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Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper-2 (Question: 8)



Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper Question Paper-2 (Question-8)



Section A

  • Exam Name: UPSC IAS Mains Public Administration (Paper-II)
  • Marks: 250
  • Time Allowed: 3 Hours

Q8.(a) "There are adequate legal mechanisms to address corruption malpractices in administration, but they have failed to curb the menace to any noticeable degree." In the light of this statement, discuss the efficacy the institution of Lokayukta in Indian States. (Paid)

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(b) Despite the constitutional provisions for representation, the voice weaker of sections is not having the desired impact in the realms of Panchayati Raj Institutions. Critically examine. (Free)

It is widely believed that the analysis of age, education, Caste, family structure, occupation, income, land holding, party affiliation, etc., are important in determining the nature of leadership. The socio-economic, educational and political background of the leaders would also enable us to anticipate as to what they are capable of doing, what we should expect from them and how well they are equipped to discharge the responsibilities developed upon them by the electorate. In this direction the Government of India made efforts to solve problems such as poverty, ill health, illiteracy, and backwardness of varied nature prevailing in rural areas, by giving grater attention to the uplift of the rural poor. Due to the illiteracy and ignorance of weaker section’s representatives, several welfare policies intended for the welfare of SC’s, ST’s and OBC’s are not implementing properly in the institutions of Panchayati Raj and suggest for effective implementation of these policies for the welfare of weaker sections and bring them to the main stream as well as equal opportunity as stipulated in the Indian Constitution. 

(c) Ideally citizen-administration interface is supposed to be based on trustworthiness and purposefulness, in reality it is observed to be plagued by suspicion, conflicts, stresses and strains. Do you agree? Elaborate.(Paid)

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Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper-2 (Question: 7)



Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper Question Paper-2 (Question-7)



Section A

  • Exam Name: UPSC IAS Mains Public Administration (Paper-II)
  • Marks: 250
  • Time Allowed: 3 Hours

Q7.(a)  Ward committees in urban local governance have remained more tigers. The ideal of realizing effective people's participation in collaboration with local functionaries is still in the pipeline. Evaluate the gap in theory and practice.

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(b) Police needs to be made accountable and freed from the grip of politics. It is a big challenge not only for law and order but also for the development of the country. Critically examine.

In the existing set-up, the police function under the executive control of the state government. According to the National Police Commission, the manner in which political control has been exercised over the police in this country has led to gross abuses, resulting in erosion of the rule of law and loss of police credibility as a professional organisation. The threat of transfer / suspension is the most potent weapon in the hands of the politician to bend the police down to his will. The Commission recommended that the superintendence of the state government over the police should be limited to ensure that police performance is in strict accordance with law. In the performance of its tasks, the police should be subject to overall guidance from the government which should lay down broad policies for adoption in different situations. There should however be no instructions in regard to actual operations in the field. In regard to investigation work, in any case, the police are beyond any intervention by the executive or politicians.

On 22 September 2006, the Supreme Court of India delivered a historic judgment in Prakash Singh v. Union of India, instructing central and state governments to comply with a set of seven directives that laid down practical mechanisms to kick-start police reform. The Court’s directives sought to achieve functional autonomy for the police (through security of tenure, streamlined appointment and transfer processes, and the creation of a “buffer body’ between the police and the government) and enhanced police accountability (both for organisational performance and individual misconduct.)

(c) Civil servants are trained to follow rules and procedures so much that they become bureaucrazy. Do you agree? Justify. 

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Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper-2 (Question: 6)



Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper Question Paper-2 (Question-6)



Section A

  • Exam Name: UPSC IAS Mains Public Administration (Paper-II)
  • Marks: 250
  • Time Allowed: 3 Hours

 

 Q6.(a) The office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India stands on the pillar of autonomy. Discuss the major lacunae in the functioning of this constitutional body and also suggest measures for its strengthening.

There are several critics of the role played by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India. In this regard, Paul H. Appleby has said, “The function of the C & A G in India is, in large measure an inheritance from colonial rule. The function did not impede British rule it upheld that rule and was an integral part of it. It greatly restricted the Indians who served the Government. These restrictions were sought by the Governments in a situation of administration largely concerned with police and taxation functions and not engaged in rapid pursuit of Welfare State objectives. 

To a larger extent these observations made by Appleby are misleading, unsound and incorrect. According to Ashok Chanda in all recognised democracies, audit is not just tolerated as a necessary evil, but is looked upon as a valued ally which brings to notice procedural and technical irregularities and lapses on the part of individuals, whether they be errors of judgement, negligence, or acts and intents of dishonesty. The contemporary roles of audit and administration are accepted as axiomatic, being essential for toning up the machinery of Government. Unfortunately, in India this conception of complementary relationship has yet to be evolved. Audit continues to be considered as something alien, something extraneous, and something of the nature of an impediment. A natural resistance has, thus, developed in the administrative system to the absorption of the suggestion of audit. This trend has become more and more pronounced in recent years. With the advent of independence and the acceptance of the concept of a welfare State, there should be the development of a commonness of  purpose of endeavour and achievement. The need between audit and administration has, thus, assumed paramount importance.

(b)  Implementation of administrative reforms is humongous and arduous. What lacks the push to realize the changes?

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(c)Immediate post-retirement appointments of high officers of government have become a new trend. Discuss its pros and cons.

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Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper-2 (Question: 5)



Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper Question Paper-2 (Question-5)



Section A

  • Exam Name: UPSC IAS Mains Public Administration (Paper-II)
  • Marks: 250
  • Time Allowed: 3 Hours

Q5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : 

(a)  Political neutrality of civil servants has been regarded as one of the cardinal principles in democratic governments. Is its sanctity being maintained in practice in India? Elucidate.

One of the important traditional virtues of Indian Civil services has been its neutrality. In the words of the Masterman Committee, “The characteristic which has long been recognized in the British administrator and extolled as a special virtue is his impartiality, and, in his public capacity, a mind untinged by political prepossession.” The main ingredients of the British concept of Civil Service neutrality may be listed as: “(i) public confidence in the freedom of the Civil Service from all political bias ; (ii) minister’s confidence in obtaining loyal. service from the civil servants irrespective of what political party is in power; (iii) high staff morale based on confidence that promotions and other rewards do not depend upon political origins or partisan activity but on merit alone.” The American concept of Civil Service neutrality, as described by the Hoover Commission, is: “They should keep clear of all political activity, preserve their neutrality in matter of policies..... This means that they must avoid such emotional attachment to the policies of any administration that they cannot accept, change and work in harmony with new leaders ....” Senior civil servants would necessarily refrain from all political activities that would affect adversely their ability to perform their official duties fairly, or that would tend to identify them personally with a political party or its policies.

(b)  Budget is an indicator of financial health of a polity which is reflected in the statement of income and expenditure. Discuss. (Paid)

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(c)  Panchayati Raj Institutions are still plagued by State control and domination of bureaucracy. Argue your case.  (Paid)

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(d)  Urban local governance is perpetually afflicted with lack of financial autonomy and starvation of funds. Elaborate. (Paid)

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(e)  There has been a long-standing demand for separation of police investigation from prosecution. Analyze its merits and demerits. (Paid)

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

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Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper-2 (Question: 4)



Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper Question Paper-2 (Question-4)



Section A

  • Exam Name: UPSC IAS Mains Public Administration (Paper-II)
  • Marks: 250
  • Time Allowed: 3 Hours

Q4.(a) Examine the National Health Policy in the context of the current pandemic situation, Identify the problems and suggest improvements.

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(b) The Speaker of the State Assembly has assumed a significant role in formations and dissolutions of governments. Examine under the circumstances of coalition governments with examples.

(c) At the district level, police functions under the overall supervision and control of the District Magistrate. Comment.

District Magistrate is responsible for the maintenance of law and order in the district. He is the head of criminal administration and supervises all Executive Magistrates in the district and controls and directs the actions of the police. He has supervisory powers over the administration of jails and lock-ups in the district. Maintenance of Law and order is the joint responsibility of the Superintendent of Police, who head the Police force in the district, under the supervision of  District Magistrate.

The intelligence system is organised by the Special Branch of the State Government. It has a small unit at the district level, which supplies information to the State and keeps informed of these developments to the S.P. and D .M. at district level. But S.P. and D.M. do not solely depend on this official information, they also develop their own sources and check and cross-check the intelligence gathered by the official unit. Timely information is a great help in maintaining law and order. The police acts on the orders of the Magistrate.

The relationship between the DM and Superintendent of police is full of tension. The SP feels that his position has un-necessarily been subordinated to that of the DM, but the control of law and order by DM has stood the test of times since its inception. He being the head of district administration, has wider resources to gather information and much broader view of administration compared to S.P. Many arguments have been given on both sides but the controversy is continuing.

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Current Public Administration Magazine (MAY 2021)


Sample Material of Current Public Administration Magazine


1. Accountability and Responsibility

  • Why universities should consider UGC’s proposal to recognise NCC

On April 15, the University Grants Commission (UGC) forwarded for consideration to all vice-chancellors of universities across India a proposal of the Directorate General, National Cadet Corps (NCC), aimed at including NCC as an elective subject in curricula. If this is implemented, NCC will become a part of the Choice-Based Credit System (CBCS) envisioned in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. It will permit students enrolled as NCC cadets to receive academic credits for NCC training, and avail employment incentives offered under various central and state government schemes.

NCC is the world’s largest uniformed youth volunteer organisation. With a footprint covering thousands of educational institutions across the country, it has a better gender ratio than any other uniformed organisation in the country with girl cadets accounting for one-third of the total. As in the Indian armed forces, the NCC’s army wing dwarfs the navy and air force wings in terms of numbers.

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2. Indian Government and Politics

  • Judiciary must uphold rights of citizens without sacrificing sobriety

The recent judgment of the Supreme Court in the Election Commission of India case is an example of judicial statesmanship. During the hearing of a matter, the Madras High Court felt that in the state elections, the EC had failed to enforce Covid safety guidelines, resulting in the spread of the pandemic. Oral observations from the bench stated that the “EC is the institution that is singularly responsible for the second wave of Covid-19” and “EC should be put up for murder charges”. This was widely reported in the media. 

The EC approached the SC. The SC has beautifully dissolved the conflict between EC and the HC, avoiding a positive pronouncement either way. However, the SC has done what it wanted to do.
The judgment protects the media’s right to report accurately the court’s proceedings even if not made a part of the record; it has also recorded an appreciation of the performance of the EC and nullified the effect of oral observations stating that “observations during the course of hearing do not constitute a judgment or binding decision”.

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3. Social Administration

  • Moving towards universal vaccination

On January 5, the the BBC published an article titled “Covaxin: What was the rush to approve India’s homegrown vaccine?” This was just after the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) had approved Covaxin and Covishield through a restricted Emergency Use Authorisation (EUA) against COVID-19 on January 3.

The DCGI approval was based on the recommendation of the Subject Expert Committee of the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO).

The article went on to quote a prominent Member of Parliament from the opposition and a minister in the erstwhile UPA government who stated that the approval for Covaxin was given due to “the chest-thumping ‘vaccine nationalism’ — combined with the PM’s ‘self-reliant India campaigning’, [that] trumped common sense and a generation of established scientific protocols.”

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4. Current Topic

  • Why the Supreme Court order on school fee relief misses the big picture

The Supreme Court judgment in Indian School Jodhpur v State of Rajasthan (May 3, 2021) dealt with a set of appeals concerning the validity of a circular issued by the Director of Secondary Education, State of Rajasthan. This circular reduced school fees for the academic year 2020-21 for schools affiliated with the Central Board of Secondary Education by 30 per cent, and for schools affiliated with the Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education by 40 per cent.

The reduction was commensurate to the reduction in the syllabus, and aimed to provide some respite to parents who may be dealing with the economic fallout of the Covid-19 pandemic.

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4. Current Topic

  • National Archives of India

The National Archives of India (NAI) complex is slated for major changes under the Central Vista Project. Conflicting reports indicate that the heritage structure that is part of the National Archives complex will be retained but that additions to the original plot will be demolished later in the project. The lack of clarity around the plans for preservation, transfer and access of these national records is a cause for concern. While the Minister of Culture stated on Thursday that the government will “continue to keep the records safely,” his statement focuses on the retention of the heritage building, and does not mention the demolition of the Annexe building, which reportedly houses several public records, private papers, departmental records etc. This further highlights the need for public scrutiny.

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5.  Indian Administration

  • Unfair to the Election Commission

On April 26, the Chief Justice of the Madras High Court (MHC) made extremely disconcerting remarks against the Election Commission of India (ECI), attributing the ongoing spread of Covid-19 to the ECI’s alleged mismanagement and inaction in the conduct of elections. The MHC orally remarked that the ECI is “singularly responsible for the second wave of Covid-19” and it “should be put up for murder charges”. What is more disconcerting is that these disparaging remarks were not recorded in the order, so it is unclear exactly which state the Bench was referring to. This aspect assumes importance because the spread of Covid-19 in Tamil Nadu was under control when the elections were announced. It also assumes importance in light of the legal position that high courts do not have extraterritorial jurisdiction. Thus, any observations not relatable to events unfolding in Tamil Nadu would violate well-settled principles of judicial propriety and overreach.

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Study Materials For Public Administration

Online Coaching For Public Administration

Current Public Administration Magazine (APRIL 2021)


Sample Material of Current Public Administration Magazine


1. Accountability and Responsibility

  • When Central government hides behind the ‘system’

I have been desperately seeking your address to send these musings for your kind consideration and necessary perusal but nobody could say with certainty where you live. So, I chose the only alternative I could think of and that is to make an appeal to you so that you unmask yourself.

Of late, we have been hearing this refrain from various quarters that “the system has failed”, “the system has collapsed”, and that “the system” is to be blamed for the unprecedented pain and misery and loss of thousands of Indian lives. We have seen how the data about cases of infection are managed across states. We have also witnessed — helplessly — the wide gap between the numbers of deaths declared through the “system” and the bodies burning at the crematoriums. And then, we also have seen hundreds of bodies floating through different river streams — brazenly denied by the “system”. Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, which underlines the right to life, is gathering dust. So are scores of other issues relating to constitutional morality. The blatant arrogance of the most important people behind the fiction of the “system” during the Covid pandemic, particularly the second wave, shows that institutions of accountable and representative government have been turned into objects in a museum.

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2. Indian Government and Politics

  • The UP governance model needs to be challenged 

Uttar Pradesh has the population the size of Brazil, and 80 LokSabha seats. But the nature of its potential dominance in Indian politics is not simply a function of size and demography. The national influence of UP politics is magnified when it is part of the hegemonic national dispensation, as it is currently. It is no accident that fear of UP domination abated when it was governed by local parties like the SP or BSP. But beyond party alignment, the nature of the political imagination driving UP politics also matters a great deal; the demographic dominance is magnified if it is aligned to an ideological project and a governance style that seeks to be nationally dominant.

We often speak loosely of the politics of the “Hindi heartland”. This might make sense as a crude contrast with the “South”. But this is a misnomer. There is the obvious fact that the nature of development and the social basis of politics in states like Rajasthan, UP, Bihar and MP is quite diverse. Conflating them is about as analytically useful as conflating Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Amongst these states, what makes UP a special challenge is that its ideological influence on national politics is pervasive in a way that is not quite true of the other states. With the ascent of Yogi Adityanath in UP, this ideological configuration is coming into shape in a starkly chilling form that has great implications for national politics.

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3. Social Administration

  • Development with Beloning

Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic and the general global slowdown, unemployment has become a major concern worldwide. The state of Haryana, too, has been unable to escape the wrath of this economic crisis. However, as the world‘s economies struggle to bounce back, Haryana has been taking steady strides towards change and development.

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4. Current Topic

  • Hunger Crisis In India

The second wave is a “top-up” crisis. With millions of families already in deep distress due to the first wave, we must look beyond the issue of oxygen and pay attention to abject hunger among the millions of people in the country.

Let’s start with the unfolding disaster, and contrast it to March and April of 2020. Last year, lack of food and rations was the big visible crisis. But this visibility was limited to migrants whom we could see and till the time they were in the larger cities, we were able to provide them food. As soon as they moved 100 km away, and even further into villages, they were out of our radar. As soon as they became invisible, their needs were largely ignored by governments, agencies and the media.

CLICK HERE FOR FULL ARTICLE (Only for Course Members)

4. Current Topic

  • National Archives of India

The National Archives of India (NAI) complex is slated for major changes under the Central Vista Project. Conflicting reports indicate that the heritage structure that is part of the National Archives complex will be retained but that additions to the original plot will be demolished later in the project. The lack of clarity around the plans for preservation, transfer and access of these national records is a cause for concern. While the Minister of Culture stated on Thursday that the government will “continue to keep the records safely,” his statement focuses on the retention of the heritage building, and does not mention the demolition of the Annexe building, which reportedly houses several public records, private papers, departmental records etc. This further highlights the need for public scrutiny.

CLICK HERE FOR FULL ARTICLE (Only for Course Members)

5.  Indian Administration

  • Why citizen-led fact-finding missions have a role in democracy  

The solicitor-general of India challenged five fact-finding reports conducted on the riots in Northeast Delhi in 2020 in the Delhi High Court on February 24. He argued that the citizen groups, which conducted the fact-finding, were examples of a self-constituted, extra-constitutional, “parallel judicial system”, that did not have any authority in law. They could not be relied upon by any formal judicial forum. He said that people cannot have their own fact-finding committees, they must go to a competent authority.

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(E-Book) KURUKSHETRA MAGAZINE HINDI PDF - MAY 2021

 (E-Book) KURUKSHETRA MAGAZINE PDF - MAY 2021 (HINDI)

  • Medium: Hindi
  • E-BOOK NAME : YOJANA KURUKSHETRA PDF -MAY 2021
  • Total Pages: 56
  • PRICE: 49/- FREE/- (only for few days)
  • Hosting Charges: NIL
  • File Type: PDF File Download Link via Email

विषय सूचि:

  • नवाचार और उद्यमिता की संस्कृति को बढ़ावा (आर रमणन,नमन अग्रवाल,एस मोहित राव)

  • भारतीय कृषि में नवाचार (डॉ. जगदीप सक्सेना)

  • भारत : नवप्रवर्तन का उभरता बाजार (इरतीफ लोन)

  • नारी शक्ति से सशक्त बनेगा भारत (संयुक्तता समद्दर,पंखुड़ी दत्त)

  • कोविड-19 के दौर में स्वस्थ जीवनशैली जरुरी (डॉ. संतोष जैन पासी, आकांशा जैन)

  • पराली अब लाएगी खुशहाली (डॉ. पियूष गोयल)

  • नवाचार की राह पर ग्रामीण भारत (हिंडोल सेनगुप्ता)

  • कृषि एंव संबद्ध क्षेत्रों में नवाचार (डॉ. वीरेन्द्र कुमार)

  • बायोफ्लॉक विधि से कम पानी और कम खर्च में मछली उत्पादन (संदीप कुमार)

  • 'बाचा': देश का पहला सौर ऊर्जा सम्पन्न गांव (अवनीश सोमकुवर) 

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Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper-2 (Question: 3)



Public Administration Mains 2020 : Solved Paper Question Paper-2 (Question-3)



Section A

  • Exam Name: UPSC IAS Mains Public Administration (Paper-II)
  • Marks: 250
  • Time Allowed: 3 Hours

Q3.(a) Does the privatization of key public sector bodies augur well for welfarism in India? Discuss with suitable illustrations. (Paid) 

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

(b) The spirit of democratic values requires that the independence of judiciary remains absolute. It is high time that the All India Judicial Service (AIJS) was created. Elaborate. (Free)

The promotion of good governance through judiciary depends on its independence to a great extent. An independent, unbiased and able judiciary is the first requirement of justice. Independence of the judiciary means independence from the government in power since judges have to provide justice not only between citizens but also between a citizen and the State. The Indian Constitution makes provision for an independent and impartial judiciary. Former Chief Justice Chandrachud opines that the independence of judiciary is the “cardinal feature” and observed that the “judiciary which is to act as a bastion of the rights and freedom of the people is given certain constitutional guarantees to safeguard the independence of judiciary”. The provision of an all-India judicial service (AIJS) on the lines of the Indian Administrative Service and the Indian Police Service was mooted soon after Independence. The provision of AIJS was included in Article 312 of the Constitution through the 42nd Amendment in 1976.

(c) To strengthen the Election Commission of India and its commissioners is the need of the hour. Suggest measures to make it more independent and impartial. (Paid)

ANSWER: ONLY FOR COURSE MEMBERS

Online Course for Public Administration for IAS Mains

Study Notes for Public Administration Optional Mains - 100% Syllabus Covered

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(E-Book) YOJANA MAGAZINE PDF - MAY 2021

 (E-Book) YOJANA MAGAZINE PDF - MAY 2021 

  • Medium: Hindi
  • E-BOOK NAME : YOJANA MAGAZINE PDF -MAY 2021
  • Total Pages: 60
  • PRICE: 49/- FREE/- (only for few days)
  • Hosting Charges: NIL
  • File Type: PDF File Download Link via Email

Content Table

  • नीति आयोग संघवाद की नई परिभाषा (राजीव कुमार, उर्वशी प्रसाद, देवाशीष धर)
  • गुजरात की विकास कथा (विजय रूपाणी)
  • महाराष्ट्र साठ साल से ज्यादा का सफर (योजना टोम)
  • एक राष्ट्र- एक चुनाव (के एफ विल्फ्रेड)
  • कोविड 19 में राजकोषीय संघवाद (डॉ सज्जन एस यादव, सूरज के प्रधान)
  • कौशल विकास का बेहतर ढांचा (जूथिका पाटणकर, डॉ मनीष मिश्र)
  • संघवाद की चुनौतिया और आगे का रास्ता (समीरा सौरभ)
  • रेडियो फ्रिक्वेंसी स्पेक्ट्रम आवंटन (डॉ प्रताप सी मोहंती, डॉ करुण रावत)
  • आज़ादी का अमृत महोत्सव स्वतंत्रता के बाद मानव विकास में प्रगति (नरेश गुप्ता)
  • योजना सही विकल्प

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(E-Book) Current Affairs GK for UPSC, IAS Exams - APRIL 2021 PDF

General Awareness for UPSC Exams - APR 2021

Current Affairs GK for UPSC, IAS Exams - APR 2021 PDF

  • Medium: English
  • E-BOOK NAME : IAS Current Affairs GK PDF - APR 2021
  • Total Pages: 47
  • PRICE: 49/- FREE/- (only for few days)
  • Hosting Charges: 19/-
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Covered Topics:

  • National
  • International
  • Business And Economy
  • Science and Technology
  • Environment
  • Sports
  • MCQ Questions

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(E-Book) Current Affairs GK for UPSC, IAS Exams - MARCH 2021 PDF

General Awareness for UPSC Exams - MAR 2021

Current Affairs GK for UPSC, IAS Exams - MAR 2021 PDF

  • Medium: English
  • E-BOOK NAME : IAS Current Affairs GK PDF - MAR 2021
  • Total Pages: 85
  • PRICE: 49/- FREE/- (only for few days)
  • Hosting Charges: 19/-
  • File Type: PDF File Download Link via Email

Covered Topics:

  • National
  • International
  • Business And Economy
  • Science and Technology
  • Environment
  • Sports
  • MCQ Questions

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Public Administration Papers Topic : Significant Issues in Indian Administration


Public Administration Papers Topic : Significant Issues in Indian Administration


  • “The President of India acts like grandparents in a family. If the younger generation does not follow his/her advice, he/she is just unable to do anything.” Comment. (20 marks 2007)
  • "India has failed to devise a long-term strategy for drought management." Comment. (30 marks 2004)
  • “The Role played by the National Human Rights Commission in maintaining and preserving the dignity of India’s citizens has been satisfactory and up to the expectations.” Elucidate. (60 marks 2006)
  • “The National Human Rights Commission is unable to play its role effectively due to various hindrances.” Comment (20 marks 2004)
  • ‘Right to Information Act has led to greater transparency and accountability of administration.’ Comment. (30 marks 2009)
  • With the Creation of new regulatory agencies in the wake of liberalisation , overlapping jurisdiction and conflicts become the new trend. Is there a need for the creation of a Super - regulator or unified regulator ? (30 marks 2010)
  • “The National Human Rights Commission has done a commendable job in developing a sense of responsibility among organisations towards the protection of human rights.”Comment on this assessment (30 marks 2009)
  •  “Lok-Ayuktas are judicial institutions without adequate teeth”. Comment (60 marks 2006)
  • "Disaster insurance is desirable but not an easy proposition to implement." Illustrate with Suitable examples(30 marks 2011)
  •  “Corruption is more of an environmental than an administrative problem.” Discuss (12 marks 2012) 
  • “Bureaucratic agencies, characterized by established procedures, specialization, leadership, clear objective, are not ideal to handle disaster management.” Examine with reference to the need for administrative flexibility in managing disaster. (in about 250 words)(20 marks 2013)
  • “Public Administration today tends to be less public quantitative terms, but more responsive to public needs than before in qualitative terms.” Examine with reference to citizen-centric administration. (10 marks 2013)
  • “The basic ethical problem for an administrator is to determine how he/she values.” Comment with reference to corruption in administration. (In about 250 words).(20 marks 2013)
  • Supreme Court ruling on 31st October, 2013 in respect of bureaucracy’s functioning would help achieve good governance. Analyse this ruling and add your comments on it. (20 marks 2014)
  • “Most Civil Servants in India are competent administrators, but they pay little attention to encourage people’s participation in decision-making.” Comment on the statement.(10 marks 2015)
  • Municipal governance in India is not sufficiently prepared to meet the challenges of frequent natural disasters.” Elucidate the statement and add your own suggestions .(20 marks 2015)
  • National Green Tribunal is viewed by many critics as a hindrance to economic development” Evaluate the statement and give arguments in support of your answer.(10 marks 2016)
  • Explain how the National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) provides a framework and direction to the government agencies for all phases of the disaster management cycle. (20 marks 2016)
  • “The Right to Information Act is a path-breaking legislation which signals the march from darkness of secrecy to dawn of transparency.” (20 marks 2016)
  • What hurdles do the citizens face in obtaining information from the government? Explain how the reluctance of the government to part with information under RTI can be addressed. (20 marks 2016)
  • “The Right to Information (RTI) has started its journey but is far from its destination.” Comment(10 marks 2017)
  • “Disaster preparedness and management has become an important component of district administration  in India.” Discuss with suitable illustrations(20 marks 2017)
  • Discuss, with sustainable examples, the emerging challenges faced by the Regulatory Commissions as to the arbitrary agents between the State and the market forces(20 marks 2017)
  • “The ‘policy of non-action’ regarding the institutional mechanisms and legal provisions to eradicate corruption is a feature of Indian Administration.” Critically examine(20 marks 2017)
  • “Autonomy of civil society is crucial for responsive and effective administration.” Examine the statement.(10 marks 2018)
  • “In the Network Era the TRAI has the challenging task of protecting the Net Neutrality from digital aggression.” Comment .(20 marks 2018)
  • “The RTI has started its journey, but is far from its destination.” In the view of the statement, examine the present’s status of the RTI movement. (10 Marks 2019)
  • Minimal accountability being the dominant norm in the political system, the Lokpal can only be an ideal institution with limited effectiveness. Explain. (20 Marks 2019)
  • The National Policy on Disaster Management envisages a paradigm shift from hitherto reactive post-disaster relief centric regime to more proactive and enabling environment. Examine the responses of State Governments in this regard. (20 Marks 2019)
  • Accountability of regulatory bodies would address the problem of over-regulators and help make them truly facilitators. Analyze the present status of regulators and suggest measures to induce accountability in the mechanism. (10 Marks 2019)
  • Immediate post-retirement appointments of high officers of government have become a new trend. Discuss its pros and cons.(20 Marks 2020)
  • "There are adequate legal mechanisms to address corruption malpractices in administration, but they have failed to curb the mea any noticeable degree." In the light of this statement, discuss the efficacy the institution of Lokayukta in Indian States. (20 Marks 2020)
  • Ideally citizen-administration interface is supposed to be based on trustworthiness and purposefulness, in reality it is observed to be plagued by suspicion, conflicts, stresses and strains. Do you agree? Elaborate.(20 Marks 2020)

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Public Administration Papers Topic : Law and Order Administration


Public Administration Papers Topic : Urban Local Government


  • “Law and order problems of the twenty-first century cannot be tackled through legislation and structures of the nineteenth century.” Give suggestions for transforming the law and order machinery at the State level. (30 marks 2009)
  • “The role played by Central and State Governments in maintaining law and order is inadequate and unmatched to growing criminalization.” Comment. (20 marks 2005)
  • “Criminalisation of politics has been responsible for the problems related to law and order in our nation.” Comment.(20 marks 2004)
  • “Criminalization of politics in India has been extended to politicization of criminals.” Comment. (30 marks 2003)
  • “Community policing has become a victim of elite capture.” Discuss the Concept of community policing and Bring out the implications of the above statement. (30 marks 2011)
  • “Even though law and order administration is a State subject in the Indian Constitution, it is paradoxical that the para -military and other kinds of security forces under the Union Government has grown in recent years.” Critically analyse the statement. (20 marks 2012)
  • Compare and contrast the Padmanabhaiah, Ribeiro and Mallinath Committee Reports. (25 marks 2012)
  • “Laws are enacted without involving the police in the conception stage, with the result of implementation of these laws leaves much to be desired.” Examine the role of police in the protection of children. (In about 250 words)(20 marks 2013)
  • “The design of the Indian Polices was to subjugate the Indian People in the aftermath of 1857.” Analyse in the context of the Indian Police Act of 1861.(20 marks 2013)
  • “There is both criminalization of politics and politicization of criminals in India.” Examine and identify the challenges they cause for law and order administration. (In about 250 words)(20 marks 2013)
  • Critically examine the statement: ‘Thana’ (Police Station) as the last bastion of the waning British administrative legacy of India. (10 marks 2014)
  • “Police-Public relations are a story of insincere efforts made on both sides.” Elaborate(10 marks 2014)
  • Do you think that the Central paramilitary police forces have proven more effective than the State police service? Give your answer objectively in a critical vein. (10 marks 2014)
  • Critically examine the concept of community policing as a tool for improving public-police relations.(10 marks 2015)
  • Discuss the significance and role of the Central Paramilitary Forces in maintaining law and order and countering insurgency as well as terrorism. (20 marks 2015)
  • Discuss critically the salient features of the National Investigation Agency (NIA) regarding its purposes and jurisdiction. (20 marks 2015)
  • “Police reforms in India have remained a contentious issue.” Critically analyse. (10 marks 2016)
  • In view of the contemporary internal scenario should “law and order” be made a part of the Concurrent List of the Constitution of India? Justify your opinion. (20 marks 2017)
  • The image of Indian Police can be improved if its structure and orientations are transformed radically.” Do you agree? Elaborate(10 marks 2017)
  • "The AFSPA debate reveals that the Indian paramilitary forces are caught between the imperatives of national security and protection of human rights.” Discuss. (10 marks 2018)
  • “Institutional change is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for reducing criminalisation of politics." Examine. (20 marks 2018)
  • The police-public interface is punctuated with distrust and fear. Suggest how the police can reform its image in the eyes of the public. (10 Marks 2019)
  • Even though the law and order administration is a State subject, it is paradoxical that the Central agencies- NIA or paramilitary forces under the Union Government-have restricted the powers of State Governments. Discuss. (20 Marks 2019)
  • There has been a long-standing demand for separation of police investigation from prosecution. Analyze its merits and demerits.(10 Marks 2020)
  • Police needs to be made accountable and freed from the grip of politics. It is a big challenge not only for law and order but also for the development of the country. Critically examine.(20 Marks 2020)

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Public Administration Papers Topic : Urban Local Government


Public Administration Papers Topic : Urban Local Government


  • In urban governance, uni-functional agencies and development authorities create a “functional jungle.” Explain (20 marks 2008)
  • “Sound municipal governance requires a cadre of specialized municipal services executives equal in state Services.” Comment. (20 marks 2009)
  • “The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNURM) is one of the biggest reforms - linked development programmes taken up by the Government.” Comment. (20 marks 2010)
  • Examine the institutional vulnerability of municipal governance in the midst of an emerging spectre of multiple partnerships . (30 marks 2011)
  • Local self - government in India is the interplay of several factors – historical ideological and administrative. Critically examine these factors. (30 marks 2012)
  • “Municipal Administration in India faces both structural and operational challenges.” Examine in the context of post-74th Amendment Act. (In about 250 words) (10 marks 2013)
  • Explain the notion of one hundred ‘smart cities’ and its likely impact on India’s urbanization.(10 marks 2014)
  • Comment on the recent changes in the approach and methodology of devolution of responsibilities and transfer of funds from the Union to the States. (10 marks 2015)
  • How do the Union Government policies on Smart and AMRUT Cities address the problems of management of urban development? Explain. (20 marks 2015)
  • “The separation between regulatory and development functions in many development administration.” Critically examine the need to relook at this policy. (20 marks 2016)
  • “The concept of ‘New localism’ is related to the emerging nature of the relationship between the State governments and local government bodies.” Explain (10 marks 2016)
  • “Neighbourhood management provides an appropriate global strategy of dealing with social exclusion in the urban development scenario." Comment. (10 marks 2018)
  • The concept of new localism arrangement may defeat the very purpose of local self-governance. Do you agree? Justify. (10 Marks 2019)
  • Urban local governance is perpetually afflicted with lack of financial autonomy and starvation of funds. Elaborate.(10 Marks 2020)
  • Ward committees in urban local governance have remained more tigers. The ideal of realizing effective people's participation in collabor with local functionaries is still in the pipeline. Evaluate the gap in the and practice.(20 Marks 2020)

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 (E-Book) GIST OF NCERT (एन.सी.ई.आर.टी.) BOOKS MCQ PDF with Answers

 (E-Book) GIST OF NCERT (एन.सी.ई.आर.टी.) BOOKS MCQ PDF with Answers

  • Medium: Hindi (हिन्दी)
  • E-BOOK NAME : NCERT (एन.सी.ई.आर.टी.) BOOKS MCQ PDF with Answers
  • Total Pages: 150+
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Content Table:

  • NCERT Class-11 : Indian Constitution at Work (New) 2
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-12 : Contemporary World Politics (New) 25
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-11 : Indian Economic Development (New) 37
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-11 : Indian Physical Environment (New) 48
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-12 : Politics in India Since Independence (New) 58
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-8 : Resource and Development (New) 67
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-8 : Modern India 76
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-11 : Indian Economic Development (New) 88
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-9 : Story of Civilization(Old) 89
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-6&7 : Ancient & Medieval India (Old) 97
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-6 : Land and People (Old) 116
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-9 : Contemporary India (New) 128
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Goh Cheng Leong Test (MCQ) 138
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Ancient India (Old & New) 141
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-9 : Macro Economics (New) 144
  • NCERT​​​​​​​ ​​​​​​​Class-10 : Story of Civilization (Old) 153

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Public Administration Papers Topic : Rural Development


Public Administration Papers Topic : Rural Development


  • What are the basic hurdles and pitfalls in the implementation of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act ? (30 marks 2008)
  • "The special development programmes taken up for poverty alleviation with a hope that benefits of these programmes may reach to the people living below the poverty line - have utterly failed to. achieve its. objectives." Comment. (60 marks 2004)
  • ‘Economic Development and Social Justice are the hallmarks of the 1992 Constitutional Amendment Acts.’ Elucidate. (20 marks 2008)
  • “73rd Constitutional Amendment has provided permanent structural framework to PRI’s resulting into silent social revolution.” Comment (60 marks 2007)
  • "The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment are major landmarks in India’s Constitutional History and Local Governance." Comment.(20 marks 2006)
  • "Non - Governmental Organisations play a catalytic role in enabling communities to define their own priorities...." Comment.(20 marks 2010)
  • "Absence of District Planning , Committees in a large number of districts. has prevented convergence of planning at the district level." Examine the above statement with examples. (20 marks 2011)
  • ‘Panchayati Raj Institutions are still affected by State control and domination by bureaucracy.’ Do you agree ? (12 marks 2012)
  • “The second generation reforms in the Panchayati Raj institutions have changed Panchayats from the agency of development at local level into a political institution.” Discuss(10 marks 2013)
  • “Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Panchayat’s functions enhances efficiency, transparency and accountability and also induces mass ICT culture.” Examine. (In about 250 words) (20 marks 2013)
  • “Gandhian model of decentralization is similar to the process of reinventing governance. “ Analyze in the context of good governance. (In about 250 words) (20 marks 2013)
  • “The 73rd Amendment, it is felt, may accentuate fiscal indiscipline by establishing between State and Local Governments a system of transfers similar to the one in the place between the Central and State Governments.” (World Bank) Comment. (In about 250 words) (20 marks 2013)
  • “Self-Help Groups (SHGs) have contributed to a change in the role of rural women in development — from symbolic participation to empowerment.” Discuss. (10 marks 2013)
  • Do you think that the role of Panchayati Raj should go beyond development administration? Give reasons for your answer. (10 marks 2014)
  • “Unimplemented reforms in administrations weaken the administrative reforms process most.” Do you agree? Give your answer citing specific cases as illustrations. (20 marks 2014)
  • “Decentralised governance must serve as an instrument of realizing social change and social justice.” Comment on the statement. (10 marks 2015)
  • Do you think that the functioning of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), in practice, reflects genuine devolution of powers and resources? Give reasons for your answer. (10 marks 2015)
  • “The goals of good governance will remain utopian if local governments responsible for providing all basic services directly to the citizens, are not empowered as mandated by the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts.” Critically evaluate the status of empowerment of the local bodies. (20 marks 2015)
  • “The objectives of fiscal devolution to local bodies as mandated by the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts has been derailed by the actual working of the State Finance Commissions. ” Comment. (10 marks 2016)
  • “The institution of the Gram Sabha has very little connection with the   Gandhian spirit of direct democracy.” Critically examine(10 marks 2017)
  • "Social audit has lent a critical edge to the implementation of programmes such as MGNREGA." Comment(10 marks 2018)
  • “Rural development programmes have failed to effectively address the problems of small and marginal farmers.” Analyse and give suggestions. (20 marks 2018)
  • The evidence suggests that the dream of deliberative democracy could not be realized in practice at the grassroot level. Evaluate the impediments in the functioning of Gram Sabha. (10 Marks 2019)
  • All weather rural connectivity schemes to even unconnected rural habitations has the potential to transform the rural economy. Do you agree? Justify. (10 Marks 2019)
  • Panchayati Raj Institutions are still plagued by State control and domination of bureaucracy. Argue your case.(10 Marks 2020)
  • Despite the constitutional provisions for representation, the voice of weaker sections is not having the desired impact in the realms of Panchayati Raj Institutions. Critically examine.(20 Marks 2020)

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Public Administration Papers Topic : Administrative Reforms  Since Independence


Public Administration Papers Topic : Administrative Reforms  Since Independence


  • In your view , which have been the five most important administrative reforms implemented after Independence? What has been their impact ? (30 marks 2009)
  • All efforts in the field of reforms in public administration by the political executive have resulted in no significant output." Comment.(20 marks 2006)
  • "Efforts made towards administrative reforms so far have been lacking in a congruence between strategy, structure and substance." Comment.(20 marks 2005)
  • "In spite of valuable suggestions through Administrative Reforms, still we have not been able to come up to the expectations of the people." Discuss. (30 marks 2004)
  • Briefly discuss the recommendations of any two following: (30 marks 2009) 
  1. Paul Appleby (1953 and 1956), 
  2. Santhanam Committee, 
  3.  Hota Committee, 
  4.   Sixth Pay Commission 
  • "The recommendations of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission on reforming the Civil Service are radical yet implementable." Do you agree ? (30 marks 2009)
  • The National Commission to review the working of the Constitution has suggested revolutionary changes in administrative culture.' Analyse its major recommendations on Civil Services and Administration. (60 marks 2007)
  • Describe the changing character and new orientations of Public Services in India since Independence.  (60 marks 2008)
  • With reference to India, discuss the assertion that administrative reforms are multi dimensional and need to be substantiated by reforms in other related areas of state action. (30 marks 2010)
  • The Second Administrative Reforms Commission, in its 10th Report, observes that "the common perception is that the incentive structure in government is too weak and inadequate to motivate better performance." Elucidate.  (30 marks 2010)
  • Discuss the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission in respect of the National Development Council for improving Centre- State planning relations. (20 marks 2012)
  • “Excellent ideas but poor implementation have characterised the administrative reforms in India since Independence.” Critically examine the statement giving examples from the Union and State Governments. (20 marks 2015)
  • What are the major concerns of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission on Civil Service reforms? Indicate the current status of their implementation. (10 marks 2015)
  • “The Second Administrative Reform Commission (ARC) makes a strong case for the principle of subsidiary .”Elaborate (10 marks 2017)
  • “The recommendations of various commissions on administrative reforms have not made a radical departure from the Paul Appleby Report.” Do you agree ? Give reasons. (20 marks 2018)
  • Considerable attention has been paid to the restructuring of the administrative systems at the Central and local levels, but very few reforms have been undertaken at the State level. What steps would you suggest to rectify it? (20 Marks 2019)

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Public Administration Papers Topic : Financial Management


Public Administration Papers Topic : Financial Management


  • "Parliamentary Departmental Committees have played their role effectively in analysing the demands for grants." Evaluate.(20 marks 2007)
  • Examine the role of the Finance Ministry of the Union Government in designing and implementing monetary and fiscal policies.(30 marks 2009)
  • "Audit, like the judiciary, the executive and the legislature is one of the important ingredients of democracy." Comment.(20 marks 2006)
  • "Audit provides a healthy safeguard against public money going down the drain." Comment. (30 marks 2005)
  • Comment on the following statement: "The Comptroller and Auditor - General (CAG) of India is a prosecutor with a law that hobbles its functioning, a judge without the power to sentence and a litigant with no right to appeal." (30 marks 2011)
  • What is output-based performance budgeting System ? Analyse this system in the context of India. (15 marks 2012)
  • 'The Budget is more than the economic horoscope of the nation '. Comment. (20 marks 2008)
  • 'Questions represent a  powerful technique of parliamentary control over expenditure.' Explain.(12 marks 2012)
  • The optimism expressed by the proponents o f the Financial Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003, in ensuring fiscal discipline appears to be unwarranted. Comment.(20 marks 2012)
  • “Performance budgeting failed because it was applied to sectors/programmes where quantitative evaluation was not feasible.” Examine the principles underlying performance budgeting techniques. (10 marks 2013)
  • “According is the essence of producing promptly and clearly the facts relating to financial condition and operations that are required as a basis of management.” Substantiate the statement in the context of accounting methods and techniques in government. (In about 250 words) (10 marks 2013) 
  • Justify the constructional provision to treat certain expenditure as charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India. (In about 150 words)(10 marks 2013)
  • Discuss the changes in powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India (CAG) following a recent Supreme Court judgement in a case concerning a private service provider. (10 marks 2014)
  • Parliamentary Committees bring about accountability in public expenditure. Discuss.(10 marks 2014)
  • “Social auditing of flagship programmes of the Central government facilitates the performance of the Comptroller and Auditor-General.” Elaborate the statement with appropriate examples.(20 marks 2014)
  • Explain how budget can be used as a political instrument .(10 marks 2015)
  • Justify the budgetary support to nationalized banks to overcome the crisis resulting out of Non- Performing Assets (NPA). (10 marks 2016)
  • What merits do you foresee in the proposed merger of the Railway Budget with the General Budget? (10 marks 2016)
  • “The initiative of the Income Tax Department on disclosure of black money has had a mixed response.” Give suggestions for tackling this complex problem. (10 marks 2016)
  • Do you agree that Seventh Pay Commission’s recommendations do not reflect and correlate the need for civil service reforms and accountability with pay increase? Justify your answer. (20 marks 2016)
  • “The office of Comptroller General of Accounts (CGA) is expected to strengthen public financial management in India”. Discuss its mandate. (10 marks 2017)
  • “Financial inclusion needs legal backing but it also requires increasing awareness for it to become a reality.” Discuss(10 marks 2018)
  • "Gender budgeting requires rethinking beyond allocations to become a powerful tool of gender mainstreaming." Discuss.  (10 marks 2018)
  • "Performance management requires identification of indicators and measures to ensure that goals are achieved efficiently." Discuss. (10 marks 2018)
  • Performance grants devolved by the Finance Commission of India have increased the Financial accountability of the local bodies. Elaborate. (10 Marks 2019)
  • The strategy to deal with the non-performing assets of banks may lead to overburdened taxpayers. Examine the role of the government to protect the interests of both. (10 Marks 2019)
  • Budget is an indicator of financial health of a polity which is reflected in the statement of income and expenditure. Discuss. (10 Marks 2020)
  • The office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India stands on the pillar of autonomy. Discuss the major lacunae in the functioning of this constitutional body and also suggest measures for its strengthening.(20 Marks 2020)

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