sanctioned, location of museum and tribal freedom fighters / heroes associated with the museum are as under:-\
• Gujarat; Garudeshwar, Rajpipla ;Prominent freedom fighters from across the country.
• Chhattisgarh; Raipur; Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh
• Jharkhand ;Ranchi ;Birsa Munda
• Andhra Pradesh ;Lammasingi ;Shri Alluri Seetha Ram Raju
• Madhya Pradesh ;Chhindwara ;TantyaBheel, Bheema Nayak, KhajayaNayak,etc.
• Kerala ;Kozhikode ;Thalakkal Chandu
• Manipur ;Makhal Village, Senapati Rani Gaidinliu
• Telangana ;Hyderabad ;Ramji Gond

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) New National Rubber Policy [JULY-2019]

New National Rubber Policy

• The Department of Commerce brought out the National Rubber Policy in March 2019.

About the policy

• The National Rubber Policy includes several provisions to support the Natural Rubber (NR) production sector and the entire rubber industry value chain.
• The Policy covers new planting and replanting of rubber, support for growers, processing and marketing of natural rubber, labour shortage, grower forums, external trade, Centre-State integrated strategies, research, training, rubber product manufacturing and export, climate change concerns and carbon market.
• National Rubber Policy is based on the short term and long term strategies identified by the Task Force constituted on the rubber sector for mitigating problems faced by rubber growers in the country.
• The Task Force held extensive consultations with various stakeholders of rubber sector.
• Prior to the notification of the National Rubber Policy, stakeholders’ views were obtained.

Key highlights

• The policy is expected to benefit natural rubber growers and promote the natural rubber production sector.
• Developmental and research activities for supporting NR sector for the welfare of growers are carried out through Rubber Board by implementing the scheme Sustainable and Inclusive Development of Natural Rubber Sector in the Medium Term Framework (MTF) (2017-18 to 2019-20).
• The developmental activities include financial and technical assistance for planting, supply of quality planting materials, support for grower forums, training and skill development programme.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) Implementation of IFLADP [JULY-2019]

Implementation of IFLADP

• The Central Government has approved implementation of Central Sector Scheme Indian Footwear, Leather and Accessories Development Programme (IFLADP) with an approved expenditure of Rs. 2600 crore over the three financial years from 2017-18 to 2019-20.

Key highlights about the Sub-schemes under IFLADP are as stated below:

• Human Resource Development (HRD) sub-scheme: HRD sub-scheme provides assistance for Placement Linked Skill Development training to unemployed persons @ Rs. 15,000 per person, for skill up-gradation training to employed workers @ Rs. 5,000 per employee and for training of trainers @ Rs. 2 lakh per person.
• Integrated Development of Leather Sector (IDLS) sub-scheme: IDLS sub-scheme incentivizes investment and manufacturing including job creation by providing backend investment grant/subsidy @ 30% of the cost of new Plant and Machinery to Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and @ 20% of the cost of Plant and Machinery to other units for modernization and technology upgradation in existing units and also for setting up of new units.
• Establishment of Institutional Facilities sub-scheme: The sub-scheme provides assistance to Footwear Design & Development Institute (FDDI) for upgradation of some of the existing campuses of FDDI into Centres of Excellence (CoEs) and establishing 3 new fully equipped skill centres alongside the upcoming Mega Leather Cluster.
• Mega Leather, Footwear and Accessories Cluster (MLFAC) sub-scheme: The MLFAC sub-scheme provides infrastructure support to the Leather, Footwear and Accessories Sector by establishment of Mega Leather, Footwear and Accessories Cluster. Graded assistance is provided upto 50% of the eligible project cost, excluding cost of land with maximum Government assistance being limited to Rs. 125 crore.
• Leather Technology, Innovation and Environmental Issues sub-scheme: Under this sub-scheme, assistance is provided for upgradation/installation of Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) @ 70% of the project cost subject to a limit of Rs. 200 crore. The sub-scheme also provides for support to national level sectoral industry council/ association and support for preparation of vision document for leather footwear and accessories sector.
• Promotion of Indian Brands in Leather, Footwear and Accessories Sector sub-scheme: Under this sub-scheme, the eligible units approved for Brand Promotion are assisted. The Government assistance is limited to 50% of total project cost subject to a limit of Rs.3 crore for each brand, each year for 3 years.
• Additional Employment Incentive for Leather, Footwear and Accessories Sector sub-scheme: Under this scheme, employers’ contribution of 3.67% to Employees’ Provident Fund for all new employees in Leather, Footwear and Accessories sector, are provided for enrolling in EPFO for first 3 years of their employment.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) National Investment and Manufacturing Zone [JULY-2019]

National Investment and Manufacturing Zone

• Government has granted final approval to National Investment and Manufacturing Zone (NIMZ) in Kalinganagar, Jajpur district, Odisha.

About:

• National Investment and Manufacturing Zones (NIMZs) are one of the important instruments of National Manufacturing Policy, 2011.
• NIMZs are envisaged as large areas of developed land with the requisite eco-system for promoting world class manufacturing activity.
• So far, three NIMZs namely Prakasam (Andhra Pradesh), Sangareddy (Telangana) and Kalinganagar (Odisha) have been accorded final approval.

Study Material for UPSC General Studies Pre Cum Mains

    (The Gist of PIB) First Resilient Kerala Program [JULY-2019]

First Resilient Kerala Program

• The Government of India, the Government of Kerala and the World Bank signed a Loan Agreement of USD 250 million for the First Resilient Kerala Program.

About:

• The 2018 floods and landslides in Kerala led to severe impact on property, infrastructure, and lives and livelihoods of people. One sixth of the State’s population – about 5.4 million people – were affected while 1.4 million were displaced from their homes.
• The New Program is part of the Government of India’s support to Kerala’s ‘Rebuild Kerala Development Programme’ aimed at building a green and resilient Kerala.
• To enhance the State’s resilience against the impacts of natural disasters and climate change.

Strategy:

• The Program aims to support the State with –
• To improved river basin planning and water infrastructure operations management, water supply and sanitation services
• To resilient and sustainable agriculture, enhanced agriculture risk insurance
• To improved resilience of the core road network
• To unified and more up-to-date land records in high risk areas
• To risk-based urban planning and strengthened expenditure planning by urban local bodies
• To strengthened fiscal and public financial management capacity of the state

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